tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-53820009017733440232024-03-19T04:48:39.049-04:00The Civil War PicketCivil War news, preservation, interviews, archaeology and morePhil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.comBlogger1963125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-8001930398137253532024-03-18T06:44:00.003-04:002024-03-18T17:43:07.498-04:00Lost (stolen), found and sold: 48 portraits from Herb Peck's prized collection, plundered in 1978 Nashville burglary, have new homes after auction<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""><b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/auctions/1-8G0XO0/the-herb-peck-collection-of-civil-war-photography?page=2&limit=36" target="_blank"></a></b></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivDIXhhK7hr0pjbEDRBPEltHR8JNblkOO52MiH1abT0TUu4djq7nfUrXoBr2fJ2V3b82lySunBv3ozUL_LDgyZgOvAvQayi2_PMYA3Tn8J9jfOsk7OyqkbHHUkmxbHP3ID40yJTU5ZHEH69SqiazNVlQWHhEvo6K4QVxrr4WuSaFCvkvOBHWWX-Hj8_GZG/s3205/combo%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1911" data-original-width="3205" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivDIXhhK7hr0pjbEDRBPEltHR8JNblkOO52MiH1abT0TUu4djq7nfUrXoBr2fJ2V3b82lySunBv3ozUL_LDgyZgOvAvQayi2_PMYA3Tn8J9jfOsk7OyqkbHHUkmxbHP3ID40yJTU5ZHEH69SqiazNVlQWHhEvo6K4QVxrr4WuSaFCvkvOBHWWX-Hj8_GZG/w603-h360/combo%202.jpg" width="603" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Florida soldier with carbine; siblings with 3rd Tennessee (Fleischer's Auctions)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/auctions/1-8G0XO0/the-herb-peck-collection-of-civil-war-photography?page=2&limit=36" target="_blank">Forty-eight photographs</a></b>, mostly of young Southern men toting rifles, Bowie knives, revolvers
and fierce gazes, sold for $259,000 (excluding buyer’s premium) at a weekend auction,
pleasing the widow and son of an esteemed collector who curated the images
before they were stolen in 1978.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The family of
Herb Peck Jr. enlisted the help of law enforcement, other collectors and
<b><a href="https://militaryimagesmagazine.com/" target="_blank">Military Images magazine</a></b> in their hunt for 117 images taken during a burglary
at their Nashville home.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Peck <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>began collecting in the 1950s ahead of the
Civil War centennial, amassing one of the<span style="background: white; color: #333333;"> “</span>premier collections of Civil War portrait photography at a time
when the genre’s importance was only first being realized,” said <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/" target="_blank">Fleischer’s Auctions</a></b>.<span style="background: white; color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Peck died at
age 67 in 2004 before any of the photographs were recovered. One was located in
2006, 39 were seized during a 2020 raid and eight more were returned in the
past year.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivfYLOtXy2Ht7filL6FsY2eWMouudT_shfcV-_4mz8NzWyUdugH8aqBNokd9vBRkNNKfW82uYVAPvHOKoADOi26bY9Q_AC2tA0F-sHd3GHlBY75xX1ucK4-13SbcWzIFz1LPN-ntdXn1gYol0MBkVj8TpP1q-qP2omH17BZ42wlLBo84KkCcId-8V2xPdZ/s2048/Peck.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1304" data-original-width="2048" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivfYLOtXy2Ht7filL6FsY2eWMouudT_shfcV-_4mz8NzWyUdugH8aqBNokd9vBRkNNKfW82uYVAPvHOKoADOi26bY9Q_AC2tA0F-sHd3GHlBY75xX1ucK4-13SbcWzIFz1LPN-ntdXn1gYol0MBkVj8TpP1q-qP2omH17BZ42wlLBo84KkCcId-8V2xPdZ/w495-h316/Peck.jpeg" width="495" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Herb Peck Jr. with some of his photos in the 1970s. (Fleischer's Auctions)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Fleischer’s
Auctions said representatives of the family attended the three-hour Saturday
sale in Columbus, Ohio.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">“It’s been an emotional process for everyone involved,” the
company said in an email to The Civil War Picket.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">Adam
Fleischer, in a social media post after the sale, said high interest in the
photographs </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #050505; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">reflected Peck’s eye for quality. “The Peck
family's decision to share Herb’s captivating images with the public, following
decades of uncertainty, resonated deeply with collectors and history
enthusiasts alike.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG_nvR0x15ZJCR7x7CHEMO2oo5hNtsdYLk4jo3-7PPdw-ZFCTzY8Cgdvdkrqfovw-JgjJrvvVfS7FDwFN7O5looumLLfYO4J9yHw2PKfLxY6xSJqWMTrd6p8ZGmBgXfCmNTWUqTrmV7EOl4LtoFSOR8MFUGXQpY3h9Iizv6Z35uYKFDHLa9GktOGpYvJmn/s2200/MI%20cover.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2200" data-original-width="1700" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG_nvR0x15ZJCR7x7CHEMO2oo5hNtsdYLk4jo3-7PPdw-ZFCTzY8Cgdvdkrqfovw-JgjJrvvVfS7FDwFN7O5looumLLfYO4J9yHw2PKfLxY6xSJqWMTrd6p8ZGmBgXfCmNTWUqTrmV7EOl4LtoFSOR8MFUGXQpY3h9Iizv6Z35uYKFDHLa9GktOGpYvJmn/s320/MI%20cover.jpg" width="247" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The top seller Saturday was lot 45, entitled <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJUL/ambrotype-confederate-w-colt-revolving-rifle" target="_blank">“Confederate with Colt Revolving Rifle.”</a></b> It went for $32,200 with the buyer’s premium. The subject
wears an outdated cap topped by a havelock and holds a Model 1855 Colt revolving
rifle. It’s possible he was from Virginia, according to Fleischer’s. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">“This is a masterpiece of Southern photography and I chose it
for the cover (<i>left</i>) that featured the story about Herb's collection,” Ronald S.
Coddington, editor and publisher of Military Images, told the Picket.
(Fleischer’s Auctions is an advertiser with the magazine)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Behind that was lot 34, entitled <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJTZ/ambrotype-masterful-character-study" target="_blank">“Masterful Character Study,”</a></b> which realized $24,300 with the buyer’s premium. The portrait
depicts James and Calvin Walker of the 3<sup>rd</sup> Tennessee Infantry.
Calvin was killed in action in Georgia in 1864, with an eyewitness noting that
nothing was left of his head after he was hit by artillery shrapnel but
“"...[a] chin and rather long whiskers.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">Images going for high prices included a <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJSX/ambrotype-tennessee-infantryman" target="_blank">Tennessee infantryman</a></b>, <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJU5/oppenheimer-ben-florida-soldier-w-carbine" target="_blank">Florida soldier with carbine</a></b> and a <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJT9/ambrotype-iconic-published-portrait" target="_blank">Confederate private</a></b> armed with a </span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #333333;">Model 1842 musket, Bowie knife, and pair of large Colt Navy revolvers</span>.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg97nkAa2lkgYrl17shnXKv-vb5y-6cEBYzytql7F5K9YBYZTinAjEkfQOdl1GbzccmxF8MHqbYusis3WS7AmXPwOPYCBlxep-smGEIbdsrDnLLzxh3UuxubLCQoDwReDvPDmHOG9YFrfkY_a1iyrxmTXHZNnRLZpKH0nAHgipopHqN1M_Uy8U8r0oNlLaR/s1767/Saber.jpeg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1767" data-original-width="1531" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg97nkAa2lkgYrl17shnXKv-vb5y-6cEBYzytql7F5K9YBYZTinAjEkfQOdl1GbzccmxF8MHqbYusis3WS7AmXPwOPYCBlxep-smGEIbdsrDnLLzxh3UuxubLCQoDwReDvPDmHOG9YFrfkY_a1iyrxmTXHZNnRLZpKH0nAHgipopHqN1M_Uy8U8r0oNlLaR/s320/Saber.jpeg" width="277" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span>Coddington
said he <b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJTN/ambrotype-magnificent-portrait" target="_blank">found lot 28</a></b>, a photograph of a Confederate first sergeant, to be
particularly compelling (<i>right, courtesy Fleischer's Auctions</i>).</span><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">He cites <span style="background: white; color: #222222;">“the focal clarity of the image,
the look of the soldier, the way he holds his saber and the unusual paper mat
that was likely used as a substitute for brass mats that were unavailable in
the South due to the blockade and loss of territory.</span>”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial;">Ahead of the sale, Fleischer’s Auctions said the collection
was once thought lost forever.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Coddington, in a <b><a href="https://www.militaryimagesmagazine-digital.com/2023/09/05/searching-for-herb-pecks-images-45-years-after-the-theft-of-his-pre-eminent-collection-an-update-and-a-new-call-to-action/?fbclid=IwAR3R8ztK4Qf2YvW_cbOFh0Iw-yZnH-aE7fmM5IX3ionhlTGcxtWlxx6JlUs" target="_blank">Military Images article</a></b>
about Peck, said photographs from the collection were published in “<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The Civil War” </span>by Ken Burns and in
more than 50 books, magazines and articles, including Time-Life’s “<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The Civil War”</span> series, the “<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Confederate Faces” </span>series and “<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Civil War Times.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-themecolor: text1;">Burglars hit
the Peck home in September 1978, making away with 117 images, cameras and more
than a dozen weapons.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Law enforcement agencies in Tennessee
and the FBI worked on the case as several photographs appeared for sale on
online sites. The FBI office in Indianapolis netted one image in 2006.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmkqCyMgQWRmsKf83guT4BAsMfw7K4sWyQ_LTuvbQNFvJXed31LYY9vAddmnPOgbXorrheS289KIa5KuJAsv_-OFeLZWjWaFraRsISX7P8SkbYFSpk-d2HtYUPVv9ToUycikCH-IBuQpeEVSqmMh5lvMF271wmJvhxyyA-aiT5iBVu46tWkCRhw6eUnFcV/s1795/Musicians.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1795" data-original-width="1581" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmkqCyMgQWRmsKf83guT4BAsMfw7K4sWyQ_LTuvbQNFvJXed31LYY9vAddmnPOgbXorrheS289KIa5KuJAsv_-OFeLZWjWaFraRsISX7P8SkbYFSpk-d2HtYUPVv9ToUycikCH-IBuQpeEVSqmMh5lvMF271wmJvhxyyA-aiT5iBVu46tWkCRhw6eUnFcV/s320/Musicians.jpeg" width="282" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Peck’s son asked Military Images to revive
the case in 2016 and he created a poster showing many of the photographs. The
FBI and police in Ethridge, Tenn., recovered 39 images in an October 2020 raid.
Eight more turned up later. (<i><b><a href="https://bid.fleischersauctions.com/lots/view/1-8LSJT7/tintype-southern-musicians" target="_blank">Southern musicians</a></b> with fife and drum, left</i>)<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">About 70 photographs are still to be
recovered, according to Coddington. The publisher says the family is committed
to their return. “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">Due to the active nature of the investigation
and concerns from the family about jeopardizing the investigation, this is
all I am able to state at this time.”</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Saturday’s auction must have brought
some satisfaction to Peck’s family.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Peck’s widow, Felicity, previously told
Military Images: </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">“I remember how distressed the collectors were at the time of
the burglary. It has always been a comfort to me that others care about the
importance of these images as historical, visible and tangible evidence of this
country.”</span></span><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-29503418449918084802024-03-12T09:36:00.010-04:002024-03-17T17:34:09.988-04:00Photo collector David Vaughan pens essays that detail the rich stories of Georgia soldiers. Still, the vast majority of Civil War images are unidentified<p class="MsoNormal"></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVabKmjChE0RyMNuYFAYDHbXa5tyY4q1HtpRJBsX7KHgZis2u-mgfZvVo8Hv85ldhA8Zt7pbLddo_5QnGmkbniPnr6gmjcKyaqr9wj7oOQMfCMiAnlEy76KLNse-S7R8s01a6ysFlUjmymX1UfctszKSCKrqOWs8HOp-OmGM0z6M16ADwron0nUdATTJi-/s2995/Top%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2745" data-original-width="2995" height="553" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVabKmjChE0RyMNuYFAYDHbXa5tyY4q1HtpRJBsX7KHgZis2u-mgfZvVo8Hv85ldhA8Zt7pbLddo_5QnGmkbniPnr6gmjcKyaqr9wj7oOQMfCMiAnlEy76KLNse-S7R8s01a6ysFlUjmymX1UfctszKSCKrqOWs8HOp-OmGM0z6M16ADwron0nUdATTJi-/w603-h553/Top%20combo.jpg" width="603" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">David W. Vaughan at 2023 Phoenix flies (Picket photo) and images of Georgia soldiers <br />William Raines, Randolph Spalding and Alfred Cantrell, described below (David Wynn Vaughan Collection)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">David Wynn Vaughan enjoys the thrill of the hunt.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white;">The longtime collector of photographs depicting Confederate soldiers -- many from Georgia -- has a seasoned eye for ones that stand out. </span>“I
love (subjects) that are heavily armed,” he says. “I love tinted photographs.
It crosses over to artwork to me.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan’s pursuit doesn’t end at a purchase. He becomes that
soldier’s storyteller, researching and writing a modest biography that
highlights service, combat and the subject’s personal attributes – heroic and
perhaps less so.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan will talk about his passion <b><a href="https://www.eventbrite.com/e/phoenix-flies-2024-southern-photography-in-the-american-civil-war-tickets-839591640197" target="_blank">Wednesday evening in Atlanta</a></b> and
show pictures of a dozen or more soldiers and give an overview of their wartime
lives. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">I attended Vaughan’s captivating talk last year at the
Atlanta Preservation Center, the same site for this week’s “Southern
Photography in the American Civil War.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirsJqOSQ5nyVgQpyGycrEX3gjMo6Uldq8pWNNcIq8zWouSotvOPJK3RO4Fj65DuidHpaiSQbLInLAuy32rCoZOIMQyFUUzqP7Wmh5St16HIliPVJaPw0M68RkyQ6ljrwWMDLm9N6y2xi_5QQl2N0i2motYUWIO2PEfMhw3QB-u5Iqlz9OSm0LmjjsTlZPI/s640/Vaughan%202.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="480" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirsJqOSQ5nyVgQpyGycrEX3gjMo6Uldq8pWNNcIq8zWouSotvOPJK3RO4Fj65DuidHpaiSQbLInLAuy32rCoZOIMQyFUUzqP7Wmh5St16HIliPVJaPw0M68RkyQ6ljrwWMDLm9N6y2xi_5QQl2N0i2motYUWIO2PEfMhw3QB-u5Iqlz9OSm0LmjjsTlZPI/w298-h397/Vaughan%202.jpeg" width="298" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The program is part of the center’s <b><a href="https://preservationatlanta.com/phoenix-flies/" target="_blank">annual Phoenix Flies</a></b>.
