Brother, where art thou? A dogged New Yorker traveled twice to Virginia to retrieve body of sibling killed at the Wilderness. A Fredericksburg park volunteer and a descendant put together the poignant story, which is showcased in an exhibit

2nd Lt. Horace Hill (NY State Military Museum via Wayne Historians Organization), national colors of the 111th New York (NY State Military Museum) and park volunteer Steve Morin 

In spring 1864, Francis Abner Hill set out to do something thousands of others in his situation would have wanted to do, but did not have the money, time or tenacity.

Francis planned to bring back to Upstate New York the body of his younger brother, 2^nd Lt. Horace Gilbert Hill, killed just a week before, on May 5, while leading his company at the Wilderness in Virginia.

The military action was still too hot in the area and Francis wasn’t allowed to search for the grave. But signs of his persistence were evident in his many visits to military hospitals in Washington, D.C., apparently to glean helpful information from wounded members of the 111^th New York Infantry. He wanted to know if any of them knew where Horace was laid to rest.

Those interviews and letters sent to veterans and families after his return to Wayne County set the ground work for his second – and successful – trip to find Horace and bring the 23-year-old home (Hill family monument, right, courtesy Nancy Rosin).

“Francis Hill’s successful recovery efforts were not a common occurrence in the Civil War,” wrote Steve Morin, a retired federal government researcher and volunteer at Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park, in a report about the sibling’s search for Horace. And such efforts did not blunt the pain.

“Returning a Civil War soldier’s remains helped to establish a degree of closure, but it didn’t erase the lifelong anguish caused by the loss," according to Morin.

For years, the volunteer has transcribed documents for the park’s historical database. His curiosity routinely takes him to the internet to learn more about his subjects, as was the case in the Hills.

This spring, Morin turned to Ancestry.com for photographs and learned of a Hill family tree put together by Nancy Rosin of Rochester. “She answered my Ancestry message and I was floored when she told me she was Francis’s great-great-granddaughter,” he told the Picket in an email. Rosin is related through the maternal side of her family.

Using records (including a copy of Francis Hill's diary) already held by the park and letters and photographs from Rosin, the pair completed a compelling portrait of a family that sought closure amid its grief. 

On Friday evening (5p-7p Jan. 2), Morin spoke at a reception at the city's Fredericksburg Visitor Center about the project. The reception kicked off an exhibit about volunteers and their roles in supporting the mission of the federal park. 

“Finding Nancy was fortunate because she possessed so many letters, images, etc. that filled in gaps and provided personal insights into the family members,” Morin said. (At left, Francis and his wife Sophia, courtesy Nancy Rosin)

The researcher told FXBG Neighbors he likens his work using primary documents to solving a puzzle. (Read this Picket article about how he helped identify a grave at Fredericksburg National Cemetery)

“I have always loved the way he views history,” Ashley Ranalli, volunteer coordinator at Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park, told FXBG Neighbors.

“To me, Steve is looking to understand the people he is researching and make a connection.”

Rosin told the Picket that Morin provided context on documents her family kept for 165 years. Other relatives also have material related to the brothers.

Lt. Horace Hill's 1864 pocket diary (NPS photo)

"My collaboration with Steve centered on the letters themselves. In the collection, there were about 40 letters written following Lieut. Hill’s death, from fellow soldiers and military officials tending to the details of pay owed, the return of personal effects, etc." Rosin said.

"But many of the letters were from area families whose sons had also died in the Wilderness and who, similarly, wanted to bring their remains home. Those letters were very helpful in unraveling the story of Francis’s recovery of his brother’s remains."

'Ready to defend the stars and stripes'

Horace Hill enlisted early in the war when he was 19 years old, Rosin said.

"A description of him written by a friend described him as popular with the girls and fond of staying out late at parties/social gatherings. When he left for the war, Horace and a young woman named Amanda Franklin were in a serious relationship and some of his letters home indicate they were planning a life together at war’s end," she wrote in an email. (Horace, left, before the war. Courtesy Nancy Rosin)

Hill served in another New York regiment before joining the 111^th. He rose to sergeant and then second lieutenant in 1863. He fought in numerous battles, including Gettysburg, where the regiment suffered heavy casualties.