Participants over several weeks can attend the “preservation celebration” at
scores of sites across the Atlanta area.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The collector told me he is <span style="background: white;">going to add some new material and speak
about research discoveries since March 2023.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The internet has been a huge boost since Vaughan began
collecting some 40 years ago. “It has totally changed my collecting habit. I
look at history as much as the photo,” he tells the Picket. (<i>Photo at left courtesy David Wynn Vaughan Collection</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan, <b><a href="https://www.davidvaughanhomes.com/?fbclid=IwAR1E_n4wV3CB-mBAfZv2IeFogVpHClq4Gl-KKMFwWcqwLzqUKoPZ0u0iooA" target="_blank">an Atlanta Realtor</a></b>, is well-known in Civil War
photography circles for his premier collection of hundreds of images and his precise
research.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">About 50 of his photos and biographies have been published in <b><a href="https://www.georgiabackroads.com/" target="_blank">Georgia Backroads magazine</a></b>, with 8-12 hours of work going into each profile. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;">“David Vaughan is a terrific resource for Georgia history,”
says Dan Roper, editor and publisher of Georgia Backroads. “His Civil War
photograph collection is superb and he does a great job finding and writing
backstories.”</span><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan’s<span style="background: white;"> efforts garnered some national attention some 15 years ago
in an article in <b><a href="https://gardenandgun.com/articles/a-life-in-pictures/" target="_blank">Garden & Gun</a></b>, a copy of which sits in a framed case at
home (below). His photographs have also appeared
in <b><a href="https://militaryimagesmagazine.com/" target="_blank">Military Images</a></b>, including one depicting a fighting minister.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Jf45E7SDDHmpEP-b1hoOTh2aouXxS4Kh6aA5KX4HiBdiGLWZEfR0SgFw2Gs74_mJ8xEDHIcSKeKmQQUrVADkSM4xwW_2jhbSowFmlEBy5vVGKnkwbJUKLnOS9zSxhtIpvFRX-DNuLciJ3XZArEYppBOC7Jgf2f0MS1S7CwOKd2g83R-7A1ZiwarX4fjY/s563/Vaughan%203.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="386" data-original-width="563" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Jf45E7SDDHmpEP-b1hoOTh2aouXxS4Kh6aA5KX4HiBdiGLWZEfR0SgFw2Gs74_mJ8xEDHIcSKeKmQQUrVADkSM4xwW_2jhbSowFmlEBy5vVGKnkwbJUKLnOS9zSxhtIpvFRX-DNuLciJ3XZArEYppBOC7Jgf2f0MS1S7CwOKd2g83R-7A1ZiwarX4fjY/w466-h319/Vaughan%203.jpeg" width="466" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Courtesy of David Wynn Vaughan)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">“Every time I buy a new portrait, I’m
off on a new tangent,” Vaughan told </span><span style="background: white;">Garden & Gun<span style="color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">. “I research each one, so I get to learn and grow. I chase down their
history, their letters, their thoughts. It’s enriching. And it’s surprising.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">During his presentations, Vaughan
weaves anecdotes about how he came to acquire some of the images – being strung
along by sellers or learning fascinating details about a soldier from
descendants.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">He has about 100 photographs of Georgia
soldiers. </span>“You can literally put a book together on some of these
guys.”<span style="background: white; color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> Among the men he has researched for
Georgia Backroads:</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdzLbm00p1YfvRhJuQrMMF-Lqo1MhO71r2I2F7UCYbOZL02SNmW7MsGBD6J5gsQq5YEwP3QiBH9JOXSRJLdi-4oXErU280fJH7GWXl-SqGB-F9m_TyVDjEaSnnWhknKEmsGu-RI4vw7lcu2t0i49CQiPIWCHrnC0iwy7tSJ88jPyXJ1O4vs2A1ny7HYNpx/s2286/Private%20Alfred%20Webb%20Cantrell,%20Co.%20H,%20Cobb's%20Legion%20Cavalry.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2286" data-original-width="1890" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdzLbm00p1YfvRhJuQrMMF-Lqo1MhO71r2I2F7UCYbOZL02SNmW7MsGBD6J5gsQq5YEwP3QiBH9JOXSRJLdi-4oXErU280fJH7GWXl-SqGB-F9m_TyVDjEaSnnWhknKEmsGu-RI4vw7lcu2t0i49CQiPIWCHrnC0iwy7tSJ88jPyXJ1O4vs2A1ny7HYNpx/s320/Private%20Alfred%20Webb%20Cantrell,%20Co.%20H,%20Cobb's%20Legion%20Cavalry.JPG" width="265" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">-- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pvt. Alfred Webb
Cantrell of Cobb’s Legion cavalry (right): </b>Cantrell was one of three brothers to join
up. His unit fought at Brandy Station and skirmishes leading up to Gettysburg,
and later Petersburg. Cantrell took part in every engagement except when in
Georgia in 1864 to help procure horses. After the war, Cantrell took his family
to Warrensburg, Mo., where he died in 1917 at age 75. Cantrell poses in the
ambrotype with a revolver and cavalry saber. He wears a nine-button shell
jacket and an oval Georgia state seal buckle, upside down for some reason.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- </span><b style="font-family: arial;">Col. Randolph Spalding, 29<sup>th</sup> Georgia: </b><span style="font-family: arial;">Spalding was a member of a prominent family on the Georgia coast. His unit was stationed in Savannah and South Carolina, and he was reported by a sergeant to be “shamefully drunk” before battle at Fort Walker. An officer in another unit said Spalding attached himself as a private to a South Carolina regiment and fought throughout the day. He resigned for unknown reasons in December 1861 and died of pneumonia at age 39 in Savannah.</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">A newspaper said “a more generous and kind-hearted man never lived.” The ambrotype of Spalding depicts him in a double-breasted jacket, with three stars on his collar. He strikes a Napoleonic pose, with hand in jacket.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmHFZM4tK_n-DVgvoUKrlq1PkI2m4DVqirEgBS9ATjd5akFdOFDmBtUPEinzfSaPVuQlwm0lGNgmIu6X4RSr7QxGEwpsb2qnc6_r6A16GPR3U3qaIR5LVDqRvjPk7J-YvCCEMQAauEJnsYtDts6cc933ygeUCWGx6sFDTcCxWTYIoPrIBZuwvIqUsO21YU/s2175/Pattillo%20Bros.%20Co.K,%2023rd%20GVI,%20quarter%20plate%20ambrotype.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1674" data-original-width="2175" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmHFZM4tK_n-DVgvoUKrlq1PkI2m4DVqirEgBS9ATjd5akFdOFDmBtUPEinzfSaPVuQlwm0lGNgmIu6X4RSr7QxGEwpsb2qnc6_r6A16GPR3U3qaIR5LVDqRvjPk7J-YvCCEMQAauEJnsYtDts6cc933ygeUCWGx6sFDTcCxWTYIoPrIBZuwvIqUsO21YU/w475-h366/Pattillo%20Bros.%20Co.K,%2023rd%20GVI,%20quarter%20plate%20ambrotype.jpg" width="475" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Photos courtesy David Wynn Vaughan Collection)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">--<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> Pattillo brothers:</b>
Left to right in the portrait above are Benjamin, George, James and John Pattillo,
who served in Company K of the 22<sup>nd</sup> Georgia Infantry from Henry
County. The regiment took part in “prolonged, arduous campaigns” from Seven
Pines, Gettysburg and Cold Harbor to the Petersburg trenches and surrender at
Appomattox. Benjamin died at Second Manassas and James and John were wounded
during the war. The 1861 ambrotype features Corsican cap covers over their
kepis. The brothers hold Bowie knives and George’s shell jacket has red tape
trim on either side of the buttons.</span></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAxo_1-eBuSduiPbg3wrIUp1j3DjghLh3kvw4lCyWaSLBbTWrxgzkZ8ublCUHPTJGlNLyRehWWLofPF72rNo-Ec0STPvDL7m5CG-Vb0jTNWjHJ6n-I5K_HeVUxCxqVr8-NaiYdMbMDXghtdJUZgH_-_zZG1Y0UUbIKqAapuPVly5XMNEaSmP6OL1X-gX7T/s2286/Wm%20Raines%209th%20GA,%20KIA%20at%20Battle%20of%20Knoxville.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2286" data-original-width="2000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAxo_1-eBuSduiPbg3wrIUp1j3DjghLh3kvw4lCyWaSLBbTWrxgzkZ8ublCUHPTJGlNLyRehWWLofPF72rNo-Ec0STPvDL7m5CG-Vb0jTNWjHJ6n-I5K_HeVUxCxqVr8-NaiYdMbMDXghtdJUZgH_-_zZG1Y0UUbIKqAapuPVly5XMNEaSmP6OL1X-gX7T/s320/Wm%20Raines%209th%20GA,%20KIA%20at%20Battle%20of%20Knoxville.jpg" width="280" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">-- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Sgt. William Green
Gaither Raines, 9<sup>th</sup> Georgia Infantry: </b>The Walton County, Ga.,
man and his regiment fought in Virginia at first. It suffered brutal casualty
numbers at Gettysburg and Raines was wounded a few days later. He died on Nov.
18, 1863, during a skirmish around Knoxville, Tenn. He was about 29. His
brother, Littleton, died a few weeks later during an assault on Fort Sanders in
Knoxville. In an ambrotype, Raines wears a seven-button jacket and the image is
housed in a handmade case with a rare black embossed paper mat. “There was a
shortage of photographic supplies in the South because of the Union naval
blockade,” Vaughan wrote in Georgia Backroads, and photographers improvised by
making their own cases<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAJtALDlRO3ZSrh-F40pWbzMJGRA2rhiOfp5jKKW1wiTsl0h3bXaYiy_iNvZ3iPLVm9uvvv7t6HQE3NM-idGRPRRJPHnsvBN1ys7W07cZ-UYSW9M-yxfboNu41g2FnL5u69uxLIUz3Pa7tK0meQy2fO6PrSm8CdXMXjMFp2GMMgnYPTn-Z7ZjaiMA8nBp/s1214/Colonel%20John%20R.%20Hart,%206th%20GA%20Cavalry.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1214" data-original-width="729" height="372" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAJtALDlRO3ZSrh-F40pWbzMJGRA2rhiOfp5jKKW1wiTsl0h3bXaYiy_iNvZ3iPLVm9uvvv7t6HQE3NM-idGRPRRJPHnsvBN1ys7W07cZ-UYSW9M-yxfboNu41g2FnL5u69uxLIUz3Pa7tK0meQy2fO6PrSm8CdXMXjMFp2GMMgnYPTn-Z7ZjaiMA8nBp/w223-h372/Colonel%20John%20R.%20Hart,%206th%20GA%20Cavalry.jpg" width="223" /></a></div>-- <b style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;">Col. John Hart, 6<sup>th</sup> Georgia Cavalry (right): </b><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;">“Although a man of the cloth, he loved hard liquor and single women,” Vaughan wrote in Georgia Backroads. Hart used his hot temper and Rebel yell to lead charges. He was wounded in July 1864 near Atlanta and got into a row a month later with another officer, leading to talk of a duel. His regiment chased the Union army all the way to Durham, N.C. The officer returned to Floyd County, where he died in 1878 at age 52. In his portrait, Hart wears a seven-button, double-breasted frock coat, and the stars on his collar and gold braid denote has rank as colonel.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Ode to just a boy: 'Not knowing your real enemy'</span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Roper of Georgia Backroads says</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial;">Vaughan’s “photos are terrific and have drawn a lot of interest from readers.”</span></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan, as a freelancer, provided a photograph of a Union soldier for the spring 2011 issue of Georgia Backroads. <b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGxA2q_E-Zg" target="_blank">Pvt. Rasho Crane</a></b>, a musician with the 7<sup>th</sup> Wisconsin Infantry, was captured at the Wilderness and died at Andersonville prison in Georgia. His <b><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29585732/rasho-crane?fbclid=IwAR141RuTLjVGGwlljQi6Awdl002seDq-36Pskdk4HcBIDDgO4_hQ_qULUuM" target="_blank">grave marker </a></b>gives his last name as Cram.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #222222;">Crane was only 15 when he died, just a few months after enlistment. The magazine says it chose Crane for the cover as representative of the huge human loss at Camp Sumter (Andersonville).</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRKKeJ_HykE7_HrfCZedCD2oIr2Jm3RRDaio6klskdx4U3yORGTLAMxhqqgvLrPT9yvXmF85RHu_gz7wQoSyGmIdPw_7HFxtf4Uc61y3iMz8MQ0TrnVXVa6k5p6cQNF_a_0tnk3kxfaJcHL2UHecw7xzN1PV-HM3mn73VzeVWoaf5cH_KblFm1-oPLW1-7/s1650/Backroads%20spring%202011.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1650" data-original-width="1275" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRKKeJ_HykE7_HrfCZedCD2oIr2Jm3RRDaio6klskdx4U3yORGTLAMxhqqgvLrPT9yvXmF85RHu_gz7wQoSyGmIdPw_7HFxtf4Uc61y3iMz8MQ0TrnVXVa6k5p6cQNF_a_0tnk3kxfaJcHL2UHecw7xzN1PV-HM3mn73VzeVWoaf5cH_KblFm1-oPLW1-7/s320/Backroads%20spring%202011.jpg" width="247" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The publication of Crane’s photo <span style="color: #222222;">inspired writer Emma Cottrell, then in her 80s, to drive to Andersonville, find Crane’s grave, lay two roses on it and then write a poem about the photo and his story, says Roper. </span></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Cottrell’s poem reads, in part:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;">“I stand before your grave, Rasho Crane,<br />far from Wisconsin and the waters of Lake Michigan:<br />the green fields of Kenosha.<br />I saw your photograph in a magazine;<br />a Union boy, a stranger, someone’s son.<br />Pathos struck my heart and I could not choose<br />but follow you to this place. In the strange<br />silence growing round me, I close my eyes<br />and see you again; young, hot-blooded,<br />impatient -- lured from home to fight,<br />not knowing your real enemy was Fate.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><span style="background-color: transparent;"><i>-- <span style="color: #222222;">Emma Cottrell and Georgia Backroads</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Who is this man whose photo was put in Macon time capsule?</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Civil War-era photos of identified soldiers, of course, are a
premium for collectors and that’s who <a href="https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100063007251062" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Vaughan generally</a><b> </b>acquires. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">“You can find out so many nuances of the
images, based on the identity of the soldier,” Vaughan told me. “You can find
where it was made, when it was made. It could be a first- or second-issue
uniform.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">He does occasionally buy unidentified images
and has been able to learn their names in about a half dozen cases. But it’s
tough.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv2J4lDoDF_1A0e-7RmiquUQdG7mDwD-hnns2CXjgr0UG1Hk4ygltkKxg6zmwHnA0EZ71k5oXE9iYHu2SPOPGxVtiTmkdaf2nmZqiokFEmfS25cTV3Lgzxw7Tl9fPVX3xr6HZJ3igN2Vw0JiWZlg1Ek7LBpk2bNsgu2ApFSmevoC4GK4_cyMqu4KHbuSOa/s541/Macon%20capsule.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="374" data-original-width="541" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv2J4lDoDF_1A0e-7RmiquUQdG7mDwD-hnns2CXjgr0UG1Hk4ygltkKxg6zmwHnA0EZ71k5oXE9iYHu2SPOPGxVtiTmkdaf2nmZqiokFEmfS25cTV3Lgzxw7Tl9fPVX3xr6HZJ3igN2Vw0JiWZlg1Ek7LBpk2bNsgu2ApFSmevoC4GK4_cyMqu4KHbuSOa/w529-h365/Macon%20capsule.jpg" width="529" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 11.88px;">Officials hope to verify the identity of this man (Historic Macon Foundation)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Cannonball House in Macon, Ga., reached
out to Vaughan <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2022/09/macons-cannonball-house-will-display.html" target="_blank">for help identifying a man</a></b> whose ambrotype or tintype image was
in a time capsule placed under the base of a Confederate monument in 1878. (The
monument was moved in 2022 and the weathered time capsule was opened.)<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: black;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrEsKIy_R9ql4jx3dB4Jsi4RHKv48JaW5ITICAxG87HzJLiv_eHa83ReTwkcLx_cafX9-ymd_waPWuvb8TEmh8ZpNXcJFzE1pfzXr6BkMTFe-96V0Rglvy95yVAxERiEdi1R5qcjmS_Ay-N_dYeHoDpdka40MfFNs4qKbFDFt94LDfiKloq45rVbN6crrn/s949/Macon%20detail.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="949" data-original-width="838" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrEsKIy_R9ql4jx3dB4Jsi4RHKv48JaW5ITICAxG87HzJLiv_eHa83ReTwkcLx_cafX9-ymd_waPWuvb8TEmh8ZpNXcJFzE1pfzXr6BkMTFe-96V0Rglvy95yVAxERiEdi1R5qcjmS_Ay-N_dYeHoDpdka40MfFNs4qKbFDFt94LDfiKloq45rVbN6crrn/w253-h286/Macon%20detail.jpg" width="253" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The man likely was a Civil War veteran, given the monument
was topped by a marble Confederate soldier holding a rifle, and he appears to
wear a uniform. Are the crutches he holds the result of a battle injury or did
the need to use them rise after war’s end?</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan says the crutches stand out and raise
many questions. He believes the man is possibly wearing a Confederate jacket,
but it’s tough to tell whether it has military buttons. There is no insignia,
but Vaughan believes it may be a navy-use coat.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">“He was probably lucky to be alive. He was
convalescing. It could have been made in a studio or could have been in a camp.
It is important for him to be photographed with crutches.”</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;">
Research leads enthusiasts down many rabbit holes as they seek an identity. </span><span style="color: #222222;">“We don’t know who he is. More times than not you are so far
off-base,” says Vaughan.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #222222;">Cheryl Aultman, executive director of the Cannonball House, confirmed on March 17 the man remains unidentified.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Tough battle to identify the unknown photo subjects</span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2018/02/behind-every-civil-war-picture-there-is.html" target="_blank">Ronald S. Coddington</a></b>, editor and publisher of
Military Images, explains why so many Civil War photographs pose identification
challenges.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Hard-plate
photos, including daguerreotypes, ambrotypes, and tintypes, tend to be
less identified because it was not easy to do so. The most common practice was
to tuck a note, and maybe a lock of hair, poem, or other items, into the case
behind the image,” Coddington wrote in an email. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Less common
is writing on the back of the image plate, or scratching a name into the
surface emulsion. Paper photographs, including cartes de visite and other
albumen prints, were much easier to identify because identifying
information could be written directly on the print surface, or, more commonly,
the mount. I estimate maybe 5 percent of hard plates and 20 percent of paper
photos are identified, though not all are airtight.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFtjrp9W5-miCYGMj9kyBBfeUJ4tB3GEEfvf1DzVAgZ9B4S7wne6jevGLHPqrCi2BP5gi6U-OpuZ_JwHSWXp5ewCmQ4sZ82v8RSWwBtDD1LPHoxFkyzwZlSV9habX4IKwSkGGZr-7XQOJkhkZj03G7bbBpHxjdK1nY3FxyIyHGumby7eweSwFf_FT7Xyqb/s1154/Coddington.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1002" data-original-width="1154" height="391" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFtjrp9W5-miCYGMj9kyBBfeUJ4tB3GEEfvf1DzVAgZ9B4S7wne6jevGLHPqrCi2BP5gi6U-OpuZ_JwHSWXp5ewCmQ4sZ82v8RSWwBtDD1LPHoxFkyzwZlSV9habX4IKwSkGGZr-7XQOJkhkZj03G7bbBpHxjdK1nY3FxyIyHGumby7eweSwFf_FT7Xyqb/w449-h391/Coddington.jpg" width="449" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ron Coddington at the Chickamauga Civil War Show in 2018 (Picket photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Cartes de visite (CDVs) were easier and
cheaper to produce and were given out in larger numbers.</span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Internet sites, notably Civil War Faces on
Facebook and Civil War Photo Sleuth, are a boon to professional collectors and
amateurs wanting to put a name to a face.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #222222;"><a href="http://Civilwarphotosleuth.com"><b>Civilwarphotosleuth.com</b></a> </span>has
made it possible to use face recognition in combination with classic photo
sleuthing techniques to identify soldiers and sailors, says Coddington, who
recommended I upload the Macon image there.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">I did so in
November 2022, asking others to weigh in. I compared his face to possible
matches, but have had no luck thus far in identifying him.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibvSa_-1ZOR8hujidDzAieRO6NTrZo6MiD-Bdy66qgtBPztgKo9aCwofnsA9wdQ-0zZv2VitPFxegxH3IZp2n8RVhQJGGFXCInbqWnrbo6rH79gz9cwlHkasyVIb9EBglXjGT68pZSyg-rZxzvy0uLMZaOTF9FKE7mDj90_fAIhZD5ON67T8pWNSyKMWOQ/s2016/IMG_7099.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1512" data-original-width="2016" height="339" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibvSa_-1ZOR8hujidDzAieRO6NTrZo6MiD-Bdy66qgtBPztgKo9aCwofnsA9wdQ-0zZv2VitPFxegxH3IZp2n8RVhQJGGFXCInbqWnrbo6rH79gz9cwlHkasyVIb9EBglXjGT68pZSyg-rZxzvy0uLMZaOTF9FKE7mDj90_fAIhZD5ON67T8pWNSyKMWOQ/w453-h339/IMG_7099.jpg" width="453" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">David W. Vaughan at last spring's Phoenix Flies talk (Civil War Picket)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">A Georgia
photo collector uploaded the photograph on Civil War Faces. <span style="background: white; color: black;">An inventory of the 1878 time capsule
lists H.C. Tindall of Macon as the donor of the photograph and a miniature
Confederate flag worn by a soldier.<b> <a href="http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/bibb/newspapers/confeder2652gnw.txt" target="_blank">Another source gives</a> </b></span><span style="background: white; color: black;">his name as M.C. Tillman.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="font-family: arial;">That post did not yield any concrete answers, and it’s not
certain whether the subject is a Tindall or Tillman – or someone else.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Another contributing factor to the high number of
unidentified portraits is they were never intended for public consumption.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“These were
personal, family artifacts to be cherished. In many cases, names were not
required because the recipient knew the sitter,” Coddington writes.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">
<!--[endif]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Concerns about loss of context and provenance</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Those who
want to get into serious collecting can expect to spend significant money.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan tells
the Picket he rarely discuss prices <span style="background: white; color: #222222;">“because
it opens up a Pandora's box of possibilities.” Many factors determine value and
it can be difficult for the beginning collector or dealer to grasp because
every image is an original and the price is greatly determined from
the subject matter, he says.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;">“Some of the first images I purchased over 30 years ago were
in the hundreds of dollars. Quality Confederate and Union images have
continued to climb in value. Expect to pay several thousand dollars for a
clear, armed and identified image.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnxDKB2NiGqu91T7phcmkXQMfH4ZJTo69HQXMgpLm7aNwoSV927F0kj5pHS0lOjdGHGTzSVlr9MBbwOyosccCrdqJopjJfg7BBT6pYh1i1y8DO0R63iNbEH5VhAE26UQ9Ojsz3dye6ovEHabXSXOL8QJFq0w2s7d_8mXOPg5WyM__yeXhO1MsNPNNGj5k8/s640/Vaughan%20detail.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnxDKB2NiGqu91T7phcmkXQMfH4ZJTo69HQXMgpLm7aNwoSV927F0kj5pHS0lOjdGHGTzSVlr9MBbwOyosccCrdqJopjJfg7BBT6pYh1i1y8DO0R63iNbEH5VhAE26UQ9Ojsz3dye6ovEHabXSXOL8QJFq0w2s7d_8mXOPg5WyM__yeXhO1MsNPNNGj5k8/w477-h358/Vaughan%20detail.jpg" width="477" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Part of a very big collection (Courtesy of David Wynn Vaughan)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Coddington
points out that collectible items can lose their context – and perhaps identity
-- over time.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“As images
became separated from families and moved into the marketplace they often became
separated from diaries, letters, uniforms, weapons and equipment. Breaking up
these personal items resulted in more money for the sellers, who could find
more buyers for single items rather than a single buyer willing to spend a lot
of money to buy an entire intact collection. As a result, many single artifacts
made their way into collections of those who really appreciated them, but at
the cost of destroying the provenance and context.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan says
he wants his collection to be kept together, wherever it ends up.