In March 1863, he wrote to Francis saying he wish he had expressed more appreciation for their relationship. "Your kindness is fully appreciated by a brother who tonight is a soldier sitting in his tent shedding bitter tears of regret as he remembers how little he manifested the love of a brother in days gone."

Horace Hill had a premonition of his death, according to a fellow officer with the 111^th.

On the evening  of May 5, 1864, in the vicious fighting at the Wilderness, Company A tangled with Confederates. According to “Military History of Wayne County,” Hill was waving his sword, trying to rally his men, when he was instantly killed by a ball passing through his chin and neck. His body was found after Confederates retreated.

NPS map of Wilderness fighting around the time Lt. Horace Hill was killed.
The 111th New York is indicated near rectangle bearing Barlow's name. Click to enlarge

The young officer was buried at a farm with other soldiers. His family did not know the location.

The Rochester Express carried this pithy article about his death, according to a Facebook page about the 111^th New York.

“Lieutenant Hill was almost idolized by the men under his command. He had gained that respect, not only by being an ever true and faithful soldier, but also by kindly caring for his men. His heart swelled with proud emotions at the thought of his country's glory, and he was ever ready to defend the stars and stripes from the insults of traitors. Though comparatively unknown his name may well stand side by side with Ellsworth, Lyon, Wadsworth, Sedgwick, and a host of others; heroes whose names generations yet unborn shall love to read and revere. He fell as a hero falls. Amid the carnage of battle, he yielded up his life, a noble sacrifice, for ‘God and home, and native land,’ and that God in whom he trusted will surely reward him.”

Francis Hill, an Ontario, N.Y., businessmen who cared for his ailing parents rather than enlist, decided to quickly find his brother’s remains. He used Horace’s 1857 diary, according to Morin, to take notes of his trip, including expenditures and notations. 

The diary highlighted the extensive planning, research, logistics and costs associated with returning Lt. Hill to his home near Lake Ontario, according to Morin. While he was not permitted to travel to the front in May 1864, Francis visited numerous hospitals in the Washington area.

Morin’s report -- which includes an extensive bibliography -- summarizes what Francis learned during and after his first visit to Virginia. Among the findings was his brother was buried near fellow New York 2nd Lt. James W. Snedaker (right, courtesy Wayne Historians Organization).

The plots were on the farm of William A. Stephens of Spotsylvania County, close to the battlefield.

Interestingly, Horace’s sword and scabbard had been sent to a Washington hospital after his death. The family later acquired it but Rosin said she is unaware of who has it in their possession.

Brother, father of another soldier communicated

Francis Hill, who was often called Abe or Abner by friends, planned to return to Virginia in late November 1864 and he received a letter (left, click to enlarge) from the U.S. Army authorizing his travel to the grave site. 

Business and personal matters, however, delayed his trip to summer 1865, shortly after the war ended.

In the diary, Francis noted directions to the Stephens farm, which held the bodies of several 111^th New York soldiers.

At some point, Francis communicated with Adrastus Snedaker, father of killed Lt. James Snedaker. Francis and Adrastus had been in touch with a private who saw Horace after the latter's death and helped bury him, carving out a marker with an ax.

"This soldier wrote a very detailed letter to Francis that described his brother’s burial, the condition of the remains, and what he carved on the grave marker," said Morin. 

Adrastus Snedaker retrieved his son’s body in June 1865, one month before Francis was able to go and find Horace’s remains. Horace Hill was laid to rest at Ontario Center Cemetery. (Findagrave.com photo below courtesy Bob Davis)

"Horace now lies buried in a small pioneer cemetery on Ridge Road in Ontario, just a short distance from the Hill family homestead and the old mill pond, surrounded by three generations of his family," Rosin told the Picket.

One of his older military coats belongs to the Sterling Historical Society in New York.

For his part, Francis Hill, a prominent farmer, miller and town official, was married to Martha Sophia Patterson and they had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood. Their daughter, Martha Stella Hill, is Rosin's great-grandmother.

According to a diary, Francis wrote on April 24, 1874, about being at the beside of his dying mother.

“Her sufferings have been severe, but her death was peaceful and apparently easy and she retained consciousness almost to the last moment. A few minutes before she ceased to breathe and while laying partially on the left side she opened her eyes in apparent pleasure and exclaimed 'Horace G: Why Horace' as though she saw him & then spoke to him.”

Francis died in Ontario, N.Y., in 1903 at age 68.

"This story is important because it describes in such a personal way the impact of war on the lives of ordinary people. I think of my family, living in a small farming community, then their lives upended by the outbreak of the war," said Rosin.

"People often focus on the 'pomp and circumstance' of war -- the battles, the valor, etc. I think the story of Francis and Horace brings home the loss and grief in war’s aftermath. And of course, it’s a very touching story about the love of family…as Lieut. Hill put it, 'those near and dear to me.'”

Exhibit will look at work of park volunteers

Ranalli, the volunteer coordinator at Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park, said the exhibition will be in place through Feb. 2. The visitor center is at 601 Caroline St., Fredericksburg, Va.

Morin was given the Hill documents to transcribe and found them to be intriguing, Ranalli said.

“Steve’s research into the story of the Hill brothers was inspired by several primary sources from the park’s bound-volume collection,” she said in an email. “This collection was started in the 1970s by then-chief of Interpretation Bob Crick, who sent college students to campuses across the country to photocopy primary documents related to the park. In the 1990s, the collection was opened to the public, and this particular item was likely donated by a visitor, possibly a relative of the Hill family.”

Rosin said the Francis Hill diary came to the park through relatives of one of his sons. She was not aware it existed until the park contacted her.

The exhibit portion about the Hills is entitled “In Search of Rest” and was created in partnership with the Fredericksburg tourism bureau.

“This marks the first time the Fredericksburg City Visitor Center has featured an exhibit highlighting the work of National Park Service volunteers,” added Ranalli.

A letter from Horace to his mother Elvira

Rosin provided the Picket a letter Lt. Horace Hill wrote to his mother shortly before his death.

Camp of 111th N.Y.V. Inf.

                                                                                                  April 23/64

My Dear Mother

     It being a kind of lonely dreary night and not feeling much like going to bed yet awhile I have taken my pen to write you a little. For the past two weeks we have been busy much of the time in preparing to move & we have gotten about ready so that should it not storm within a day or two, I think we will strike tents & be off for where of course I know not. But most likely it will not be very long ere we come upon the enemy at some point. With what anxiety are the soldiers of this army contemplating the results of the next few months which are fast drawing near. Not only the army but those at home are anxiously awaiting to know the fate of our army. Nearly everyone has a son, brother or some near relative here who is about to risk his life amid the dangers of the battlefield. Some will fall. A battle cannot be fought without some lives being lost. Who are the fated ones is the question asked by all of us. None of us think that it is ourselves or at least have a hope that it is not yet. We all run the same risk. I have been lucky thus far but for all of that I may be the first of many to stand in the way of some fatal shell. But I feel it is my duty to stand by my country as long as she is in trouble & if I fall while protecting her right against her enemies I shall die in a noble cause. One for whom thousands have laid down their lives. Am I not ready and willing to do as much if it will help to plant the standard of right over our nation? I am. Is it not better to die than live under the hand of tyranny, despotism?

     Yet when I think of home & friends who are dear I cannot help feeling sad & in a measure dread what is before us. I may pass through unharmed but there are many who will not. They have parents and friends who to them are as dear as mine. It is the same for them to leave them that it is for me. O Mother it is a sad, sad thing to look upon & I would to God that this evil war would cease before another life is lost upon the battlefield. But there are not such thoughts that cheer the soldiers’ hearts as is the thought of the happy days in store for him when he shall have cleared the land of the nations enemies & he shall have laid down his implements of warfare & returned to his home there to meet again his friends & associates & enjoy their society in peace under a reunited government.