“It would be hard to put it back together again” if they were sold off
individually, he says.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The collector
acknowledges he is in essence a custodian of the photographs. “I only own them
for a while.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Vaughan’s talk Wednesday at the
Atlanta Preservation Center, 327 St. Paul Avenue SE, Atlanta, Ga. 30312<span style="background: white; color: #6f7287;">, </span>begins at 7 p.m. <b><a href="https://www.eventbrite.com/e/phoenix-flies-2024-southern-photography-in-the-american-civil-war-tickets-839591640197" target="_blank">You can register for free admission here</a></b>. Event capacity is limited.</span></i></p><p></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-49468851534797120462024-03-09T19:19:00.000-05:002024-03-09T19:19:42.140-05:00Union officer brought formerly enslaved family to Minnesota after war<p><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">Brad Edgerton
takes particular pride in one simple gesture amid his great-great-grandfather's
many accomplishments: After commanding a regiment of Black soldiers during the
Civil War, Alonzo Edgerton invited a family born into slavery to join him when
he returned home to Minnesota. </span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif"; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> "Everyone
knows the North was sympathetic to Black people, but Alonzo walked the walk and
followed up the talk with philanthropy for a family he loved,” said Brad
Edgerton. <b><a href="https://www.startribune.com/civil-war-officer-brought-formerly-enslaved-family-to-minnesota/600349751/" target="_blank">-- Article</a></b></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-62286288430517657502024-02-28T09:37:00.012-05:002024-03-03T07:56:23.379-05:00Artillery Capt. William Hawley was wounded at Monocacy. The New Yorker's conserved kepi and frock coat will be part of revamped park museum in Md.<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR6pmUcWZO9uk7vR510iPhGYmPmtwsynVHFbodxveLd2sKFFwX9pzHjJZfJD9pOf_lm13IogNNKNZ8W1HdQqH3sOYdMiTABaEuInmF3WUq3LH4sGvpkXXRIDXKPFa6AraBeDw_70yVUaM8iRAPd0uKp7fHuEAb8xVTZ7ck6vQN09S98riKK8sXh5tF1NfP/s1078/Hawley%205.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="980" data-original-width="1078" height="529" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR6pmUcWZO9uk7vR510iPhGYmPmtwsynVHFbodxveLd2sKFFwX9pzHjJZfJD9pOf_lm13IogNNKNZ8W1HdQqH3sOYdMiTABaEuInmF3WUq3LH4sGvpkXXRIDXKPFa6AraBeDw_70yVUaM8iRAPd0uKp7fHuEAb8xVTZ7ck6vQN09S98riKK8sXh5tF1NfP/w581-h529/Hawley%205.jpg" width="581" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Capt. Hawley's frock coat and kepi in a 2nd-floor exhibit at Monocacy (NPS photo)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">A mended kepi
belonging to a New York officer wounded <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2021/12/if-he-died-this-pennsylvania-soldier.html" target="_blank">at Monocacy</a></b> has been returned to
the Maryland battlefield ahead of a planned overhaul of its museum.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Capt. William
Hawley, Company E, 9<sup>th</sup> New York Heavy Artillery, was wounded in the
arm on July 9, 1864. His hat and frock coat have been on display at <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/mono/index.htm" target="_blank">Monocacy National Battlefield</a></b> near Frederick since 2007.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">Tracy Evans, <span style="background: white; color: black;">acting chief or resource education and visitor
services at the park, said <b><a href="https://www.caringfortextiles.com/" target="_blank">Caring for Textiles</a></b> of Washington, D.C., patched </span></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 small holes in the kepi's wool and reattached several open seams,
including the leather trim.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">At Monocacy, outnumbered Federals delayed Confederates bent on taking
Washington. </span></span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">Union artillery did a lot to slow the Confederate advance, despite
the latter having more guns. Jubal Early did not use the majority of his ordnance because he believed only militia was in his way. (Hawley's unit served as infantry at Monocacy.)</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">By the time Rebel troops reached the capital’s outskirts, Union reinforcements had arrived. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQVD0LQOIKC_RR3HOYQH8i-O-6zh-HSyYPgGET6fBViUryBVJCOdxbg7ahXL_bNu8tEJgx82f-VCIPb-sl320ZTESB_SyeXTBWtJurT68AG_DyyM-cb6a899oWk8Dr1vjqg9P-GZeFrEzeqvi1hU5cUzLoIEsiMXtVwPxuKWF-Ydlc829fQxV-e344aQ32/s1080/Hawley%203.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQVD0LQOIKC_RR3HOYQH8i-O-6zh-HSyYPgGET6fBViUryBVJCOdxbg7ahXL_bNu8tEJgx82f-VCIPb-sl320ZTESB_SyeXTBWtJurT68AG_DyyM-cb6a899oWk8Dr1vjqg9P-GZeFrEzeqvi1hU5cUzLoIEsiMXtVwPxuKWF-Ydlc829fQxV-e344aQ32/w287-h287/Hawley%203.jpg" width="287" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Park officials say the revamped museum will tell more of the <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2016/04/saving-my-soul-bullet-struck-bibles.html" target="_blank">individual stories</a></b> of soldiers
and others. (<i>Hawley's frock coat at left, NPS photo</i>)</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“The
currently fiber-optic battle map will become a much larger map in the center of
the museum that will be accessible,” Evans said in an email. “Surrounding
exhibits will talk about all the people who lived on the farms, and how their stories
intersect with the war and the <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/videos/battle-monocacy?ms=googlepaid&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAiA0PuuBhBsEiwAS7fsNYXXAYaecl98HoQhaksl6qgTvyIIGWIiDAYvUQW0Cib9vn65NSJ7OBoClLEQAvD_BwE" target="_blank">Battle of Monocacy</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“It will also
explore information about the campaign, battle, soldiers, post-battlefield hospital,
(and) aftermath of the war/memorialization/effect of postwar on the people the
war ultimately freed,” the ranger said.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Park officials anticipate the visitor center museum will close for renovation in September and reopen prior to Thanksgiving. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Collector
Richard Abel, in a comment on the <b><a href="https://www.facebook.com/profile/100064846771946/search/?q=Hawley" target="_blank">park’s Facebook post</a></b> about the kepi, said the Hawley cap and the coat were purchased from the family via an antique store in
Gettysburg, Pa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: #050505; font-family: arial;">“I was always proud of this gift, to return the uniform to
where it belongs, the field of battle, & to be viewed by the public,” he
said. Abel donated many items, which were first kept at <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/mono/learn/historyculture/gambrill_mill.htm" target="_blank">Gambrill Mill </a></b>when it
served as park headquarters.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: #050505; font-family: arial;">Evans said Abel’s donations helped make up for a shortage
of artifacts at the time. She added officials do not know whether Hawley wore that specific kepi and coat at Monocacy, only that he had them during the war.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: #050505; font-family: arial;">Hawley was in his early 40s when he enrolled in Auburn as a lieutenant in the 138<sup>th</sup> New York Infantry in August 1862. The unit was designated as the 9<sup>th</sup> New York Heavy Artillery a few months later.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: #050505; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9TOeDr0T8wqLP3k7MGWbZWa8_KY3oSho3GJC5ss7FqzwhzwW8v0hXyO2rAHB1LTf26ehzQWVmBXnuFkH5yjtITmyJCdPTNFPrVRdt8h05Y7OBFw5Uvnjs-U7DSAEKSX-5RjXVf35WHsMoZhuw0gSb8Rf6VaIqXdcYLQcBBhT2cUarc2whRuvtocfv9Ej0/s796/9th%20NY%20Heavy.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="376" data-original-width="796" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9TOeDr0T8wqLP3k7MGWbZWa8_KY3oSho3GJC5ss7FqzwhzwW8v0hXyO2rAHB1LTf26ehzQWVmBXnuFkH5yjtITmyJCdPTNFPrVRdt8h05Y7OBFw5Uvnjs-U7DSAEKSX-5RjXVf35WHsMoZhuw0gSb8Rf6VaIqXdcYLQcBBhT2cUarc2whRuvtocfv9Ej0/w557-h263/9th%20NY%20Heavy.jpg" width="557" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">9th New York Heavy Artillery at a Washington, D.C., fort (Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: #050505; font-family: arial;">The regiment helped defend Washington and participated in the Overland
Campaign in Virginia before it fought at Monocacy, both times fighting as infantry. It served <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UNY0009RAH#:~:text=Overview%3A,D.%20C.%2C%20September%2012%2C%201862." target="_blank">until the war’s end</a></b>, suffering 461 casualties, nearly half from combat.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Hawley, <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/mono/learn/historyculture/union-order-of-battle.htm" target="_blank">who led a company</a></b>, was honorably discharged in September 1864. Some newspaper accounts
said his arm injury was slight, but it may have been more serious. He
apparently applied for a pension in 1880 and died at age 77 in Wolcott, N.Y., <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in 1897, according to <b><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/90244768/william-hawley">findagrave.com</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">Evans says Hawley’s coat, featuring red shoulder boards and artillery buttons, is in very good condition. </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“The conservator created some padding to add to the mannequin to ensure the shoulders did not sag.”</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">While he was a captain at Monocacy, Hawley's shoulder bars are those for a lieutenant.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The coat was "rested" from the effects of light in spring 2020. </span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white;">"In the new museum, the frock coats will be rotated so that they have some rest from the mannequins and light," Evans said. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">At Monocacy, Union Maj.
Gen. Lew Wallace’s troops used his limited artillery and the terrain to their
advantage, says park ranger Matt Borders.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Deployed
along the ridge south of the Monocacy River, these cannons had a wonderful
field of fire and high ground from which to engage. The scattered deployment of
the artillery also gave the impression of more cannons than there actually were
or the possibility that the ridge hid more cannons,” he says.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmQC6_245lmg3y0gvXoU4uwMLp9z0vvl4Lzmfe1mQIpkeGIyoPlbyuuy7mWMeku2RpHfL6pUTLc4tLU9nvT_6P6J5ZML4uvIbmqsSp4WEw3RROhQOLjLHxSOcDCwK4PMha9YxiVs7hiMl4AOOjXOoU9VhnTOeObQoRmZ2TRQn8beqSOQR2ZfryE-AAFFXr/s1080/Hawley%206.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="434" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmQC6_245lmg3y0gvXoU4uwMLp9z0vvl4Lzmfe1mQIpkeGIyoPlbyuuy7mWMeku2RpHfL6pUTLc4tLU9nvT_6P6J5ZML4uvIbmqsSp4WEw3RROhQOLjLHxSOcDCwK4PMha9YxiVs7hiMl4AOOjXOoU9VhnTOeObQoRmZ2TRQn8beqSOQR2ZfryE-AAFFXr/w434-h434/Hawley%206.jpg" width="434" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Ranger Evans adds curatorial stuffing to arm of frock coat (NPS photo)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">The cautious
Confederates were targeted by an effective 24-pound smoothbore howitzer. Early’s cavalry
looked for other crossing options at Worthington Ford on the Monocacy River.</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“As
Confederate forces got south of the river, more of the Federal artillery was
shifted to the left of their line; eventually five of the six rifled artillery
pieces were deployed on the rising ground near Thomas Farm to engage
Confederate infantry and some of their artillery support,” Borders wrote in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“It was the
presence of these cannon that helped hold the Federal flank until 4 p.m., at
which point they had used all their long-range ordnance and were compelled to
retire. The Federal infantry stayed in line from 4ish to 5 p.m. in large part
to make sure their artillery can successfully withdraw from the field."</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">All the
while, Confederate artillery, which had been pushed forward into the very front
yard of Best Farm, was firing across the Monocacy River enfilading the Federal
line.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">"Hawley and his men were some of the troops holding the line
as the Federal artillery withdrew and were eating that enfilading fire coming
from across the Monocacy River," said Borders.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This fire, along with an infantry attack against that same flank, eventually unhinged the Federal position, forcing it to give way around 5 p.m.“</span></span></span></p><p></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-39904269189399446672024-02-19T07:49:00.013-05:002024-02-21T11:48:09.017-05:00Battle of Chancellorsville artifacts that were on renamed Navy missile cruiser will now be displayed at Spotsylvania County's museum<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1859" data-original-width="2662" height="413" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLrmrHhDDmhu_I4OermzAsguvvdY3lDFzrMGjcsCLb7uMFHsMmkQy0UfAt_wnSklaO467olDUwMAEAr_Cop2zow4fxTQslHTxRmukImFUAAicfZnBrawdesoK00nz2W4MQxGoshlUIVidxEhMIFrQEgibbe76G86CNisjjL6JYXzAeFt_R-g2b-kTCPRoA/w590-h413/comboed.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="590" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sword, box of artifacts and Civil War saddle for years were on USS Chancellorsville (now USS Robert Smalls)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">One year
after the U.S. Navy </span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.surfpac.navy.mil/Media/News/Article/3313075/secnav-renames-ticonderoga-class-guided-missile-cruiser-uss-chancellorsville-af/" target="_blank">changed the name</a></b><span style="font-family: arial;"> of a guided-missile cruiser from USS
Chancellorsville to USS Robert Smalls, numerous artifacts from the Battle of
Chancellorsville that were formerly displayed on the warship have been returned
to a Virginia community.</span><div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Spotsylvania County
officials requested the Navy return items donated years ago by the Friends of
the USS Chancellorsville. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We
are grateful artifacts previously displayed aboard the former USS
Chancellorsville have found a fitting home at the Spotsylvania County Museum,
where they can be shared with our community and visitors for years to
come,” <span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0in;">said Drew Mullins of the
Spotsylvania County Board of Supervisors, in a <b><a href="https://www.spotsylvania.va.us/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=667" target="_blank">recent press release</a></b>.</span><strong><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; font-weight: normal; padding: 0in;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white;">The decision to rename the ship came after the Naming Commission
examined more than 750 bases, facilities, buildings and more to see if they
commemorated the Confederacy, <b><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/27/politics/robert-smalls-chancellorsville-navy-renamed/index.html" target="_blank">according to CNN</a></b>. The commission found the </span><span style="color: #0c0c0c;">Ticonderoga-class </span><span style="background: white;">cruiser’s original
name honored the major Rebel victory at Chancellorsville.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF5UXgDtyGfdalKjool6uJIwDuzHwpuREPQ9LPQeT9nrlLhmX5SPSfPPc_9AQepTo_-2nBboVSjND-LptEwDvNC-HDBxYGmvEAh0qPf764J9dASxz9Od8Nj4eyFQV_7clSi3-BTXPWY1YLmWWxP8hJmLtqRMRH8h94YBYPPcdOb05easZCB1s7ky7SaSpM/s4871/IMG_sword.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="990" data-original-width="4871" height="119" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF5UXgDtyGfdalKjool6uJIwDuzHwpuREPQ9LPQeT9nrlLhmX5SPSfPPc_9AQepTo_-2nBboVSjND-LptEwDvNC-HDBxYGmvEAh0qPf764J9dASxz9Od8Nj4eyFQV_7clSi3-BTXPWY1YLmWWxP8hJmLtqRMRH8h94YBYPPcdOb05easZCB1s7ky7SaSpM/w588-h119/IMG_sword.JPG" width="588" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Civil War sword and scabbard that have been returned by the Navy (Spotsylvania County photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The
cruiser (CG 62) was commissioned Nov. 4, 1989, and was deployed in March 1991
to the Persian Gulf in support of Operation Desert Storm.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The ship's motto <b><a href="https://news.usni.org/2022/09/13/commission-recommends-renaming-two-navy-ships-with-confederate-ties" target="_blank">was "Press On,"</a></b> a saying of Confederate Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson when his men had Yankees on the run. Jackson was fatally shot by his own troops at Chancellorsville.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">USNI News, in a 2022 article about the suggested renaming, quoted a Naming Commission leader's comments on the vessel's crest (below), heraldic background and what was said during the commissioning ceremony and before then, when a Navy officer praised the performance of Jackson and Gen. Robert E. Lee at the battle. The inverted wreath on the crest was a reference to Jackson's death.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;">The ship’s wardroom featured a painting of Lee
and Jackson that was removed in 2016, <b><a href="https://news.usni.org/2022/09/13/commission-recommends-renaming-two-navy-ships-with-confederate-ties" target="_blank">according to USNI News</a></b>.</span></p></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Montserrat, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP7A5kJddRm-yHsfprGoDd7AXEyDjtxlLmbqbqcvCpMFojOqerrx0aaZOorme2dt1_3iHrKX4W-rC56la8FVcsNMzJlJhqTDfX4999CGk9wrlkkKBEHUdGRS4zAtUa6YO6jJMTW4zEcq7Q2TagSdiFniy12w2uek178Cp_QGw25tRnBwjs0KaV2ns6R18K/s599/cresty.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="599" data-original-width="466" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP7A5kJddRm-yHsfprGoDd7AXEyDjtxlLmbqbqcvCpMFojOqerrx0aaZOorme2dt1_3iHrKX4W-rC56la8FVcsNMzJlJhqTDfX4999CGk9wrlkkKBEHUdGRS4zAtUa6YO6jJMTW4zEcq7Q2TagSdiFniy12w2uek178Cp_QGw25tRnBwjs0KaV2ns6R18K/s320/cresty.png" width="249" /></a></div>“We looked at the entire context and felt as though that this commemorated the Confederacy,” the commissioner said.</span><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">So now, the items are back on shore. The Civil War
items included in the Navy’s gifting to Spotsylvania County include:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- A
McClellan cavalry saddle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- Two framed
cases of excavated Chancellorsville battle artifacts, including buckles, belt plates, bullets, tools and uniform fasteners. They appears to be items that were used by Confederate and Union soldiers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- An <span style="color: #0c0c0c;">Ames Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber presented in 1992 to
the ship’s captain.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">--
Framed map of Chancellorsville <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">--
“Battle of Chancellorsville, Sunday, May 3, 1863” print (original art from
“Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Famous Leaders and Battle Scenes of the Civil War,”
1896) <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">--
A copy of “The Campaign of Chancellorsville: A Strategic and Tactical Study” by