     This perhaps is if we move the last letter I shall write to you for some time & may be the last one I shall ever write to you. Dear Mother do not feel sad because I speak thus for your boy is under the protection & guidance of Him who rules the universe. In Him is my trust. His will and mine be done. I go forth ready to receive whatever fate is in store for me.

     Should this be the last time given me to address you I would for your comfort have you know that although I am a wild and sinful boy yet have I remembered my God & through His power & agency have I learned to look for protection amid the trying scenes of life. Through His power alone can I be spared to return to you. Therefore let us trust it all to Him & all will be well in life or in death.

     Write as often as you can. Your letters may not reach us immediately. But it will come round after awhile. Give my love to father & tell him that I would like a taste of his sugar sap & that maybe I will be home next fall before it is all gone…I will close by bidding you goodnight. With much love

 I am ever affectionately your son      

­­                                                                                           H. G. Hill­

At the bottom of this page Horace’s father Ira Hill had written:

This is the last letter written by Lieut. Horace G. Hill to his mother.

                                                                                     Ira A Hill

Hill was killed 13 days later, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness

These Vermont soldiers staved off further defeat at Chancellorsville. The return of a 'lost' painting depicting them is a win-win for Green Mountain State, Texas students

Lyman Orton surrounded by Vermont Civil War Hemlocks (Photo courtesy Mary Admasian)

The story of a 155-year-old Civil War painting and its return to Vermont involves a compelling cast of characters, including a rich Texas oilman, a prominent businessman and an intrepid teacher who discovered the whereabouts of the work.

The canvas depicting soldiers in the Chancellorsville Campaign was produced by Medal of Honor recipient Julian Scott, a 3^rd Vermont Infantry fifer and drummer who took up the brush after the war.

Dubbed “The Fourth Vermont Forming Under Fire,” the painting joins four others made by Scott (below) -- all featuring soldiers from the Green Mountain State – on display in the Cedar Creek Reception Room in the State House in Montpelier. The unveiling occurred Oct. 29.

Remarkably, this is the first time “The Fourth Vermont” has been in the state since shortly after its creation.

Lyman Orton, who heads up The Vermont Country Store and is an avid art collector, purchased the work at auction earlier this year for $110,000. Orton has loaned it to the state for a year. Orton was on hand that day with the Vermont Civil War Hemlocks, a reenactment group.

Vermont historians and others enlisted Orton’s help after Champlain Valley Union High School social studies teacher Tyler Alexander learned the University of Houston was planning to sell the painting to create an endowed scholarship.

The painting’s journey involved several parties, so let’s start from the beginning.

Julian Scott was dedicated to showing valor of soldiers

Scott, a native of Johnson, Vt., received the Medal of Honor for helping to rescue wounded men at Lee’s Mill in Virginia while “under a terrific fire of musketry.” The soldier was just 16 during the April 1862 battle.

Scott was known to make battle and camp sketches during the war. He mustered out in 1863, enrolled in art classes, studied in Europe and became a professional artist upon return. He had a keen eye for detail and dramatic depictions of blue-clad Vermonters.

Lewis A. Grant is believed to be at far left, wearing broad hat and holding sword (Vermont State Curator's Office)

State curator David Schutz provided some context.

“His career as a painter took off with an 1869 battle scene, ‘Rear Guard at White Oak Swamp’ which was purchased by the Union League Club of New York City. That in turn led to a commission by the Vermont Legislature for the large painting (‘The First Vermont Brigade at the Battle of Cedar Creek’) and completed four years later, to be hung in the Vermont State House."

The recently acquired painting apparently features the valor of the 4^th Vermont Regiment as it helped counter Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee’s attempt to wipe out the rest of the Union army as it retreated from the 1863 defeat at Chancellorsville.

The plucky Vermonters protected the 6^th Corps, led by Maj. Gen. John Sedgwick, as it fled across the Rappahannock River at Bank’s Ford, Schutz said.