John Bigelow Jr., 1910 Yale University Press<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpsMA7UHJhkpxKJUzmw7RAVLFgMrSidLEcWDE30CbVGdNvnVoAHHx7KG6PCRcvysptc6WCOM6hFSeoCdAieSzMtFHjR9rzg4xnU2wdUaq-UfvUFMmA52fV1P5-4Z8CF08AufqwwmL_qXmaIgL2Pz2vyNyZhALa4LFMRd8xS8VaMR8cxSiOGzAYIRDd6pql/s4768/IMG_buckles.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2919" data-original-width="4768" height="343" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpsMA7UHJhkpxKJUzmw7RAVLFgMrSidLEcWDE30CbVGdNvnVoAHHx7KG6PCRcvysptc6WCOM6hFSeoCdAieSzMtFHjR9rzg4xnU2wdUaq-UfvUFMmA52fV1P5-4Z8CF08AufqwwmL_qXmaIgL2Pz2vyNyZhALa4LFMRd8xS8VaMR8cxSiOGzAYIRDd6pql/w560-h343/IMG_buckles.JPG" width="560" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Craig Carroll presented these battle belt plates for ship (Spotsylvania County)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
collection includes several modern items associated with the cruiser.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Plans are underway for the artifacts to go on display but
that date has yet to be determined since we just recently acquired the items,” Michelle McGinnis, director of
community engagement and <b><a href="https://www.spotsylvania.va.us/2296/Visitors" target="_blank">tourism for the county</a></b>, told the Picket in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">It has not
yet been determined which items will go on display, she said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuXDpyXbPmQ_j1bpSDc_Tu-0eNw7d6eEdhxhlR9KY749cLPkxVRdvk5jEZhyphenhyphen_isTGuHGlZ6wsEwAkT15BV7Nj5f00wj4t6jiWpxxxig93G4S5FAR6YjgYgenh2wJGpG2ck-vHjtZWUo4bdmRU92eDFBrU89jbDbe7NNncVgUrVza5usa2aahurtwe35AaR/s358/Smalls.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="358" data-original-width="272" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuXDpyXbPmQ_j1bpSDc_Tu-0eNw7d6eEdhxhlR9KY749cLPkxVRdvk5jEZhyphenhyphen_isTGuHGlZ6wsEwAkT15BV7Nj5f00wj4t6jiWpxxxig93G4S5FAR6YjgYgenh2wJGpG2ck-vHjtZWUo4bdmRU92eDFBrU89jbDbe7NNncVgUrVza5usa2aahurtwe35AaR/w152-h200/Smalls.jpg" width="152" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Mullins said
the museum will be the <span style="color: #0c0c0c;">“perfect location and will
serve to honor not only the ship itself and the crew who served our country
while working on board, but also recognizes history while giving us the
opportunity to learn from the lessons of our nation’s past.”<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
late Lynn Freshour, a 23-year U.S. Navy veteran, was active in organizing the
Friends of the USS Chancellorsville, according to officials, and helped foster
a relationship between the crew and the Spotsylvania community. (Officials said the group is no longer active).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
Navy League, which also supported the vessel, assisted with the transfer of the items to the county. The Picket
has reached out to its local chapter for comment.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Lt. Ian McConnaughey, a spokesman for Naval History and Heritage Command, said the Navy decided to keep a few items from the USS Chancellorsville collection. (As to where the artifacts were displayed on the cruiser, he said possible locations include the wardroom, quarterdeck, a passageway and the captain's office/quarters.)</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoBHW8H3veCUjozwlirYJBf7B33XnWC07ugXuHSkvfms8T-k-TtNjC0b9mcUvRqpu9eiCbhMI-0Uj8U1PNHSl2_mu3B3wS8T7vMzidTVQKQbjMGxaFsNxGqw3diJ4hLZGSbICeIak_I6Pb41yYqCW4oFdp-fybCyAEZSHRWEKMjodnmqjAcBXzv4i9Xhu1/s1878/Napoleon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1878" data-original-width="1352" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoBHW8H3veCUjozwlirYJBf7B33XnWC07ugXuHSkvfms8T-k-TtNjC0b9mcUvRqpu9eiCbhMI-0Uj8U1PNHSl2_mu3B3wS8T7vMzidTVQKQbjMGxaFsNxGqw3diJ4hLZGSbICeIak_I6Pb41yYqCW4oFdp-fybCyAEZSHRWEKMjodnmqjAcBXzv4i9Xhu1/w144-h200/Napoleon.jpg" width="144" /></a></span></span></div><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;">McConnaughey said among items retained by the Navy are a modern blue and gray battle streamer, several plaques, a mounted 12-pound Napoleon spherical shot (right) and a .58-caliber 1861 Model Springfield rifle-musket.</span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The renamed
cruiser <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2021/03/robert-smalls-became-hero-for-bold.html" target="_blank">honors Smalls</a></b>, a South Carolinian (photo above) <span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">who escaped slavery by commandeering a Rebel steamship.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">At the start of the Civil War, the enslaved Smalls was a pilot on the CSS Planter. On the morning of May 13, 1862, he led a takeover of the ship by its slave crew, sailed past Charleston Harbor's formidable defenses and surrendered the vessel to the Union blockade fleet. His wife and children were among those on board who gained freedom.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: black;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3yu7hcMxt1DfYx-sXNagjhblfA-scz_MN3HgOMKv4avniP2FIjyoGyZXrP6NhFmNAa-sAZh65mRm-WJLmVbDchj-55-FKfo72FQ6CI0KDn6lgVrUuszgirGAqUrqZbS0_4Of8BOLU0uCzhYXH6DktNPT0NKk94zA2xdVxDz-HG2YTkFhznqWAC3uPX9a6/s3432/USS%20Chancellorsville_Banner.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2082" data-original-width="3432" height="331" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3yu7hcMxt1DfYx-sXNagjhblfA-scz_MN3HgOMKv4avniP2FIjyoGyZXrP6NhFmNAa-sAZh65mRm-WJLmVbDchj-55-FKfo72FQ6CI0KDn6lgVrUuszgirGAqUrqZbS0_4Of8BOLU0uCzhYXH6DktNPT0NKk94zA2xdVxDz-HG2YTkFhznqWAC3uPX9a6/w545-h331/USS%20Chancellorsville_Banner.jpg" width="545" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Crew of then-USS Chancellorsville with banners from Spotsylvania</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Smalls, 23 at the time, was celebrated
across the North for his daring ride to freedom and he served as a ship’s pilot
for the rest of the conflict. After the war, he returned to his hometown
Beaufort and bought his former master’s home.</span></div><div><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Following a stint in South
Carolina’s Legislature, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives
and </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">served several terms.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: black;">The congressman fought </span><span style="color: black;">against
the disenfranchisement of black voters across the South<span style="background: white;">, according to the American Battlefield Trust. He also fought against
segregation within the military</span></span><span style="background: white; color: black;">.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0c0c0c;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><i></i></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidNpacA1_Fo8CYLNku3MMjRWTtTCso0RsMiyfVTLar9h9HLgAT0Ok7noX1nQe0PbaoC6S26_3cBwlFE4xh7l4CnOHRg13DQOYP6qG8E5EGVw8xx8NMNDbsVfEmL9wlLr1_WqAH71eq7hUZXEWOkIV4Vo7B9I8RutQXXA8J-sHTiqUYY6lgEy_8xiD5NfPG/s2342/Museum.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1349" data-original-width="2342" height="115" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidNpacA1_Fo8CYLNku3MMjRWTtTCso0RsMiyfVTLar9h9HLgAT0Ok7noX1nQe0PbaoC6S26_3cBwlFE4xh7l4CnOHRg13DQOYP6qG8E5EGVw8xx8NMNDbsVfEmL9wlLr1_WqAH71eq7hUZXEWOkIV4Vo7B9I8RutQXXA8J-sHTiqUYY6lgEy_8xiD5NfPG/w200-h115/Museum.jpg" width="200" /></span></a></i></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><i>The </i><a href="https://www.spotsylvania.va.us/898/Museum" style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Spotsylvania County Museum</a><i> is located at 6159 Plank Road,
Fredericksburg, Va. It features 1,800 square feet of exhibits that provide
visitors insight into the county’s 300-plus-year history. The area is buffered
by land under the control of the American Battlefield. The museum is free to
the public daily from 10 a.m. to 4.p.m., except major holidays.</i></span><p></p></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-60109397045084469792024-02-13T11:53:00.005-05:002024-02-14T09:55:23.381-05:00Here's how an NPS-led team safely removed three Fort Sumter flags for a long rest. The big question now: Is it too risky to put 2 of them back at the fort?<p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV1ctxob2QZEObhj_BHxfHAoXaiQNrdlxDGL_6NFCIl9N6btc2Tg26hifnJzxtStVbuudRrnYEmypqydwAXIL1durD353wa0AZ6tJtoRs9pBw5uGlZ9IjgQhEv6m363h_s3hdEq-L9exL8oVJMKsnIpKhfGFEE66w8oaoMrTvwkKUyjH46mu-e7JeW1tI-/s2406/flag%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1686" data-original-width="2406" height="427" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV1ctxob2QZEObhj_BHxfHAoXaiQNrdlxDGL_6NFCIl9N6btc2Tg26hifnJzxtStVbuudRrnYEmypqydwAXIL1durD353wa0AZ6tJtoRs9pBw5uGlZ9IjgQhEv6m363h_s3hdEq-L9exL8oVJMKsnIpKhfGFEE66w8oaoMrTvwkKUyjH46mu-e7JeW1tI-/w610-h427/flag%20combo.jpg" width="610" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Opening of Palmetto Guard flag mount (left) and removal of a Fort Sumter flag (NPS photos)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Anne E. Ennes,
a conservator for the National Park Service’s <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/subjects/hfc/about-us.htm" target="_blank">Harpers Ferry Center</a></b>, knows the
value of planning before traveling to an historic site. Still, flexibility can
be the name of the game once she arrives and handles some of America’s
most-treasured artifacts.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Such was the
case in mid-September when Ennes and other experts within the agency, working
with contractors and professional art movers, painstakingly took three famous Fort
Sumter flags off-exhibit for a much-needed rest from damaging light.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">They worked
with several variables smack dab in the middle of hurricane season. Two of the
flags have been on display at the fort in Charleston’s Harbor, and getting them
safely off the artificial island was part of a rather complex operation. None of the team
members had previously handled the flags – they had been on display for nearly
30 years. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">“The objects were immensely iconic and irreplaceable. We
wanted this to go well. We had to go over by boat, dependent on weather,
dependent on tides,” Ennes told the Picket. “You sweat out hurricane season.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">The gloved team <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/09/much-needed-r-three-fort-sumter-flags.html" target="_blank">over three days</a></b> was able to de-install, roll
and crate the fragile flags without causing damage.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGcnqnnbAs-1h-zw6pi6OI2a5qgJZqWHq9VjZBfdNPT9NfM_gueAFZthRbMIk9W-UeXaLQqTB8kxHNNHPcUsO7D20RAkUeFoJ_CEJBVdMGF-H9Fu4jW0FJp-68nFtI5OFakgNIYeVYNwG23cKh_4M5XlCSScjDs81ZhIcomYl8Iv8AwJTxs2oUDjfakTDa/s984/trio.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="984" data-original-width="964" height="510" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGcnqnnbAs-1h-zw6pi6OI2a5qgJZqWHq9VjZBfdNPT9NfM_gueAFZthRbMIk9W-UeXaLQqTB8kxHNNHPcUsO7D20RAkUeFoJ_CEJBVdMGF-H9Fu4jW0FJp-68nFtI5OFakgNIYeVYNwG23cKh_4M5XlCSScjDs81ZhIcomYl8Iv8AwJTxs2oUDjfakTDa/w499-h510/trio.jpg" width="499" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">US storm flag, top, garrison flag, lower left, Palmetto Guard (NPS)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">The project got lucky with the weather but Ennes, a textile
conservator who works at the center’s </span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.nps.gov/subjects/hfc/museum-conservation-services.htm" target="_blank">Museum Conservation Services</a></b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">, said she is
in favor of reproduction flags – rather than the original 33-star storm flag
and the Palmetto Guard flag – going back to the fort.</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Fiercer hurricanes resulting from climate change, mixed with
the challenges of moisture, humidity and storm surge in the Carolinas, make the
museum on Fort Sumter a high-risk location for the flags, Ennes says. And a
stable environment requires near-infallible air conditioning.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">“You don’t want to deal with evacuating precious objects with
a storm looming,” she said, adding it’s not her decision to make.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">The Picket asked </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">Brett Spaulding, chief of interpretation for <a href="https://www.nps.gov/fosu/index.htm" target="_blank"><b>Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park</b></a>, about the <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/09/much-needed-r-three-fort-sumter-flags.html" target="_blank">fate of the flags</a></b>, given risk
factors raised by conservators.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">“At this time there has not
been a decision made as to where the future home of the flags will be,”
Spaulding wrote in an email last autumn. “Before they are put back on display,
we will take into consideration many of the points that you identified and
other considerations.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2YCbR5Z39VIOcA-_12zKbEkBu_WIsGS2bWSgfxx4f0rT2AzUp4wLUX5z4W5LWWJWwydzp_19hrFyGojdB-X8YBnmQeCIlyNjSUDQZdU1G6j3KwLr9Ynogzd4Qu-Yxwu9xxLK8uP5JGdcqxi0Qjg0YbOIPez079xktkr9uhNyTkHvDZk2KTFcvvgQoXabI/s885/Garrison_case.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="664" data-original-width="885" height="399" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2YCbR5Z39VIOcA-_12zKbEkBu_WIsGS2bWSgfxx4f0rT2AzUp4wLUX5z4W5LWWJWwydzp_19hrFyGojdB-X8YBnmQeCIlyNjSUDQZdU1G6j3KwLr9Ynogzd4Qu-Yxwu9xxLK8uP5JGdcqxi0Qjg0YbOIPez079xktkr9uhNyTkHvDZk2KTFcvvgQoXabI/w531-h399/Garrison_case.jpg" width="531" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Workers prepare to remove garrison flag from flat case (NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Spaulding said the flags
<b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/fosu/learn/news/historic-fort-sumter-flags-to-be-removed-from-park-museums-for-conservation.htm" target="_blank">will remain off display</a></b> for a minimum of five years.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">In a November Facebook
post, the park provided a brief update, saying: “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #050505;">Textiles should not be on
display for long periods of time due to humidity fluctuations and light damage.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">The
storm and Palmetto Guard flags had been on exhibit at the Fort Sumter museum on
the island in the harbor. The massive and brittle garrison flag, only a small
portion visible, was at the Fort Sumter Visitor Center at Liberty Square in
downtown Charleston. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">These flags tell an important story</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;"><b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/flags/fosu3.htm" target="_blank">The three flags</a></b></span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""><b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/flags/fosu3.htm" target="_blank"> </a></b>are powerful symbols of a nation torn apart and brought back
together. Gunfire wasn’t their only enemy: high winds, saltwater spray,
humidity and light took a toll. All underwent conservation before they went on
display, but that was many years ago.<b><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="http://npshistory.com/brochures/fosu/flags-2008.pdf" target="_blank">The flags</a></b> are among the most famous of the Civil War. The 33-star U.S. garrison flag flew over the fort
until it sustained wind damage on April 11, 1861, hours before Rebel artillery
effectively began the Civil War. Its smaller and sturdier successor, the storm
flag, flew during the 34 hours of the attack.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM52rOjQy1UQ1EolpuuuQOF0vcB8NukRrnwLUMUUzq_FQTpDUpMo_Owjlbzq8lWSGAOXldtoIUy1A4UnVTpjZOEv-v-_BDIgc9EBtLAIoyQr2gykBLAQqQsdNGhYVLaGTRt2G-ZLo-M4ysgAx3ntrFAiQrfLcpOE2H9wdxdcrtJZEVO3qbL034h9EScX-j/s999/Garrison_pondering.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="663" data-original-width="999" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM52rOjQy1UQ1EolpuuuQOF0vcB8NukRrnwLUMUUzq_FQTpDUpMo_Owjlbzq8lWSGAOXldtoIUy1A4UnVTpjZOEv-v-_BDIgc9EBtLAIoyQr2gykBLAQqQsdNGhYVLaGTRt2G-ZLo-M4ysgAx3ntrFAiQrfLcpOE2H9wdxdcrtJZEVO3qbL034h9EScX-j/w465-h308/Garrison_pondering.jpg" width="465" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The garrison flag in Charleston rests in a special case (NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Both
were removed from the island by <a href="https://www.nps.gov/people/robert-anderson.htm" target="_blank"><span style="color: black; text-decoration-line: none;"><b>Union Maj. Robert
Anderson</b> </span></a>after he surrendered. The storm flag immediately
became a patriotic symbol for the remainder of the conflict and raised the
status of the Star-Spangled Banner to what we know today.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white;">The garrison and storm flags were issued by the quartermaster
in June 1860, nearly a year before the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter. The
manufacturer of clothes, textiles and flags during that time was the Schuylkill
Arsenal in Pennsylvania, said Spaulding. “However, the arsenal hired over
10,000 seamstresses and tailors during the Civil War so, unfortunately, we
don't know exactly who made the (two) flags.” </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
Palmetto Guard flag was the first Confederate flag to fly over the fort after
the departure of the US Army on April 14, 1861.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">As
victorious Confederates entered Fort Sumter, John Styles Bird Jr., a private in
the South Carolina militia unit known as the Palmetto Guard, placed his unit's
flag on the parapet facing Charleston.<span style="background: white;"> The fort
remained in Confederate hands for the next four years until evacuation in
February 1865.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl0MQWPGj-rcFU7WhCVbPnPnZYM2qeBwR-IqsuDPYKlaXaYFned5qol3I4HRQ0ClVh1yrB3h5KLsne7fAQpoFw7v8qNHfu4O0_vxF18g89Lz590PtRfKlksehNJkM1rPTZyUdBHtwriQrNVnrY3zJNagKIw3vFpimPrzXznparQLyOjZnCxf7lB4JnqdBl/s1364/LOC%201865.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1061" data-original-width="1364" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl0MQWPGj-rcFU7WhCVbPnPnZYM2qeBwR-IqsuDPYKlaXaYFned5qol3I4HRQ0ClVh1yrB3h5KLsne7fAQpoFw7v8qNHfu4O0_vxF18g89Lz590PtRfKlksehNJkM1rPTZyUdBHtwriQrNVnrY3zJNagKIw3vFpimPrzXznparQLyOjZnCxf7lB4JnqdBl/w479-h373/LOC%201865.jpg" width="479" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Returned flag flies above the fort on April 14, 1865 (Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Interestingly, Bird received the flag from a Capt. Edward
Mills, the spitfire captain of the ship Brig John H. Jones.</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> The flag was flown in New York Harbor in late 1860 by the
commercial vessel, which belonged to the Palmetto line of schooners traveling
between New York and Charleston.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Tensions were high in the months before South
Carolina and other Southern states seceded from the Union.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal">
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">According to a <b><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/1860/12/01/archives/the-palmetto-flag-in-newyork.html" target="_blank">December 1860 article</a></b> in The New
York Times, Mills “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">on
being politely questioned on the subject of his flag, yesterday, told a
gentleman, with more emphasis than civility, that if anybody dared to go on
board of his vessel, and attempt to haul it down, "he was a dead man -- a
corpse!"</span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; font-size: large; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You don't hurry this kind of work</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">All three of
the flags have been kept in climatically controlled cases. They were protected
by cellulostic materials to maintain preferred humidity. <span style="background: white; color: black;">“You create the environment you want it to
be in,” Ennes said. “They were dimly lit. The lighting wasn’t horrible at
either place.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Still, even small amounts of UV light fade and deteriorate
textiles.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The NPS team
decided to tackle the smaller Palmetto Guard first, before the U.S. storm flag.