Click to enlarge text and illustrations (Courtesy Vermont State Curator's Office)

An interpretive panel below the painting says First Vermont Brigade – which included the 4^th Infantry – fought a rearguard action and was the last to cross to safety, “as dawn came to the smoky countryside with artillery striking all around.”

The painting, Alexander and others learned, was commissioned by wealthy New York patent attorney and diplomat Edwin Stoughton to honor his nephews, Charles and Edwin Stoughton, both of whom commanded the 4^th Vermont Regiment. The painting seems to feature brevet Maj. Gen. Lewis A. Grant, commander of the First Vermont Brigade, standing on the left with his drawn saber, according to officials.

Vermonters rallied around plan to buy painting

The painting stayed in the Stoughton family into the 20^th century, said Schutz, adding its provenance is unknown until Texas oilman and cattleman Patrick R. Rutherford bought it for his Houston home in 1983.

A University of Houston spokesperson told the Picket the estate of Rutherford, who died in 2020, donated the “Fourth Vermont” to its Department of History. The aim was for it to be displayed for a time in the department’s office before it could be sold to fund history student scholarships.

The school placed it on auction earlier this year.

Enter Alexander, the school teacher and author.

He was looking for suitable image for the cover of his new book, “If I Can Get Home This Fall: A Story of Love, Loss, and a Cause in the Civil War,” based on letters from Dan Mason, a soldier from the state’s Northeast Kingdom.

Alexander became aware of the painting but apparently no one else in Vermont knew where it was, said Schutz, the state curator.

The University of Houston history department gave Alexander permission to use the image, but told him they planned to sell the original work.

“He alerted us -- and we gathered a group of supporters to come up with a plan that would bring the painting to Vermont,” said Schutz.

That group included Vermont historians Howard Coffin and Kevin Graffagnino. There was no time to secure state funds, so Orton came through with the winning bid.

The businessman is the benefactor of the "For the Love of Vermont" art collection.

Auction proceeds will benefit UH history students

The university had commissioned Simpson Galleries of Houston to sell the work.

Online, the painting was entitled “Vermont Division at Battle of Chancellorsville,” but as Coffin points out, there was no Vermont Division. Instead, the First Vermont Brigade comprised the 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, 5^th and 6^th Vermont regiments.

Grant (right), the brigade commander, won plaudits for his leadership in the Peninsula Campaign, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Cedar Creek, the Wilderness and Petersburg.

He received the Medal of Honor for “personal gallantry and intrepidity displayed in the management of his brigade at Chancellorsville and in leading it in the assault in which he was wounded” on May 3, 1863.

The University of Houston spokesperson told the Picket gains from auction will be used to create an endowed scholarship, “which means it will benefit students in perpetuity.” The first recipients should receive funds in 2027-28, once the endowment fully vests. 

Prof. Catherine F. Patterson, chair of UH's Department of History, said in a statement: “The University of Houston History Department is pleased that this generous gift will both provide scholarships for our students and return this important painting to Vermont, where it holds ties to the state’s Civil War history.

Scott is best known for his depiction of the Battle of Cedar Creek (NPS photo)

Sherman the soldier is back as the heart of an Ohio community. A replica of the granite monument smashed by a big rig in 2022 is set in place for the long haul

Statue at studio in Vermilion and monument installation in LaGrange (Courtesy Cleveland Quarries)

Sherman the flag bearer is again standing tall above the traffic circle in LaGrange, Ohio.

Nearly three years after a tractor trailer smashed the granite Civil War monument, workers installed a replacement Wednesday in time for Memorial Day and a founding celebration for the small community near Cleveland.

“Our community is almost whole. It’s wonderful to see him standing there again,” said LaGrange Township trustee Rita Canfield in a Friday email.

Zachary Carpenter, president of Cleveland Quarries in Vermilion, said the entire process of making the replica monument has gone more smoothly than expected. (At left, Sherman back in place)

“We are all very proud of the work completed and it means a lot to me personally to have been involved in something so historically significant to the area – especially knowing (hoping) that Sherman will be standing in LaGrange for another 100 years.”