A large portion of the flag is missing and it was encapsulated years ago to
mimic its original footprint. “It is very sheer,” said Ennes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpVIkiOoUIKrlNnP4eOecZWQOdJZkeOA2ja4rW3R7XcK8l22_3d2Li7qj1sszTKImSY5g1aqgyC3-QVLoecDf2gYQwVSW7btZeU-rwQzavTnrF2K9BXycBceTDTzG_2VvfHiMRATuGYh1BDk1W83KiU68RxOnQNXmVGZTu6tYwL-lNcKAYS3mvEFWtBSON/s1913/Team.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1297" data-original-width="1913" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpVIkiOoUIKrlNnP4eOecZWQOdJZkeOA2ja4rW3R7XcK8l22_3d2Li7qj1sszTKImSY5g1aqgyC3-QVLoecDf2gYQwVSW7btZeU-rwQzavTnrF2K9BXycBceTDTzG_2VvfHiMRATuGYh1BDk1W83KiU68RxOnQNXmVGZTu6tYwL-lNcKAYS3mvEFWtBSON/w534-h362/Team.jpg" width="534" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Some members of the team in front of the storm flag at Fort Sumter (NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Experts
removed the outer frame and the flag was unstitched from its mount. After a few
other tasks, the Palmetto Guard and storm flags were carefully rolled and
placed in archival tubes. The crews had to take extra care because there is no
elevator at the fort and the crates had to be carried by hand down steps to a
waiting boat.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The storm
flag was stable but fragile, said Ennes, adding both flags were in fairly good
shape but will need new mounts once they are back in public view. <span style="background: white; color: black;">“Hopefully, they will go back on display
after a long time in dark storage.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">Back on land, the garrison flag lies flat below a huge
reproduction flag </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">at the Fort Sumter Visitor Center at Liberty Square. Only a
portion of the real flag is visible to visitors.<span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Conservators
found it to be in a very delicate situation. <span style="background: white; color: black;">“The threads and yarns are brittle and want to break when
moved,” according to Ennes. “It was in worse shape than we imagined.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">“The garrison needs a little treatment before it goes on
display. It would need some work at my lab,” she said, adding it can go back in
the same case. For now, it is in a 26-foot storage tube.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj_ezLE7E3ro46Sox5S5xvQanTTXiTUnYnbeiuBRLhWkqAJTP3RiDlTXWL0-34-v8jKPL4CHMoJLYLcwMIGtZM1AQllktQ1QqrfIbc4RiQebSaPacuTFUQmtuQvUPfTg8Cu-0KZMUjazFL4qWnZoZlGbQLStj1DCDMqWq4CfmDTqmgSfW4uziHt98Yy4qC/s3032/scan003.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1927" data-original-width="3032" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj_ezLE7E3ro46Sox5S5xvQanTTXiTUnYnbeiuBRLhWkqAJTP3RiDlTXWL0-34-v8jKPL4CHMoJLYLcwMIGtZM1AQllktQ1QqrfIbc4RiQebSaPacuTFUQmtuQvUPfTg8Cu-0KZMUjazFL4qWnZoZlGbQLStj1DCDMqWq4CfmDTqmgSfW4uziHt98Yy4qC/w448-h285/scan003.jpg" width="448" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A view of the mechanism that supports the rolled up garrison flag (NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Complicating
the picture at the visitor center was the failure of the HVAC system last year.
Spaulding told the Picket a new system will go in place, but no firm timetable has been set, he said this week.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">Even though
no decision has been made on where the flags will be<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">, “</span></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Wherever
they go on display a working system is required," he said.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Ennes said
the flags removal was a successful – the result of working slowly, patiently
and carefully. The payoff comes with knowing artifacts will continue to tell a
story.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="font-family: arial;">“I am always amazed by the craftsmanship on all the things I work
with.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-85637254350403466052024-02-08T11:30:00.026-05:002024-02-23T07:19:13.898-05:00I've always thought George Meade's slouch hat was awesome. We asked experts to weigh in on it and five other iconic Meade items kept at Gettysburg<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; color: #050505;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMxwCfbeNfkAUSdEvTYQmrd6zGHG-2Q2E2EwUpcNNVUSniO-hFyN2tOR5ieTtd53U24KCmUEgMGPfAdLBBZfwylWpF4hBD5AHsfPAo7JklQq5LPM5wQ8j-d6Ow6XythO5rZipd8rC81krNh8dSnNDpfMa4-j31i81kyWZI1VDcasCCV3K9V9G_8fFi7hUI/s2219/Topper%207.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1791" data-original-width="2219" height="497" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMxwCfbeNfkAUSdEvTYQmrd6zGHG-2Q2E2EwUpcNNVUSniO-hFyN2tOR5ieTtd53U24KCmUEgMGPfAdLBBZfwylWpF4hBD5AHsfPAo7JklQq5LPM5wQ8j-d6Ow6XythO5rZipd8rC81krNh8dSnNDpfMa4-j31i81kyWZI1VDcasCCV3K9V9G_8fFi7hUI/w617-h497/Topper%207.jpg" width="617" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.13.33, Slouch hat; Meade photos Library of Congress and National Archives</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;">If I ever get around to writing “Cool Hats of the Civil War,”
my top choice (spoiler alert!) will go to Union Maj. Gen. George Meade’s slouch
hat, followed closely by those of Ambrose E. Burnside and J.E.B. Stuart.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://www.historynet.com/george-meade" target="_blank">While the hero of Gettysburg</a></b> and commander of the Army of
Potomac <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/george-g-meade" target="_blank">is sadly overshadowed</a></b> by many in the pantheon of Civil War commanders,
Meade and his hat will always stand tall to me.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;">There are great images of him with that headgear: <b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2013648724/" target="_blank">In front of his tent</a></b>, seated among a <b><a href="http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1864/july/general-meade-staff.htm" target="_blank">throng of soldiers</a></b>, or perched on a bench at the
famous Grant<b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2018666582/" target="_blank"> “Council of War” </a></b>at Massaponax Church in Virginia.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #050505;">The <b><a href="https://www.gettysburgfoundation.org/" target="_blank">Gettysburg Foundation</a></b> </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">operates <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/gett/index.htm" target="_blank">Gettysburg National Military Park</a></b>’s visitor center and museum. It also owns and curates thousands of items, <o:p></o:p></span></span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white;">including those of Meade from the collection of the <b><a href="http://civilwarmuseumphila.org/" target="_blank">Civil War Museum of Philadelphia</a></b>: The slouch hat, a kepi, frock coat, flags, field glasses, sash
and swords, among other fascinating items. Meade wore the hat and frock coat at
Gettysburg in July 1863.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRIvLtZSJvyOLBwhPA5AXoKUd7JJbQof-yAEdOD-Ycv1lvtL-Cjgeuk7E1uIIsTkTc53fIZsRM2YeZXXH6lA0K8Zze4I_hKPffhX-bMn-BQnmvO_lSTvS_gmf0vilP4iIhsaASpNILTZHlZjlsOY-B5v5LAJ3TG-uY_IpHkGIpIds6V_M6KYXlAmV3-N_Z/s913/Kepi%203.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="469" data-original-width="913" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRIvLtZSJvyOLBwhPA5AXoKUd7JJbQof-yAEdOD-Ycv1lvtL-Cjgeuk7E1uIIsTkTc53fIZsRM2YeZXXH6lA0K8Zze4I_hKPffhX-bMn-BQnmvO_lSTvS_gmf0vilP4iIhsaASpNILTZHlZjlsOY-B5v5LAJ3TG-uY_IpHkGIpIds6V_M6KYXlAmV3-N_Z/w559-h287/Kepi%203.jpg" width="559" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Kepi-topped Gen. Meade (center) with members of his staff (National Archives)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Meade’s slouch hat certainly was attention-getting.</span><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">“I am not
sure if Meade had a preferred style of hat but, maybe his preference was more
utilitarian; e.g., wearing the slouch hat on active campaign because it kept
the sun and rain off of him; whereas wearing the kepi in static locations such
as a winter quarters and formal occasions,” says Mike Kwolek, museum exhibition
specialist for the foundation.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi16HJIwM8bmR5bTyehOHkQJosBHdgEbLjqDAin2VtG4aBHmMBw7l56qMBgi1-sIjHZiLf1Y9Uwobk_JqtSW4QFOkAxFw1GKRh8z3UBND7xADPX4OLtVMoZylZGv443-IIE4JAnFVLd71SMB4xXzqs49sA6P5ROBAkDbaIgXD_puLc3_1DqXgWS4md5QA_K/s2717/86.13.32_AT%20(1).jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2717" data-original-width="1953" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi16HJIwM8bmR5bTyehOHkQJosBHdgEbLjqDAin2VtG4aBHmMBw7l56qMBgi1-sIjHZiLf1Y9Uwobk_JqtSW4QFOkAxFw1GKRh8z3UBND7xADPX4OLtVMoZylZGv443-IIE4JAnFVLd71SMB4xXzqs49sA6P5ROBAkDbaIgXD_puLc3_1DqXgWS4md5QA_K/w257-h357/86.13.32_AT%20(1).jpg" width="257" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The general’s
hometown was Philadelphia.<span style="background: white; color: #050505;"> </span>For
more than 70 years after his grandchildren donated them in 1937, Meade’s
belongings were housed at the <b><a href="http://civilwarmuseumphila.org/" target="_blank">Civil War Museum of Philadelphia</a></b>. Other items at the museum were donated by former Union officers, members of the <span style="background: white; color: #202122; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Military Order of the Loyal Legion
of the United States</span><span style="background: white; color: #202122;"> (<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">MOLLUS</span>). Meade died in 1872 at age 56.</span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Museum officials had hoped to erect a new building after it closed in
2008, but funding never came through and hundreds of artifacts went to the
Gettysburg Foundation. (Paper documents relating to the officers are kept by
the <b><a href="https://www.unionleague.org/" target="_blank">Union League of Philadelphia</a></b>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Gettysburg’s collection has many sources, including what was at the
Philadelphia museum. (<i>Photo at left, <o:p></o:p></i></span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><i>Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia; </i></span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><i>CWMP 86.13.32, Frock Coat</i>)</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">I spoke with Kwolek – </span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white;">whose duties include designing and executing museum exhibits,
collections management and registration</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> – about a half dozen items in the Meade inventory. (I am grateful for his help and patience when I
peppered him with myriad follow-up questions)</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Here’s a close look at the six artifacts: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">MEADE'S FELT SLOUCH HAT</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7U2sJ3ZVxiLc4w3pF41AmL19cOuA28gBZClgo5WuCdwPMPJDFdrl9nuyFAKJRSHThD9z2igFKBJrAEkOuPbhJeHBoMp0mKyg5YG0qZSomRRgIjWmwmyxqgceNbHRpubEIyJAKtr8Omz1EankGN5qTbunH0TODACkir5z2K3g6ZDZN4KCRl4vahvDKNP47/s919/Slouch%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="649" data-original-width="919" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7U2sJ3ZVxiLc4w3pF41AmL19cOuA28gBZClgo5WuCdwPMPJDFdrl9nuyFAKJRSHThD9z2igFKBJrAEkOuPbhJeHBoMp0mKyg5YG0qZSomRRgIjWmwmyxqgceNbHRpubEIyJAKtr8Omz1EankGN5qTbunH0TODACkir5z2K3g6ZDZN4KCRl4vahvDKNP47/w477-h338/Slouch%202.jpg" width="477" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.13.33, Slouch Hat</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;">Talk about a close call. The general came to Gettysburg with
two bullet holes in the hat, from fighting several months before at
Fredericksburg, Va.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: arial;">Army regulations allowed for officers to wear black felt
hats. The height of the crown could be a little over 6 inches. The bindings
were made of black ribbed silk. It features a bullion hat cord and insignia.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“These
examples were similar, yet more elegant than the 1858 Hardee hat; however, many
officers went to the private market and purchased black felt hats in a variety
of shapes and sizes. The one that Maj. Gen. Meade wore, and housed at the
Museum and Visitor Center, is one of those privately purchased hats,” says the
foundation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqXtOPG4uSmKD1pGXrRq3o1WHKmUSKSXPX_gRbutH3BvlcTDvlPDyKAlD1qdjKg0zlrT-HhFz_L9IdFAmAt2fKAod6zgsZn5fsAidcX9ARey20fGC05zx0HvBteoSAhA94wKZ0cgiZPZo256z_ts9HAwEU7RRE1It0ot97YdFiTLuPIG9ipKj8JkmBeOVZ/s1396/Massopanox1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="671" data-original-width="1396" height="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqXtOPG4uSmKD1pGXrRq3o1WHKmUSKSXPX_gRbutH3BvlcTDvlPDyKAlD1qdjKg0zlrT-HhFz_L9IdFAmAt2fKAod6zgsZn5fsAidcX9ARey20fGC05zx0HvBteoSAhA94wKZ0cgiZPZo256z_ts9HAwEU7RRE1It0ot97YdFiTLuPIG9ipKj8JkmBeOVZ/w584-h282/Massopanox1.jpg" width="584" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Meade, seated at far left, at Massaponax Church (Library of Congress)<br />His slouch hat has a pinched crown (click to enlarge)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">The park
doesn’t know when Meade got the hat, which he wore with the brim down. Kwolek said this headgear may have been
produced in Philadelphia by the <b><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/133311572/william-francis-warburton" target="_blank">hatter William F. Warburton</a></b>; who, in 1862, held
three patents for military caps and hats.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Conservation
was performed on the hat in 2012. The bullet holes, above his major general’s
insignia, were stabilized during that work, said Kwolek.<span style="background: white; color: black;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: 14.85px;">C. Paul Loane, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: arial; font-size: 14.85px;">co-author of <b><a href="https://www.collectorbookstore.com/products/us-army-headgear-1812-1872" style="color: #0e487e; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">“US Army Military Headgear, 1812-1872,”</a></b></span><span style="font-family: arial;">.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">recalls seeing the hat when it was at the museum in Philadelphia.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“It appeared
to be the standard black felt headgear with black silk edging around the brim
worn by most officers, he said. <o:p></o:p></span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">"His hat cords were </span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">all</span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"> gold as called for in regulations for a general officer."</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The hat and
coat have been off-exhibit since 2016, following the park’s <b>“<a href="https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/20130517_Glimpse_into_Civil_War_era_s_leaders.html" target="_blank">Treasures of the Civil War” exhibit</a>.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">CHASSEUR-STYLE
KEPI</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRHL-JzryCJ_tBYNGSe2iS0E5c6cTnPQlIq48nnABeIEOsJqksNfMGTUO-izPuTey6rbZ-fvWEOzrO2XbPxNW1ojJrQzMXaGmZ2TcAU67_KbLMF-Ouv5g8uSNd3wnLdOUwQvYwjPoKghPc355WMtWpQmJIF2nwRIzbFmj_m1UXI2j967qibpYQ1HGxgd5H/s877/Kepi%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="427" data-original-width="877" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRHL-JzryCJ_tBYNGSe2iS0E5c6cTnPQlIq48nnABeIEOsJqksNfMGTUO-izPuTey6rbZ-fvWEOzrO2XbPxNW1ojJrQzMXaGmZ2TcAU67_KbLMF-Ouv5g8uSNd3wnLdOUwQvYwjPoKghPc355WMtWpQmJIF2nwRIzbFmj_m1UXI2j967qibpYQ1HGxgd5H/w585-h285/Kepi%201.jpg" width="585" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.13.34, Kepi</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Of the Meade-associated items described here, only the wool kepi is
currently (February 2024) on display. The exhibit has the words “Old Snapping
Turtle,” a nickname given to the commander because of his famous ill temper.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Text below the kepi reads:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">“Although often seen in contemporary photographs wearing his favored
slouch hat in the field, Meade wore this regulation officer's cap (with gold
trim for general officers) for dress and ceremonial occasions." <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSMfgY3zLLaHhaSVCS6iA2mHWeeFJxFlJXBuCSTy60Rbq8SpwRPfrpY7BCx1LkxegU4xtwkqNzRyW_S8-yszzZ1z2eZSPjUcTh_NnxN8qlRQ6RWbWvQrT_1GsD5qELwljFj8jsRlPAjCA3s4Y-pzh4qTg2mwTnXuwXto96As3byi0NEx4BOAYia72ibp8a/s3637/Kepi%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1855" data-original-width="3637" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSMfgY3zLLaHhaSVCS6iA2mHWeeFJxFlJXBuCSTy60Rbq8SpwRPfrpY7BCx1LkxegU4xtwkqNzRyW_S8-yszzZ1z2eZSPjUcTh_NnxN8qlRQ6RWbWvQrT_1GsD5qELwljFj8jsRlPAjCA3s4Y-pzh4qTg2mwTnXuwXto96As3byi0NEx4BOAYia72ibp8a/w576-h294/Kepi%20combo.jpg" width="576" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">National Archives, Library of Congress photos of Meade wearing a kepi; click to enlarge</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">This is the
French style of cap that Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan advocated that officers
use after his observations during the Crimean War, says Kwolek. <span style="background: white;">Meade’s kepi was made by <b><a href="https://www.phillymag.com/news/2016/07/11/john-wanamaker-philadelphia-history/" target="_blank">Wanamaker’s of Philadelphia</a></b>,
his hometown</span>. The company was founded in 1861 and operated at Market and
Sixth streets. <b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2013647710/" target="_blank">Meade purchased</a></b> it in 1862 or 1863.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">Loane told
the Picket the cap is “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">a
slightly brighter blue than most examples (which flirt with being a
midnight/almost black shade) and had a subtle ‘bagginess’ about it we
collectors like. Two silver stars of a major general were affixed to the front
within a gold embroidered wreath backed with black velvet. Staff officer
buttons secured the chin strap and narrow black tape trimmed the sides and top.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The classic-period
kepi went through restoration in 2012, which included cleaning and
stabilization.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">MAJOR GENERAL FROCK COAT</span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9nzwUi1gM68cLP0ersBLG9fJv_HsXN-1dbGaTwzI1iDSTc1DxeN7QDBek6oC9ZLHYK4EYKZ9U-XiahWgwCIU51G-Zk5GoAOxK-nfr6IEQ6eNxAobTYpWIrcqyszSSK3-kPg3uARWFCQkE7P-8pzDVkQO-Hz1cYJoy57o8hfYT5ctilk2qVHmqb1lWqhRe/s2860/Frock%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1881" data-original-width="2860" height="387" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9nzwUi1gM68cLP0ersBLG9fJv_HsXN-1dbGaTwzI1iDSTc1DxeN7QDBek6oC9ZLHYK4EYKZ9U-XiahWgwCIU51G-Zk5GoAOxK-nfr6IEQ6eNxAobTYpWIrcqyszSSK3-kPg3uARWFCQkE7P-8pzDVkQO-Hz1cYJoy57o8hfYT5ctilk2qVHmqb1lWqhRe/w589-h387/Frock%20combo.jpg" width="589" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.13.32, Frock coat; Meade photo Library of Congress</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">The maker of
this dark blue frock is not known, but Meade is known to have worn it from at
least Gettysburg onward. Kwolek wondered whether it was made by Brooks Brothers,
which made uniforms for Federal officers. <b><a href="https://www.brooksbrothers.com/on/demandware.store/Sites-brooksbrothers-Site/en_US/Heritage-Show" target="_blank">Brooks Brothers.</a></b> told the Picket in an
email it has no existing record of Meade.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The coat
conforms to 1861 regulations and bears the rank of major general on its
epaulets. For that rank, the coat had two rows of buttons on the breast, nine
in each row, extending to the waist. Four buttons were on the back and skirt of
the coat, according to the Gettysburg Foundation. The interior chest/torso
region of the jacket exhibits quilting with patriotic motifs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2004680090/" target="_blank">The coat</a></b> went
through extensive cleaning and stabilization 2012. Its condition before
treatment exhibited extensive use, according to Kwolek.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">ARMY OF THE POTOMAC HEADQUARTERS FLAG</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwD-_QlZUFEvvN_FWYwsVisA5yRHQIBAe1-8iPLiQK1NieaJgTNSrV5IYzr2Pn0iJnyMUduVKDPABX6A3yb2_yFp6DKH35jMWGgihes5Zxx_cswKwEALWMzLWrAGpOuwPMPAO8EDQaXjR8EZeYANcjUXCnKAoZErsuvbHpLwcB4gD6Zrmo5jpEmPepmGxL/s864/Meade%20HQ%20flag%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="567" data-original-width="864" height="376" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwD-_QlZUFEvvN_FWYwsVisA5yRHQIBAe1-8iPLiQK1NieaJgTNSrV5IYzr2Pn0iJnyMUduVKDPABX6A3yb2_yFp6DKH35jMWGgihes5Zxx_cswKwEALWMzLWrAGpOuwPMPAO8EDQaXjR8EZeYANcjUXCnKAoZErsuvbHpLwcB4gD6Zrmo5jpEmPepmGxL/w571-h376/Meade%20HQ%20flag%202.jpg" width="571" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.2.4, 34‐star Headquarters Flag</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">This flag has
the distinction of the one that flew at Meade’s headquarters at Gettysburg. His
descendants provided the provenance for this 34-star silk flag.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Kwolek says
Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker may have flown it before Meade took command of the army
in late June 1863, just days before Gettysburg.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">ARMY OF THE POTOMAC HEADQUARTERS FLAG
(May 1864)</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi-05Id3m-GPdMPSy4Xo4qTRiMCMs6rze14O4E5AKZTkU7hWYd_ubsGN0dSHyxX6CPBQcIrn_wSsX7zAECBusoZq-xqUXIyGQi-MNmhrS1he0ga4KIgScrhVss1v5YtJz9Nal7Phcfhcr8N0VnPu4EbSwtFmbkVAGB2FA4I1Y6KSsY3MgptNqm5fR4hMvZ/s1021/Army%20Eagle.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="657" data-original-width="1021" height="348" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi-05Id3m-GPdMPSy4Xo4qTRiMCMs6rze14O4E5AKZTkU7hWYd_ubsGN0dSHyxX6CPBQcIrn_wSsX7zAECBusoZq-xqUXIyGQi-MNmhrS1he0ga4KIgScrhVss1v5YtJz9Nal7Phcfhcr8N0VnPu4EbSwtFmbkVAGB2FA4I1Y6KSsY3MgptNqm5fR4hMvZ/w539-h348/Army%20Eagle.jpg" width="539" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.2.5, Army of the Potomac Headquarters Flag </span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">This
short-lived flag was most likely made by <b><a href="https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/stagser/s900/s935/000000/000006/pdf/msa_s935_6.pdf" target="_blank">Sisco Brothers</a></b> of Baltimore,
according to the Gettysburg Foundation. It was made of faded soprano silk with
a dark blue laurel wreath surrounding a gold eagle with arrows and laurel in
its talons.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">It has a swallowtail design with silk ties. It was used only in May
1864, in Virginia, and was replaced by a small national flag. According to
Kwolek, this reversal might be due to Gen. Grant’s reaction to it, which was
recorded by artist Alfred R. Waud: “What’s this! Is Imperial Caesar anywhere
about here?”<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">ARMY OF THE POTOMAC V CORPS FLAG</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit4F6-QR6SJhXJXaebTWvGRkfLLUCe7v1J3R1O5EH14NE9oPrycg-EEluNhjGA6P3SBwA1brbCs1KGFkUIuPefNMV6QgdZwaOiplRZVPjxgnx0AC9wt8jXUGYJ8Q85j9qdM8WMyQcTqkDZNXbno_bNtuYmBdVXT6_S0xojqdnj09zIYXJ0-PyJOZ85VLaE/s623/86.2.3.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="623" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit4F6-QR6SJhXJXaebTWvGRkfLLUCe7v1J3R1O5EH14NE9oPrycg-EEluNhjGA6P3SBwA1brbCs1KGFkUIuPefNMV6QgdZwaOiplRZVPjxgnx0AC9wt8jXUGYJ8Q85j9qdM8WMyQcTqkDZNXbno_bNtuYmBdVXT6_S0xojqdnj09zIYXJ0-PyJOZ85VLaE/w548-h319/86.2.3.jpg" width="548" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Courtesy of Gettysburg Foundation, from the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia<br />CWMP 86.23, 5th Corps flag<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Meade commanded the corps for only a month, six months
before Gettysburg. The flag conforms to the Army of the Potomac's general order
No. 10 that specified flags to be used for corps headquarters as blue
swallowtailed, with the number of the corps in red on a white botonee-style
cross.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Kwolek believes Maj. Gen. George Sykes <b><a href="https://gettysburg.stonesentinels.com/armies/army-of-the-potomac/5th-corps/" target="_blank">may have flown it </a></b>at Gettysburg
when he led V Corps. The flag was probably returned to Meade once the 1864
style of headquarters flags were issued. The flag was donated to what was then
the War Library and Museum in 1937 by his grandchildren and
great-grandchildren. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Other Pennsylvania venues that highlight Meade</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">Meade’s legacy is covered at several institutions in Philadelphia, including
the Grand Army of the Republic Civil War Museum & Library. <b><a href="https://garmuslib.org/featured-exhibits" target="_blank">It has an exhibit </a></b>on the general, including many photos, and another unusual item – the
head of Old Baldy, Meade’s war horse.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">The National Constitution Center, while it has no Meade items in its
permanent collection, does have several on loan from the Gettysburg Foundation <b><a href="https://constitutioncenter.org/about/press-room/press-kit/exhibition-press-kits/civil-war-and-reconstruction-the-battle-for-freedom-and-equality-press-kit" target="_blank">for the exhibit</a></b> “<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Civil War & Reconstruction:
The Battle for Freedom and Equality.” Those are the general’s sword and
scabbard, dress spurs and field glasses with case <i>(shown in photo below among other artifacts</i>).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"></span></p><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUpYVT7SS0yfJ0jjIeqw5yvtRZrKq8WbZYQZT5YkXYYbKyKeLc93xky58pZ-KEk1kriIzTPGNz6_1vUu7O91CXQMYzKiRzLO0yIQ01e653dJKBn5cfWo2NR6XAKHJAo2ErtAFgpV9TSXbo7rdyFnd64XBkanqJjbQ6eHqLexTn3PQihrGiK6w-iLZubBzl/s2048/NCC%20better.JPEG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="591" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUpYVT7SS0yfJ0jjIeqw5yvtRZrKq8WbZYQZT5YkXYYbKyKeLc93xky58pZ-KEk1kriIzTPGNz6_1vUu7O91CXQMYzKiRzLO0yIQ01e653dJKBn5cfWo2NR6XAKHJAo2ErtAFgpV9TSXbo7rdyFnd64XBkanqJjbQ6eHqLexTn3PQihrGiK6w-iLZubBzl/w443-h591/NCC%20better.JPEG" width="443" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From the collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia, on loan from Gettysburg Foundation<br /> and National Constitution Center, photo courtesy NCC</td></tr></tbody></table>"The</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">
sword is a M1839 Topographical Engineers sword used by Meade and supposedly the
one where he broke the tip of the blade off while striking a soldier at
Fredericksburg,” said Kwolek.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The Union League has multiple papers, orders,
photographs and other items related to Meade. Click <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://ulheritagecenter.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?keyword=Meade%2C%20George%20Gordon" target="_blank">here</a></b> and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://ulheritagecenter.pastperfectonline.com/Search?search_criteria=Meade&onlyimages=false" target="_blank">here</a></b> for
examples.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">“Our archives and collections are available to the public through
research appointments,” Keeley Tulio, archivist and collections manager with
the group’s Heritage Center, said in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: rgb(248, 248, 248); color: black;">Meade was awarded The Union League of Philadelphia Silver
Medal in 1863 and The Union League of Philadelphia Gold Medal in 1866.</span></p></span><p></p></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-38029741922521006922024-02-04T05:51:00.001-05:002024-02-04T05:51:27.207-05:00Repairs on Pemberton's Headquarters at Vicksburg finally moving full steam ahead. This is where the general stayed in last months of the siege<p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-1CF7g3PmACXfY1x75A_YRM7YOCcAOGCxe27be8dM0be4KMZhg2v14NJfrQRJTxHuexYcYissugITcgytmiyNSC2dv9OjQXQo9TBXuaGKBUYeBNe9H7r2B9jxDcx7JJeygO87d0pFl-qyWXsbLAN6ZYxcnM4JLuJ2u6R36ClX3eqBP8herHywA_lx2jZq/s1161/Porch%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1161" data-original-width="1007" height="644" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-1CF7g3PmACXfY1x75A_YRM7YOCcAOGCxe27be8dM0be4KMZhg2v14NJfrQRJTxHuexYcYissugITcgytmiyNSC2dv9OjQXQo9TBXuaGKBUYeBNe9H7r2B9jxDcx7JJeygO87d0pFl-qyWXsbLAN6ZYxcnM4JLuJ2u6R36ClX3eqBP8herHywA_lx2jZq/w560-h644/Porch%20combo.jpg" width="560" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Workers are doing a total rebuild of the home's front porch (NPS photos)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">After delays due to a redesign and the availability of
quality wood, <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/vick/planyourvisit/pemberton-s-headquarters-rehabilitation.htm" target="_blank">workers have finished the roof and are rebuilding</a></b> the deteriorated front porch of
Confederate Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton’s headquarters in Vicksburg, Ms., officials
said.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">In December, crews finished repairing the roof the
Willis-Cowan House, Vicksburg National Military Park recently announced regarding the major rehabilitation project on the dwelling. Porch
work is expected to be completed by summer.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemberton used the home on Crawford
Street as his headquarters from May 23-July 4, 1863, during the Union army’s
siege on Vicksburg.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemberton – working from <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/historyculture/pembertons-headquarters.htm?fbclid=IwAR0UcNh5lySubhw8ix3VAHtgxsku5Kp_Y50zEVaMMS__negMbBPQpQkWKXg" target="_blank">a first-floor office</a></b> -- and his
staff tried to manage the desperate situation. But by July 2, it appeared his
isolated, famished and exhausted army could withstand no more. That night, they
met and decided to negotiate for peace with Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant.
Pemberton sent a letter to Grant on July 3 and <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battles-detail.htm?battleCode=ms011" target="_blank">the surrender occurred</a></b> the following
day.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1;"><b><a href="https://theclio.com/entry/125077" target="_blank">The home</a></b>
survived the Civil War,</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> becoming a residence,
Catholic school and bed and breakfast over the years. The NPS acquired the
property in 2003 and opened it to visitors from <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/news/park-opens-pemberton-hq-to-visitors.htm" target="_blank">2008 to 2016</a></b>, when it was
closed because of safety concerns. Some observers have commented online about the lengthy closure.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6z_jU8HgMSyaKuTUF7ZVvS4rXENyXH12mjIzgM_gn-3S9VnUebnSRgROtds5RMAbcTCHPAUhytvySuWRL3S4lsim-gDCCxkd2IJ6SmCjkOjdixdk5lXsBeOrSbq267vCcM1Y48cn1DyMNCiWYbSbVXRY1Hf7DhauophZ5dhSWVgFKKsdLal0K3I0Eei5S/s943/Mardorf.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="943" data-original-width="677" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6z_jU8HgMSyaKuTUF7ZVvS4rXENyXH12mjIzgM_gn-3S9VnUebnSRgROtds5RMAbcTCHPAUhytvySuWRL3S4lsim-gDCCxkd2IJ6SmCjkOjdixdk5lXsBeOrSbq267vCcM1Y48cn1DyMNCiWYbSbVXRY1Hf7DhauophZ5dhSWVgFKKsdLal0K3I0Eei5S/w144-h200/Mardorf.jpg" width="144" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The Picket reached out to the park about the extensive
rehabilitation of the building. Superintendent Carrie Mardorf (<i>left</i>) provided
these details. Responses have been edited.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q. Regarding
the porch, the park has said it wanted to use salvageable wood when possible.
Has that happened? If so, can you generally detail how much is being reused and
how? What type of new wood is going up?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A.</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Yes, salvageable wood was reused to the
degree possible. However, during the dismantling of the porch, there was
additional deterioration in several of the wood members that was not
anticipated. Because if this, it was determined that 100% of the
structural members (posts, joists, and rafters), and 70% plus of the balustrade
and floor/ceiling planks had to be replaced. The new wood is a mixture of
treated lumber for joists and rafters (to prevent future deterioration), and
Southern yellow pine for columns and other millwork.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSGNufbadpchQy20616mDCyL-RGAN9DVLfp4kQtcDzfN-AAuTGiuSkmqgCLHv-YUB-6JtPGEP8_XitdHpVzWx4mgB_N5UcLXXPyawVm31ga7qUuCRnDYdbzNOPAbYl6JQkrF6ZUR21qOHn8dBgKqPGhFkDSh32sUAMEYi3ma-JLhxBBLQZZH2EjAvQWdki/s1080/Porch%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="454" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSGNufbadpchQy20616mDCyL-RGAN9DVLfp4kQtcDzfN-AAuTGiuSkmqgCLHv-YUB-6JtPGEP8_XitdHpVzWx4mgB_N5UcLXXPyawVm31ga7qUuCRnDYdbzNOPAbYl6JQkrF6ZUR21qOHn8dBgKqPGhFkDSh32sUAMEYi3ma-JLhxBBLQZZH2EjAvQWdki/w454-h454/Porch%202.jpg" width="454" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q. Are
the white column supports for the porch the ones that were already there?<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A. </span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1;">Yes, those
components were able to be reused.<b> </b></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q. The
park had said: <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">(Previous)
shortening of the columns caused a flat roof over the west side of the porch to
slope in the wrong direction, causing moisture problems. </span>How
has that been addressed? Are the new columns going to be longer?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A.</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">New structural columns now rest on a metal
column plate, which will not be seen once the trim boards are added. The plate
will keep the bottom portion of the columns dry to prevent rot. The lower
portion of the previous structural columns rotted (and thus appeared shorter)
because there was no metal plate. The replacement column height will be
the original height.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU3t3JiLo0xzkgU-B9-dh-g2kIotZUJPraGGi19jMIUtgKa3f1uUAwQgl9NroYE3m2Aga94vmbx0btft1TRfbV5yQw9Lb-62A5oBqjem1sBmj_TpdO1vbNVTvEE_3hIL_FVQMtGcmG6ss1q_wq07b8Hvg_1Nr1TzMKe28gzWj8ac8GBWm9CYNq27pnpLEH/s2204/Facade.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2204" data-original-width="1600" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU3t3JiLo0xzkgU-B9-dh-g2kIotZUJPraGGi19jMIUtgKa3f1uUAwQgl9NroYE3m2Aga94vmbx0btft1TRfbV5yQw9Lb-62A5oBqjem1sBmj_TpdO1vbNVTvEE_3hIL_FVQMtGcmG6ss1q_wq07b8Hvg_1Nr1TzMKe28gzWj8ac8GBWm9CYNq27pnpLEH/w265-h366/Facade.jpg" width="265" /></a></span></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">A. Regarding
the roof, the project listed this objective: <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Weathertight structure which will include a new slate roof, a
stainless-steel coated metal roof, proper flashing at chimneys and walls,
structural modifications throughout, and preservation repairs to wooden
elements. </span>Did all of that occur? <o:p></o:p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A.</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Yes, all of the work has occurred, and
structural modifications were needed. Structural modification included the
introduction of structural steel to support the weight of the new roof.
Additional repairs are also underway for all the other millwork. The
project paused due to the availability of quality structural lumber and the
length of time to acquire it. (<i>At right, a historic photo of the facade</i>)</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q. Has
the work been constant the past two years, or has it been done in spurts?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">. <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The project paused in 2022-2023 to redesign
the porch to address structural concerns and replace additional wood members
that had unforeseen deterioration. The redesign included more metal structural
supports and the new plans had to be reviewed and approved by the State
Historic Preservation Office. Work resumed in November 2023.<b> <o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q.
The estimated price tag for the work two years back was $704,000. Is that
current?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A. </span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1;">The project
increased by $300,000 to incorporate the structural redesign and additional
repairs to the porch. Total project construction cost is now approximately $1.1
million.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3TXcL0kyp_bfobJ7ZIB-YjWunX-JUrFplyVdi3Mvyn8zrX1FIyJfhXZt3B3vGm_T8IuuU1O-bHjenK_e9JuYhpM6f5I7PZZZsxN8wD1RJZwcTEhTXxnAHoOnkeKcsljgfRtbZg_IqAhMS-10EBAXZw_6VBIPRyH_uWDDMxwGyv6l51vHquBlrjF6EvAtl/s688/combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="311" data-original-width="688" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3TXcL0kyp_bfobJ7ZIB-YjWunX-JUrFplyVdi3Mvyn8zrX1FIyJfhXZt3B3vGm_T8IuuU1O-bHjenK_e9JuYhpM6f5I7PZZZsxN8wD1RJZwcTEhTXxnAHoOnkeKcsljgfRtbZg_IqAhMS-10EBAXZw_6VBIPRyH_uWDDMxwGyv6l51vHquBlrjF6EvAtl/w534-h242/combo.jpg" width="534" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Pemberton and the Willis-Cowan house before work began (Library of Congress and NPS)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q.
Any interesting finds so far during the project -- artifacts, architectural and
construction details?<o:p></o:p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">. <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">No, Pemberton's Headquarters served as a
private residence from the late 1800s to early 2000s. The building and site
have been heavily altered over time by its previous residents.<b> <o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Q.