While master stone carver Nicholas Fairplay fashioned the statue of the resolute soldier, Carpenter’s company made and finished the blocks below his feet. That includes the names of LaGrange area residents who served during the war, and mentions of a few battles and of Union generals Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman, Philip Sheridan and George Thomas.

“The whole structure is almost 40,000 pounds,” said Carpenter, adding the soldier himself may weigh up to two tons.

So why is the soldier known around the community as Sherman? Yes, the general with that name is from Ohio. But the real reason is because of the four generals represented on the monument, Sherman's name is the one beneath the front of the statue.

Officials in LaGrange were determined to replace the 1903-04 memorial obliterated in June 2022. The monument, which was made up of several pieces, topped by the Union soldier, was shattered by the truck. Even his head was broken off.

The farm community determined the damage was too severe for a repair. After finalizing a $923,244 settlement with the trucking company’s insurance company, LaGrange Township hired Fairplay and Carpenter's company.

Pieces of the monument before assembly this week (LaGrange Township)

They worked from the original statue -- painstakingly glued together by Fairplay and an assistant to use as a template for the new one. He worked in a studio at Cleveland Quarries, which milled the raw form of the replacement statue at its operation in Vermilion.

The return of the fixture at the intersection of routes 301 and 303 (Main Street) coincides with the 200^th anniversary of the township and the 150^th for the village. (They are separate political entities. The monument is owned by the township and is the center point of the village.). 

Joint events on May 24-26 include a car show, pancake breakfast, 5K run, carnival, parade and the statue unveiling on Memorial Day. Members of the LaGrange Historical Society will be present all three days. (More details here)

The original statue was shattered into dozens of pieces, including its head (LaGrange Township)

Canfield said Friday caulking and grout work on the stone will be completed soon.

“The remaining work to be done to the site will be completed after Memorial Day. Due to the weather and the Founder Event planned, we are leaving the existing sidewalk until after Memorial Day weekend," the township official said. "The sprinkler system, grass, general landscaping, lighting and flag pole will wait until the heavy work is done.”

Mayor Gary Kincannon of LaGrange Village told the Picket he was pleased with the return of Sherman, the literal center point of town.

“I grew up in town and used to sit on the statue from 8-9 years old until high school. Something was definitely missing, but back now.”

Veterans of the 7th Georgia Infantry wanted people to know the specific positions they held at Bull Run. They traveled north to place seven markers and remember fallen comrades. You can learn about their effort at a park exhibit closing soon

7th Georgia veterans at an 1897 reunion in Marietta (Georgia Archives), fragment of second position marker, pins showing locations of Manassas markers, and a surviving marker at Ricketts' battery (Picket photos)

The graying veterans of the 7^th Georgia Infantry Regiment – whether convening at a restaurant, saloon or the battlefield – savored snatches of humor amid the serious business of remembering the dead and shared experiences that bonded them for life.

Newspaper articles in Atlanta and Marietta from the early 1870s into the first decade of the 20^th century contained long, florid prose about reunions. Many anecdotes referred to what was on the dinner table.

“Boys, you eat like you did in the army!” former Col. Lucius Gartrell said of a meal featuring fried salmon, trout, deviled crabs, spring chicken, sirloin and cakes.

These lines about a dinner -- as recorded in minutes of the regiment’s 1905 meeting in Groveton, Va. -- likely brought a chuckle:

“There is a charge to be made but not on a battery. There are tables heavily laden with all manner of good things and true to our record we charged, captured and held the fort.”

So it is no surprise the veterans' 1905 visit to the First Manassas (Bull Run) battle in Virginia, where the regiment first spilled and drew blood, promised “a grand and pleasant time and a series of interesting festivities,” according to the Marietta Journal.

Their trip by train was noteworthy for what the warriors planned to do: place six markers indicating where they were positioned during the July 1861 battle and another stone for a position at Second Manassas in August 1862. Other stops during the summer trip included Alexandria, Va., Washington, D.C., Fredericksburg, Richmond and Petersburg.

“We promise a grand and pleasant time and a series of interesting festivities,” the veterans association said, according to the article.

Since that visit, the marble markers fell victim to time, vandals and – possibly – a highway widening, with only two still on the field today, one of them rarely seen by visitors.

An exhibit at Manassas National Battlefield Park, installed in late 2022, contains pieces of two markers and describes the fate of all seven. But you better hurry if you want to see them. The exhibit's two markers are expected to be rotated out on May 21, placed in storage and made available for research by appointment. 

Fragment came 'home' years after it vanished

I learned about the 7^th Georgia markers when I read a park Facebook post in March 2022 describing the return of a chunk from the “second position” marker to the Manassas battlefield.

How the top portion landed at the Country Day School in the upscale Langley neighborhood of McLean – about 45 miles away near the CIA headquarters – remains a mystery.

The son of the school’s director in the 1970s found it while doing construction work on an old barn on the school property. A 1990s Washington Post article about Langley includes a photograph of director Dorothy McCormick holding the stone, described as a tombstone. 

McCormick believed it to be a tombstone for a Georgia boy and it was an indication of the area's historical significance, she told the Post. She kept it on a hearth.

It wasn’t a grave marker, says Manassas National Battlefield Park museum specialist Jim Burgess, who documented the 7^th Georgia position markers and tried to get this one donated to the park 30 years ago after he learned of its discovery. He had no success at the time, given the park had no legal claim because the stone disappeared before the park was established in 1940. 

McCormick kept the stone, apparently for sentimental reasons.

When the director died in 2018, her children sold her home to the school and left the artifact behind. In February 2022, the federal park got a phone call indicating the school’s desire to see the stone back at Manassas.

Burgess believes the lower half of the marker may be the gray stone in the middle of a fireplace, which was built by a farmer on what is now park property.

Jim Burgess points out the grayer stone in a park fireplace (Picket photo)

I stopped by the park last summer to meet with Burgess about the exhibit. He kindly showed me one of the surviving markers and drove me to the fireplace/grill to see the item for myself. It stands out a bit from the other stones and you can readily see how it might match up with the returned piece.

Burgess’ passion about the 7^th Georgia markers is likely matched only by a retired Army lieutenant colonel who served in Vietnam and the 173^rd Airborne Brigade.

He first saw these markers while a young man

To say Henry W. Persons Jr. of Severn, Md., is serious about chronicling the service of the 7^th Georgia Infantry and its brigade wouldn’t quite capture the scope of his passion.

Henry W. Persons Jr. provided this photo of he and his impressive documents 

“I finished my chapter on the battle of Manassas several years ago. It is 214 pages double-spaced with 1,427 footnotes,” he told the Picket.

Persons, 80, has known Burgess for more than 20 years, and they have exchanged notes about the regiment and position markers. The ranger read Persons’ chapter and made some suggestions.

Persons first encountered the 7^th Georgia position markers while walking to Henry Hill in the early 1960s with his father. He later came across what is called the “hidden” marker, which is deep in the woods and rarely seen by park visitors.

The researcher’s passion – perhaps obsession – was a big help to me as I researched this piece. He provided by email numerous newspaper articles, a roster and minutes of meetings held by the regiment’s veterans.

“I have 80 boxes filled with catalog material on Anderson’s brigade,” Persons said.

Brig. Gen. George Thomas “Tige” Anderson (left) was not in command of the brigade at First Manassas but he led it from early 1862 until war’s end.

Regiment suffered big casualties on a big day

The 7^th was mustered into Confederate service in late May 1861. Most of the regiment’s soldiers were from Coweta, Paulding, DeKalb, Franklin, Fulton, Heard and Cobb counties in northern Georgia.

The unit was rushed to Virginia and saw heavy combat at Manassas on July 21, 1861, the first major battle in the Eastern Theater. (Sign at park, Picket photo)

Brigade commander Col. Francis S. Bartow was killed while leading his men against Federal Capt. James B. Ricketts’ battery on Henry Hill during a pivotal moment in the fighting. “One of their men is the first to jump up on the cannon,” said Persons.