What will become of the building? Will it be staffed/reopened to the public? If
so, when might that happen?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">A.</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> The
building will continue to be preserved. The roof and porch project is the first
of several needed repairs to address deferred maintenance. Additional
phases of work are planned to address interior repairs, exterior windows and
doors, upgraded utilities including fire suppression system, and retaining
walls. The structure will not<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> be
staffed or opened to the public until the phases of work are completed.</span></span></span></p>
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</tbody></table></div><p></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-44846555311988148432024-02-02T07:55:00.000-05:002024-02-02T07:55:30.988-05:00Vandals target six signs, earthworks and wood fencing along trail leading to summit at Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park<p><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh01dF7_802yCc7Ta5QxpI0SmI1mV-cBeZr7OwGSJIxxoC4Sa0LNdLnovfk2hrQKbqN4FPuKb5yxqzxaj8dSr4wbOgO35TQcFS5mgalxEHl2glD_w4Hlq5BZe0hmKhBYy_f88EbeJnTuiSGeRdIoFN5vbGjH7BGtMvssqTAmax5dnlKd1JGDOKpUj9Hm0io/s2048/Vandals%201.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh01dF7_802yCc7Ta5QxpI0SmI1mV-cBeZr7OwGSJIxxoC4Sa0LNdLnovfk2hrQKbqN4FPuKb5yxqzxaj8dSr4wbOgO35TQcFS5mgalxEHl2glD_w4Hlq5BZe0hmKhBYy_f88EbeJnTuiSGeRdIoFN5vbGjH7BGtMvssqTAmax5dnlKd1JGDOKpUj9Hm0io/w317-h422/Vandals%201.jpg" width="317" /></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Vandals destroyed or damaged six signs, several sections of split-rail fencing and
caused minor damage to Civil War earthworks, said officials at <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/kemo/index.htm" target="_blank">Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park</a></b> northwest of Atlanta.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Hikers on the
Kennesaw Mountain Trail discovered the damage last Saturday morning, said Ray
Hamel, chief of interpretation at the park.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">“</span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There were no reports of vandalism from visitors or NPS
personnel when the park closed Friday evening,” he said in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The destruction extended from
approximately halfway up the mountain trail to the summit. (NPS photo at left)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Regarding the small section of earthworks:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“The
damage was limited to a single small section of earthworks and appears to have
been caused by foot traffic. This section was occupied by Confederate troops,
<b><a href="https://kennesawmountain.wordpress.com/order-of-battle-2/confederate-order-of-battle/" target="_blank">Walthall’s Division, Loring’s Corps</a></b>,” Hamel said. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“The incident is under
investigation,” the ranger said. “The park will make the repairs.” There are no
cameras on that portion of the trail.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: arial;">The park is asking with any information about the trail damage to call </span><span style="font-family: arial;">770-427-4686, ext. 0.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInuW4AmU2gbcUm1kXxmO7k48NS_F3LJAo0SNP5h2fiuE81iqnwlDy6dLu09Qy6xd-A9c86x7PZ4sH2mhDQtJV-Lx1wQ8GW5f4AXEfl_rcVhUhG4-qRpKAiNEPMntfxHz1hddGv9ZDjQvi-YrI8bc3-_PVuIR0Qrq_ndrCQNiNbr_fDYSgqN-x3ydz864Y/s2048/Vandals%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInuW4AmU2gbcUm1kXxmO7k48NS_F3LJAo0SNP5h2fiuE81iqnwlDy6dLu09Qy6xd-A9c86x7PZ4sH2mhDQtJV-Lx1wQ8GW5f4AXEfl_rcVhUhG4-qRpKAiNEPMntfxHz1hddGv9ZDjQvi-YrI8bc3-_PVuIR0Qrq_ndrCQNiNbr_fDYSgqN-x3ydz864Y/s320/Vandals%202.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">One of a half dozen signs targeted by vandals (NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">There have been instances of minor vandalism in the past at Kennesaw Mountain.</span><div><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial;">In 2021, someone tried to set the <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2014/03/magnificent-restored-kennesaw-monument.html">Illinois Monument</a> </b>ablaze. A lewd image was carved into the stone, according to </span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.ajc.com/neighborhoods/cobb/civil-war-monument-vandalized-at-kennesaw-mountain-national-battlefield-park/IQNLA7S4BFECDK2WJFJECZMPPM/" target="_blank">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></b><span style="font-family: arial;">. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">The grave marking of an unknown soldier and a tombstone for a Union
soldier were also vandalized.</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">Park superintendent Patrick Gammon at the time said: "</span><span style="background: white; color: #212126; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">It’s really sad to see something like this
happen because we have to remember our past, remember those who fought for our
country.”</span><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWrNj8qrQf6MiFX6jg_7g0rQHC0RGqJyQk2gVZ-A8LBFnRNgrBQ6v79TpBkC85Vg6DCoaU13nFRvmwpDe-z422SxCbKqhNNYVVp_636nd_rLn_af-AYOoyVIh9j9jYD46eWSZ9qAK22Ia6UMfTfaqbkInTl2b0vn6GsWax9DJ9oBKv4YeZoiYbgwgsZbnT/s2048/Vandals%203.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWrNj8qrQf6MiFX6jg_7g0rQHC0RGqJyQk2gVZ-A8LBFnRNgrBQ6v79TpBkC85Vg6DCoaU13nFRvmwpDe-z422SxCbKqhNNYVVp_636nd_rLn_af-AYOoyVIh9j9jYD46eWSZ9qAK22Ia6UMfTfaqbkInTl2b0vn6GsWax9DJ9oBKv4YeZoiYbgwgsZbnT/w433-h325/Vandals%203.jpg" width="433" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A jumble of split-rail fencing at the Kennesaw summit (NPS photo)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">Another Civil War site reported this week announced criminal activity.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";"><b><a href="https://www.facebook.com/manassasbattlefield" target="_blank">Manassas National Battlefield Park</a></b> in Northern
Virginia said Thursday it was investigating the theft of a bronze plaque in a
parking lot near Groveton Confederate Cemetery.</span><div><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background: white; color: #050505; font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">The marker was placed in 1928 by the Virginia Battlefield Markers Association.</span></div></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-490590688195370972024-01-31T13:18:00.019-05:002024-02-02T10:19:11.774-05:00Moving forward: Sultana Disaster Museum in Marion, Ark., signs construction contract for a larger venue about 1865 Mississippi River tragedy<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZdFJolaMBKWJ8mgY9NBR7Alqtjl5qpzbKxNY1INevOJOkRkiZsCYn_5ep6x9DM4XVlF_paP7hTZw3DpyoxccjOxy084a-mYx3TitbA5sos1tZ_z-foc64sbnjeRzpWGfWK5fTzfWhFwmXlVas33soKiZb6h5lvI_z6q2zwqFbmymgAygMZYkxySwVrrAQ/s1388/Front%20rendering.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="877" data-original-width="1388" height="368" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZdFJolaMBKWJ8mgY9NBR7Alqtjl5qpzbKxNY1INevOJOkRkiZsCYn_5ep6x9DM4XVlF_paP7hTZw3DpyoxccjOxy084a-mYx3TitbA5sos1tZ_z-foc64sbnjeRzpWGfWK5fTzfWhFwmXlVas33soKiZb6h5lvI_z6q2zwqFbmymgAygMZYkxySwVrrAQ/w582-h368/Front%20rendering.jpg" width="582" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Current design for front of museum (Courtesy Sultana Disaster Museum)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">Backers of a larger and more dynamic museum about the Sultana maritime disaster
at the end of the Civil War have taken a major step, signing a $6.389 million contract this week for construction of the Marion, Ark., venue.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The contract with
<b><a href="https://zellnerconstruction.com/" target="_blank">Zellner Construction</a></b> of nearby Memphis, Tenn., involves renovating the
1939 high school gymnasium to <b><a href="https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2023/dec/17/sultana-museum-close-to-expansion/" target="_blank">repurpose it as a museum</a></b> and to build an addition
to the front of the museum for an auditorium and entry.<span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We are
elated we have finally signed a construction contract,” said John Fogleman,
president of the <b><a href="https://www.sultanadisastermuseum.com/who-we-are" target="_blank">Sultana Historical Preservation Society</a></b>, which is leading the
effort. “There were many who doubted that a new <b><a href="https://www.sultanadisastermuseum.com/" target="_blank">Sultana Disaster Museum</a></b> would
ever be built.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Fogleman said
he expects construction to perhaps begin in March, after anticipated approval
by government agencies. Officials hope the new site will open in mid-2025,
ideally around the time of the 160<sup>th</sup> anniversary of the tragedy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We selected
Zellner because of their excellent reputation, their course of work in the past
with our architects and the fact they were the low bidder (of five),” he wrote
in an email on Wednesday.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The exhibits
will be bid separately. None have been as yet designed.</span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY5fDNMl5A6O3cj_qei4Qo1yN6xqcB9lGPW4fARQ49VrVXTtibNx87tO5OM4mmL8F5K9byf9MKddCa0WBEHKCAfG3p2WZDzdxRtMEUx8NPZJW8fweCW-XFAX8_txjCQnU_wUuHUCdbzhfPSGcHuElA-Pti5sk4tZPNYdYkOkn_WEXOacMXGTQbtwGmyw/s464/sultana%20LOC.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="323" data-original-width="464" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY5fDNMl5A6O3cj_qei4Qo1yN6xqcB9lGPW4fARQ49VrVXTtibNx87tO5OM4mmL8F5K9byf9MKddCa0WBEHKCAfG3p2WZDzdxRtMEUx8NPZJW8fweCW-XFAX8_txjCQnU_wUuHUCdbzhfPSGcHuElA-Pti5sk4tZPNYdYkOkn_WEXOacMXGTQbtwGmyw/w534-h373/sultana%20LOC.jpg" width="534" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The overcrowded Sultana just hours before the explosion (Library of Congress)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">Gene Salecker,
Sultana author, collector and museum supporter, said he believes the big
attraction will be a mock-up of the forward part of the Sultana</span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">, which will include the
boilers.</span>
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Since the
boilers were the main cause of the destruction of the Sultana, we are hoping to have a
display on how the boilers worked and what went wrong,” he said, describing the
overall museum experience as immersive. “We have tons of information and a great
number of artifacts to put into each display<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We are
hoping to walk people through the entire war/experience of the Sultana. People will walk through a
section about the importance of the Mississippi in American history and the
Civil War. We will have a display on soldiers in the war, on prisoners and on
the prisoner exchange. The history of the Sultana will cover
its construction, it's early life, it's importance of spreading the word of
Lincoln's assassination, and then the overcrowding, the explosion, the rescues
and the reunions.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222;">The disaster is currently remembered at a small museum a few blocks from the future site. </span><span style="background-color: white;">Dreams for a larger facility <b><a href="https://www.parispi.net/opinion/columns/article_c0c7d2f2-5bb1-11ee-8106-47c6ba36911d.html" target="_blank">germinated many years ago</a></b>.</span></span></p>
<span style="font-family: arial;">The city,
close to where the side-wheeler Sultana </span><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2022/11/survivor-artifacts-and-memories.html" style="font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">exploded and caught fire</a><b style="font-family: arial;"> </b><span style="font-family: arial;">in the Mississippi River, broke ground in
2022 for a museum that will honor soldiers who died in the disaster and
residents who helped save others who were plunged into the river in
late April 1865.</span><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcYQ9GwxPjdwESHgyKTWq-XIBXSwhgS7i2D9NsiUABeDsZENM50s7orVbcorLTiVvA_NFIT_dxblKbgD-Rm7cN1NKjGVAdK0v7zFEy61lrSxwKrFaor29BdM5EV9cbKDQXbRIj0fyNWG_-yWM4wCmIgg2I1hHehVdagO_3h3fgU4ybsF87BInMNInfzA/s1367/comb.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="967" data-original-width="1367" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcYQ9GwxPjdwESHgyKTWq-XIBXSwhgS7i2D9NsiUABeDsZENM50s7orVbcorLTiVvA_NFIT_dxblKbgD-Rm7cN1NKjGVAdK0v7zFEy61lrSxwKrFaor29BdM5EV9cbKDQXbRIj0fyNWG_-yWM4wCmIgg2I1hHehVdagO_3h3fgU4ybsF87BInMNInfzA/w452-h318/comb.JPG" width="452" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Carved comb made by Union POW in a Confederate prison (Gene Salecker)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">About 1,200 passengers and crew
perished. Hundreds of Federal soldiers, many recently freed from
Confederate prisons, including Andersonville and Cahaba, were on their way
home.</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Museum officials say the exhibits will build off the full story of the
Sultana with information about the importance of the river, the Confederate
prisoner of war camps at Cahaba and Andersonville, the bribery and corruption
that led to the overcrowding of the side-wheel steamboat, the explosion and
fire, and the creation of the Sultana Survivors Association.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Fogleman and others have raised thus far donations, grants and pledges
totaling $10.369 million. “We are still seeking money,” he said. The city of
Marion has helped with fund-raising, including revenue from the Advertising and
Promotion Committee to fund operating costs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">The society’s board added three new members, according to Fogleman, with
the aim of having younger representatives and more women. They bring social
media, marketing, banking and other skills, he said.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The story of the Sultana runs deep in the blood of two
members of the Sultana society.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white;">Fogleman’s great-grandfather, John Fogleman, after lashing
two or three logs together, poled his way through the current of the Mississippi
River and toward survivors.</span> He plucked dozens of people -- mostly
Federal soldiers -- from the chilly river. It’s possible his sons Leroy and
Gustavus assisted.<o:p></o:p></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_2I3qoWKoS24MvtHxgLRNICYgh9XVWyjU8rdok2XheYR4crUhv7PrP7s1ag37LmoPmOsuaab5savam0iF5WdrfMUw4DHcVZPy-trjfsYK0US2QQv-IN2buVururSxxZKqbHNljJ7_Bw3G/s1600/trio.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="746" data-original-width="1600" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_2I3qoWKoS24MvtHxgLRNICYgh9XVWyjU8rdok2XheYR4crUhv7PrP7s1ag37LmoPmOsuaab5savam0iF5WdrfMUw4DHcVZPy-trjfsYK0US2QQv-IN2buVururSxxZKqbHNljJ7_Bw3G/w450-h209/trio.jpg" width="450" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption">Franklin Barton and LeRoy and Gustavus Fogleman (Courtesy of John Fogleman)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">The present-day Fogleman’s and cousin Frank Barton share
another great-great-grandfather, </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">Franklin Hardin Barton, an officer with the 23<sup>rd</sup> Arkansas
Cavalry. He used a dugout canoe to reach survivors, many of whom were burned or
scalded.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;">Frank Barton, treasurer of the Sultana Historical Society,
told the Picket on Wednesday he is glad the Sultana story will “finally have a permanent
venue that is befitting of this historical event and will honor those men and
women that were aboard the Sultana that fateful night in April of 1865. Part of
the Sultana story is how this country forgot those individuals and this new
museum will be another step in correcting that part of the Sultana disaster
story.</span>”</span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"><i>This article will be updated</i></span></p><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"><b>Previous Sultana coverage:<br /><br /></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"><b><a href="http://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2015/03/ss-sultana-disaster-new-museum-events.html">• Documentary, events mark 150th anniversary</a><br /></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><div class="MsoNormal"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"><a href="http://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/05/sinking-of-sultana-will-journal-and.html" target="_blank"><b>• Will victim's journal and Bible become part of collection?</b></a></span></span></div></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"><a href="http://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2015/04/sultana-disaster-descendants-drop.html"><b>• Descendants drop flowers in memory of the lost</b></a></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white;"><a href="http://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2012/03/100-percent-accurate-scale-except-for.html">• Model captures every detail of Sultana</a><br /></span></span><a href="http://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2012/04/sultana-disaster-took-lives-of-those.html" style="background-color: white;">• Disaster took lives of those who had endured so much</a><br /></span><a href="http://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2015/12/sultana-disaster-sister-brother-recall.html">• Siblings recall learning of disaster</a></b></span></div></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-58237647319739063272024-01-27T03:17:00.010-05:002024-01-30T18:19:00.615-05:00Pennsylvania State Police want to know who dumped a replica Civil War revolver in the trash can at a Gettysburg Walmart. It's a 'legit firearm'<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNY16fxvXyWEXcWv1L8sxjqtPsrwuehVmzSxnXxHTeyjNbKLoXK08naM32T8OMdByutf9mpYDNnsSDhtPSra0Tl9EP_SggCha38vXg2iznXKLziERZOHaOFQ53KHf3lHXZUIFDUp6H3QSU5epCE1xoE2DFvaSJ5u5gRKOfvu9Cgg8ZkRWvCuisJ2JInaPS/s1572/Repro%20revolver.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1179" data-original-width="1572" height="428" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNY16fxvXyWEXcWv1L8sxjqtPsrwuehVmzSxnXxHTeyjNbKLoXK08naM32T8OMdByutf9mpYDNnsSDhtPSra0Tl9EP_SggCha38vXg2iznXKLziERZOHaOFQ53KHf3lHXZUIFDUp6H3QSU5epCE1xoE2DFvaSJ5u5gRKOfvu9Cgg8ZkRWvCuisJ2JInaPS/w571-h428/Repro%20revolver.jpeg" width="571" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This weapon was found in a store trash can in Gettysburg (Photo: Pennsylvania State Police)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Some news outlets
in Pennsylvania this week wrote that a Civil War revolver was found
Tuesday by a Walmart employee in Gettysburg while emptying a trash can in the parking lot.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">All of that is
true – except for the fact that the weapon does not date to the war. It’s a
replica made by an <b><a href="https://www.pietta.it/1851-navy" target="_blank">Italian company</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://www.psp.pa.gov/PIRRs/Gettysburg%20Press%20Releases/H_GETTY_25JAN2024_0749.pdf" target="_blank">An incident report</a></b> filed by a Pennsylvania State Police trooper described the gun as a
Pietta 1851 Confederate Navy Revolver (the short report does not include the
words Civil War).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">Trooper Megan
E. Frazer, a public information officer for the Harrisburg station, told the
Picket in an email Friday that the unloaded firearm is believed to be a black powder-style
.44-caliber revolver with a brass frame. She said the investigating officer <span style="background: white; color: #222222;">did not believe the weapon to be authentic “based on
machined markings and 2020 marked on the underside of the barrel," but called it a "legit firearm."</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #555555; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">"It appeared to have been used," Frazer said.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Frazer said
there were no leads in the investigation into how it came to be in a trash can
in the city famous for the July 1863 Battle of Gettysburg, and whether it is
tied to any Civil War venues or sites.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Jason Martz,
spokesman for Gettysburg National Military Park, said nothing has been reported
missing or stolen from its collections.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">On its
website, <b><a href="https://www.pietta.it/home-pietta" target="_blank">Pietta says the firm</a></b> is “synonymous with the most faithful and refined reproductions of historical weapons and high quality hunting rifles.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">F.LII </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Pietta makes
<b><a href="https://www.pietta.it/_files/ugd/65b4a4_f57f53c1f1804331824b7185e947122b.pdf" target="_blank">several versions of</a></b> the Colt 1851 Navy revolver, one of the most famous
firearms from the Civil War. They are listed as either Yank or Confederate,