The battle swung to the Confederates’ favor late in the day for a victory that left Union forces fleeing to Washington and dashing any hopes on either side for a quick war.

The 7th Georgia suffered a staggering 153 casualties out of 580 men present, according to American Battlefield Trust.

Persons had an ancestor, Aaron Wellborn (Welborn) Mashburn (right), who served with Company E, 7^th Georgia, as a teamster and cook.

“I believe he did participate in First Manassas but that is supposition. My dad didn’t know.”

Persons, who was born in Atlanta, said learning about Mashburn led him to delve deeper into the regiment and brigade, which saw action in numerous, battles including Antietam and Gettysburg. His great-great-grandfather apparently was taken prisoner for a time, but was released and served until the Confederate surrender at Appomattox. He died in 1924 at age 81.

“I was curious what he experienced, having been in war myself.”

Researcher has left no stone unturned

After his 25 years of active duty, the officer retired in Maryland and worked as a civilian for the Army. Research was not new to him, having studied underground operations for Special Forces. He lives south of Baltimore and near Fort Meade.

Persons’ research over the years took him to Emory University on Atlanta, the University of Georgia in Athens and the Georgia Archives, among other institutions. (7th Georgia meeting minutes left, click to enlarge) 

Much of what he found at libraries was on microfilm (He has not conducted research in recent years).

He keeps reams of research and writing about Anderson’s brigade in Hollinger boxes.

“My annotated bibliographies for the brigade and each regiment, battalion and artillery company that was assigned to the brigade numbers some 1,200 single-spaced pages.  It is a wealth of information pertaining to the brigade, its actions and men,” said Persons, who has given several hundreds of pages to the Manassas park archives.

He’d like to see all of this published someday.

'Watching the clouds of dust rising'

I turned to the newspaper articles Persons sent me to gain some insight to the 7^th Georgia veterans and why they got together.

An 1871 reunion included toasts to fallen and current members. “Several hours were passed in recalling the incidents of the war in which they each had taken a part, many of them amusing, many sad, and all of them interesting.”

The men paid tribute to Col. William T. Wilson, who fell at Second Manassas. ”He was the favorite of the regiment, and never will they forget his cheery shouts and words of encouragement to ‘my boys’ as they and he were seeking the thickest of the fights,” recorded the Atlanta Daily Sun.(At right, Burgess in front of exhibit, Picket photo)

An 1885 article recounted details from an evening at an Atlanta saloon.

“Most of them were men considerably past the meridian of life, but a franker, merrier set of men could not be found. There was something of the ring of the camp in their tones and the affectionate pride with which they alluded to their old regiment was as fresh as if they had just been through a campaign.”

The regiment’s flag flew over the dinner. Its words: “Repel the Invader.” The 7^th Georgia veterans, wives and families made at least two trips to Manassas, in 1902 and 1905. (Below, what's left of the "Third Position" marker, Picket photo)

I will leave you with these passages from two unattributed and undated articles about their 1902 journey.

“The Seventh Georgia veterans are here, the guests of Lee camp until tomorrow night, when they board their special for Fredericksburg. The grim old fellows spent the day tramping over battle fields of Manassas and along Bull Run, and a more tired or hungry party of southerners have not stopped off here in many a day. Lee camp and the ladies' auxiliary fixed them up a substantial and dainty repast at their hall, and will provide them with accommodation and interest them in a way that they will remember old Alexandria and her hospitality the balance of their days.”

And this one:

“Just forty one years ago to-day, many of you were standing with me near this spot listening to the rumbling of cannon and caisson on the Centreville pike and watching the clouds of dust rising from the confident tread of advancing thousands, followed by vehicles of different kinds, filled with spectators of both sexes, who had driven from Washington to enjoy the fun of seeing the Rebels run. A few hours later far greater clouds of dust could be seen caused by the furious retreat of these same parties to Washington.”

(Below, a map shows the location of all seven markers)