with .36-caliber and .44-caliber variations.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>More Picket coverage</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>-- <a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2024/01/gettysburg-hopes-little-round-top-will.html" target="_blank">Gettysburg hopes Little Top will reopen in early July</a><br />-- <a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2024/01/virginias-henrico-county-has-bought.html" target="_blank">Virginia's Henrico County buys farm that was scene of several Civil War events</a></b></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-89821226602537580522024-01-24T17:36:00.004-05:002024-01-25T16:15:47.146-05:00Gettysburg hopes Little Round Top will reopen before 161st anniversary events in early July. The site has undergone improvements over the past two years.<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyyiz0G8n24G97uMi92XVpUyTNBsqrWrFAaPFNrzCUPRD6z5EPVKrO2FHWMlfTE3ONE4ZMUSuXmeX4OMyHQY8u58PMGaL0CDpnKUGZOOzCiCDwLvTkkCXlDOtfGt1KPnWFwrotXGwYPhrxI00dBRrI1AG1975TS2vas0frq_4SwWWGz4XDdSnzgwdmpJs6/s4998/91st%20PA.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3294" data-original-width="4998" height="354" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyyiz0G8n24G97uMi92XVpUyTNBsqrWrFAaPFNrzCUPRD6z5EPVKrO2FHWMlfTE3ONE4ZMUSuXmeX4OMyHQY8u58PMGaL0CDpnKUGZOOzCiCDwLvTkkCXlDOtfGt1KPnWFwrotXGwYPhrxI00dBRrI1AG1975TS2vas0frq_4SwWWGz4XDdSnzgwdmpJs6/w538-h354/91st%20PA.jpg" width="538" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">A new retaining wall is built at the 91st Pennsylvania monument (GNMP)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Gettysburg
National Military Park estimates Little Round Top will reopen to the public in
late spring or early summer, nearly two years after a massive rehabilitation project
began, according to a park spokesman.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">The popular
site closed on July 26, 2022, to the disappointment of visitors who planned
trips but welcomed by others who lauded the project.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">The hill is
where Union forces fought off a furious Confederate assault on July 2, 1863,
during the three-day battle in Pennsylvania.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Park officials have said they are addressing ongoing problems at the overcrowded site. They
cited erosion, overwhelmed parking areas, poor accessibility and related safety
hazards, and degraded vegetation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">“This project will also enhance the visitor experience with improved interpretive signage, new accessible trail alignments, and gathering areas. These improvements will allow visitors to better immerse themselves into the historic landscape that is essential to understanding the three-day Battle of Gettysburg,” a 2022 news release said.<span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="329" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0FY4iMr0kHo" width="396" youtube-src-id="0FY4iMr0kHo"></iframe></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="https://www.nps.gov/gett/learn/historyculture/little-round-top.htm" target="_blank">A
park page on the project</a></span></b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""><a href="https://www.nps.gov/gett/learn/historyculture/little-round-top.htm" target="_blank"> </a>says the aim is to </span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;">“reestablish,
preserve, and protect the features that make up this segment of the battlefield
landscape.” </span></span><p class="MsoNormal">
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">Some 164 feet above the Plum Run Valley to the west, the hill became the
anchor of the Union’s left flank and a focal point of Confederate attacks on
the afternoon of July 2. The 4</span><sup><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">th</span></sup><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">,15</span><sup><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">th and 47th</span></sup><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;"> Alabama regiments made a series of legendary assaults
against the 20</span><sup><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">th</span></sup><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;"> Maine.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">“The (Maine) regiment’s sudden, desperate bayonet charge blunted the Confederate assault on Little Round Top and has been credited with saving Major General George Gordon Meade’s Army of the Potomac, winning the Battle of Gettysburg and setting the South on a long, irreversible path to defeat,” according to the </span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/defense-little-round-top" target="_blank">American Battlefield Trust</a></b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">Wednesday’s update on social media indicated Little Round Top may be open in time for 161<sup>st</sup> anniversary programs and events in early July. The Picket reached out to park spokesman Jason Martz..</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">"Maybe. That is our hope, but it's too soon to speculate," Martz said in an email.</span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjRGcL32TZwmnrYIziB7SMPiexNiaTsA2itrKrX0pwKrmmDuQjiim_A898I4sTw4wtEgFGbry9cuV_yPIJMPxo-lZ4k5SfL0Ww9L2ZA881Yqqzfb6OfAG6nTKOASiADJL8ItsUsDzRXK4QKQyAVSFgVD4z0MJGNjoCJEzV_l-h1LrIp5Kn5c4i30FA8TQ=s7308" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="5746" data-original-width="7308" height="346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjRGcL32TZwmnrYIziB7SMPiexNiaTsA2itrKrX0pwKrmmDuQjiim_A898I4sTw4wtEgFGbry9cuV_yPIJMPxo-lZ4k5SfL0Ww9L2ZA881Yqqzfb6OfAG6nTKOASiADJL8ItsUsDzRXK4QKQyAVSFgVD4z0MJGNjoCJEzV_l-h1LrIp5Kn5c4i30FA8TQ=w439-h346" width="439" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Little Round Top seen from Plum Run Valley (Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">Little Round Top traditionally is the top destination for park visitors, he said, followed by the visitor center and museum and Devil's Den.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">When asked
about archaeological investigations during the work, Martz said a lot of battle
material was found, including “a few unique items, but nothing that would move
the needle too much one way or the other. The archaeological process is long and
drawn out and final details won't be available for quite some time.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><b><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/09/us/civil-war-shell-gettysburg-pennsylvania/index.html" target="_blank">A Dyer artillery round was found</a></b> in February 2022, with park officials saying then they
believe a Confederate cannon fired </span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; letter-spacing: .3pt;">at Federal position and
mistakenly dropped them on friendly Texas regiments trying to navigate the
difficult terrain.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Martz said
officials have enough details to largely close the loop on that story and will
provide an update in the future.</span></p></span></span><p></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-27311301343669067032024-01-24T15:44:00.005-05:002024-01-26T08:38:42.844-05:00Virginia's Henrico County has bought a James River parcel rich with history. Now it will decide how to tell the story of the Civil War, enslaved people and colonial days<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJRM0bcdAMDkYYwZ8b_kGhLkfeo2bYg1bN75JR-Oh-MvXn-qmyMDQRwUuRXHMAJUhS_9MJ6hHoTAIks5jI5gHZbk8nb-HW_6qr9CxUEw51UdNnaYwCsIsZ3D-U0bjhzp_YN6HUUtzm6ZWLB3L6862CMieYj9b7XJU_VeEGwQUP4bFX4e8_Llo6i7oG-kf3/s3426/Top%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3426" data-original-width="3197" height="618" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJRM0bcdAMDkYYwZ8b_kGhLkfeo2bYg1bN75JR-Oh-MvXn-qmyMDQRwUuRXHMAJUhS_9MJ6hHoTAIks5jI5gHZbk8nb-HW_6qr9CxUEw51UdNnaYwCsIsZ3D-U0bjhzp_YN6HUUtzm6ZWLB3L6862CMieYj9b7XJU_VeEGwQUP4bFX4e8_Llo6i7oG-kf3/w578-h618/Top%20combo.jpg" width="578" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Varina plantation home, cannonballs in wall and Benjamin Butler (Henrico Co. and Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Bald eagles,
ducks and geese routinely take flight near a weathered two-story brick home
that sits on a sloping hill southeast of Richmond. The dwelling has a circle
driveway on one side and a view of the James River on the other. Fields that
have been tilled for generations lie just to the north and west.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">For all its
bucolic setting, Varina Farms, or Varina on the James, has another facet: history
as deep and rich as the soil. The former plantation is considered the
birthplace of Henrico County, which curves around Richmond and is home to
340,000 residents.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">In the early
1600s, English settler <b><a href="https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/rolfe-john-d-1622/" target="_blank">John Rolfe</a></b>, husband of indigenous <b><a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pocahontas-Powhatan-princess" target="_blank">Princess Pocahontas</a></b>,
discovered the soil and climate at the site were suited for growing mild tobacco, with the
name Varina linked to a form of Spanish tobacco.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Civil War
came to Varina Farms about 250 years later, and the property was a scene of combat,
prisoner exchanges and the headquarters of Union Maj. Gen. Benjamin Butler. Confederate
cannonballs struck the 1853 Classic Revival home, and there are signs of those today.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">At one point, Butler built a pontoon bridge to carry his men and supplies
across the river to attack Richmond in 1864.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQjz-251LF1gDeuYypqSJFDO-mQmcZMn5MpDZj8K0zqteKbFK07uBeue1naKXMDTCBDIvX5omHzfhuLitwisygZT3NQawBYEndHS_wE1yGAmtTTCQ_-7f9Yv1jtJSV-HX9zauexTqNoap_6EFaIVVuDeCoeQv2yZcwOrHJwGyrLq6Q8e58bbV4QVkcsIaP/s1024/Varina-on-the-James-map-1024x683.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="683" data-original-width="1024" height="322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQjz-251LF1gDeuYypqSJFDO-mQmcZMn5MpDZj8K0zqteKbFK07uBeue1naKXMDTCBDIvX5omHzfhuLitwisygZT3NQawBYEndHS_wE1yGAmtTTCQ_-7f9Yv1jtJSV-HX9zauexTqNoap_6EFaIVVuDeCoeQv2yZcwOrHJwGyrLq6Q8e58bbV4QVkcsIaP/w484-h322/Varina-on-the-James-map-1024x683.jpg" width="484" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Property fronts the James River, 10 miles south of Richmond (Henrico County map)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">With land
preservation and public use in mind, Henrico County leaders<b><a href="https://henrico.us/news/2024/01/henrico-to-buy-2095-acre-varina-farms-for-land-preservation/" target="_blank"> recently purchased the property</a></b> from the <b><a href="https://www.vpm.org/news/2024-01-18/henrico-purchase-historic-varina-farms" target="_blank">Stoneman family</a></b>, which had been its guardian since the early
1900s. The total for two purchases, which includes the battle-scarred 1853
Classic Revival home, came to about $18.5 million. Interstate 295 slices through
the farm.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">“By acquiring this beautiful, vast and irreplaceable property, Henrico
County is making a once-in-a-lifetime move to ensure that our history as a
county, a commonwealth and a nation are preserved and that our precious, scenic
riverfront will remain protected and accessible for generations to come,” said
Board of Supervisors Chairman <b><a href="https://henrico.us/news/2024/01/henrico-to-buy-2095-acre-varina-farms-for-land-preservation/" target="_blank">Tyrone E. Nelson</a></b>.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">County has ideas for site, but wants input from citizens</span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">County
officials will now begin the process of determining future use for the farm,
known as <b><a href="https://forgottenhistory.us/node/992" target="_blank">Aiken’s Landing</a></b> during the Civil War. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
possibilities are as broad as the view of the river, says Julian Charity,
division director for <b><a href="https://henrico.us/rec/history/" target="_blank">history, heritage and natural resources</a></b> in the county
park system. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZPTsiQqXtu55P-MkuVXjFOfvmfm_9V0Bcq9aXGtsRpWRV9JA1yPtr7J4uy8BR0ygYSJ2FzSIVvykvZfP79Yztb7ODMPzj2zp91tTgifKwMsz8d440ZVeTwlYsNqRSCEShqs6yytZ4G5686_TkS-sTanZFP3ysm4lm7jI-hOrDBKWxr4MCPE0bU9NV9rB9/s12000/_49A6967.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="8000" data-original-width="12000" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZPTsiQqXtu55P-MkuVXjFOfvmfm_9V0Bcq9aXGtsRpWRV9JA1yPtr7J4uy8BR0ygYSJ2FzSIVvykvZfP79Yztb7ODMPzj2zp91tTgifKwMsz8d440ZVeTwlYsNqRSCEShqs6yytZ4G5686_TkS-sTanZFP3ysm4lm7jI-hOrDBKWxr4MCPE0bU9NV9rB9/w469-h312/_49A6967.jpg" width="469" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The home has not been occupied for at least a decade (Henrico County photo)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">“We have a
number of ideas, but we’re also interested in what the public would like to see
out there,” Charity told the Picket in an email.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
possibilities include:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- Archaeology across the site, including colonial days;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- Restoration
of the house and interpretation of each lower-floor room for different aspects
of the plantation’s history;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- A new
Civil War museum, riverboat historic tours and archaeological excavations of
the original Varina site;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- A commemorative
site for the enslaved persons who worked the fields and house for about 250
years. The family of Albert Aiken owned about 60 enslaved people on the eve of
the Civil War, according to Charity. Officials have begun compiling a listing
of known names;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- A Native
American interpretive site <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">-- Wetlands
restoration with the James River Association, pollinator gardens and
agriculture classes for county schools.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEZzZYma1TNftRY7cPrdgAt3iTh1t9OnY63ocl9SBcadxcA1AxU_vWUO9GskMIafuA98X8O7uJD0AzJY9kmNf3urN4GLce_o4DzQ3Xlj6co7Pw1dGZMvP7ZnhEM_7h8S1irWzAf7ThYJfe5W6X-PXn5y5pB5IqCM3IAXuUikcBDvnSW3_AtyGzvfmfqr73/s5600/DJI_0012.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3731" data-original-width="5600" height="359" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEZzZYma1TNftRY7cPrdgAt3iTh1t9OnY63ocl9SBcadxcA1AxU_vWUO9GskMIafuA98X8O7uJD0AzJY9kmNf3urN4GLce_o4DzQ3Xlj6co7Pw1dGZMvP7ZnhEM_7h8S1irWzAf7ThYJfe5W6X-PXn5y5pB5IqCM3IAXuUikcBDvnSW3_AtyGzvfmfqr73/w541-h359/DJI_0012.jpg" width="541" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">View of home from "land" side, just past farmland (Henrico County photo).</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">County
officials said any opening of the property is at least a year away. There are
no facilities available to the public at this time and there are no restrooms.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Marc Wagner,<span style="background: white;"> senior architectural historian for the <b><a href="https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/" target="_blank">state Department of Historic Resources</a></b>, said the agency has advised the county on
possible archaeology and how to interpret the dwelling. “We are hoping the
county will invite us back out.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">A lot more of Varina's history lies below the surface</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Department
of Historic Resources champions preservation statewide and has <b><a href="https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/043-0020/" target="_blank">an online database of sites.</a></b> It is familiar with Varina Farms and is standing by to
assist Henrico County, said Mike Clem, the department’s eastern regional
archaeologist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">According to
Charity, archaeology surveys done in the 1970s and 1996 were all surface
observations and collection.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2CPFhA8V9NJ921oybh3XkpcNkX2kfizTUk50chwbcPIQNayFXADe2W_SQ0vDyypAcjnCsPQPa8xtqmqknbaIzyuGwse1ZVlVBPAm7-m6jDb1ENW86GdumdPJMIaZxqtDldUyE2pFe_YGgGcjNpftrcJUeVvwR_ytmT6WSnkBMtHubhBXG8diQ_P8XaSSJ/s3902/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_Exterior_North_Elevation_VLR_Online.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2924" data-original-width="3902" height="382" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2CPFhA8V9NJ921oybh3XkpcNkX2kfizTUk50chwbcPIQNayFXADe2W_SQ0vDyypAcjnCsPQPa8xtqmqknbaIzyuGwse1ZVlVBPAm7-m6jDb1ENW86GdumdPJMIaZxqtDldUyE2pFe_YGgGcjNpftrcJUeVvwR_ytmT6WSnkBMtHubhBXG8diQ_P8XaSSJ/w511-h382/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_Exterior_North_Elevation_VLR_Online.jpg" width="511" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(Marc Wagner, Va. Department of Historic Resources)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">“One of the
first things we would like to do is archaeology,” Charity said. “We are
intending to pinpoint the locations of the early buildings (courthouse, glebe,
parish, ordinary, etc.), Butler’s wharves, enslaved cabin sites, and anything
listed in the vast histories.” This goes back to the early colonial period.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">He says the
site has been picked over during the years, so many historic items are no
longer available.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“As
archaeology is performed, we fully expect to recover hundreds of artifacts
pertaining to the Civil War,” Charity said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Plantation was a busy crossroads, troops site</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Not long into
the Civil War, <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/rich/index.htm" target="_blank">Richmond became a prime objective</a></b> for the Union army, and dozens
of battles and skirmishes took place in Henrico and nearby counties.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Varina on the
James served as an eastern depot for the August 1862 exchange of about 6,000 prisoners,
according to a history in the state’s archives. A brick barn – about 400 yards
from <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the home – briefly held Union prisoners
during the war. The barn was near a wharf used for the exchanges. (Some
histories say the plantation was home to the first cotton mill in the South.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhInxXurcnd_jObKE2dGYXjj3NHn1z18bVX5avFHPM-ylI58P3riTH3qE9ABRBrZPuCxuyiwSCwiMBR8J16hZ9WaM5KqnYEV4xRwJfSx4IQIjwhxd7li-BqaorscjYLPYg2Z7r0iIDxbQXURReeA9llNiVwiiQ4UALbprJ-yQ3hUJY80ZLaqFpZLKFzFeDz/s3521/Bridge%20LOC.tif" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1929" data-original-width="3521" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhInxXurcnd_jObKE2dGYXjj3NHn1z18bVX5avFHPM-ylI58P3riTH3qE9ABRBrZPuCxuyiwSCwiMBR8J16hZ9WaM5KqnYEV4xRwJfSx4IQIjwhxd7li-BqaorscjYLPYg2Z7r0iIDxbQXURReeA9llNiVwiiQ4UALbprJ-yQ3hUJY80ZLaqFpZLKFzFeDz/w549-h301/Bridge%20LOC.tif" width="549" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Federal bridge crosses James River at Varina Landing (Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">The farm was also
used as a major crossing point for Union troops, according to the county.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #231f20; font-family: arial;">In November 1863, the <b><a href="https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/butler-benjamin-f-1818-1893/" target="_blank">controversial Butler received command</a></b>
of the Department of Virginia and North Carolina, and the following May was in
the field again, this time at the head of the new Army of the James.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #231f20;">His army spent months southeast of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>heavily defended Richmond, unsuccessful in
making significant gains, though he notched <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/new-market-heights" target="_blank">a victory at New Market Heights</a></b>,
northwest of Varina, in September 1864. </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">Fourteen
members of the U.S. Colored Troops were awarded the Medal of Honor for their
valor.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Butler used Varina
for his headquarters during part of 1864. According to one history, the general
rode one day to inspect his camps.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“As he passed
some ditches which he thought were filled with his own men, the Rebels fired
upon him. They had reclaimed the land. Butler outran the Rebels and made it
safely to the fort where he met Grant.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Home was struck by Rebel cannonballs</span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The history
says Butler built a log cabin for his headquarters near the home and <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/benjamin-f-butler" target="_blank">used it until war’s end</a></b>, having failed in his assault on Petersburg and being driven
back by Confederate troops.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinpsU-nTov9RppWIaUtGVIKLxFs1Sf-Ucpd82GIxwqKyESF2m5N4IXHvq50QnzFaYdJtiCi4DhXjtP2nFSc3HZVJcNuJAhpsDxYg7Rc6ZDpiJAPJLMdDeZFx3_RI5dNezEXMQAGWqBsztuIc0qkStQjavYsNoqvcsdXfGqUuZzPn0X8UeamFdwt0-ItJk6/s12000/_49A6953.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="8000" data-original-width="12000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinpsU-nTov9RppWIaUtGVIKLxFs1Sf-Ucpd82GIxwqKyESF2m5N4IXHvq50QnzFaYdJtiCi4DhXjtP2nFSc3HZVJcNuJAhpsDxYg7Rc6ZDpiJAPJLMdDeZFx3_RI5dNezEXMQAGWqBsztuIc0qkStQjavYsNoqvcsdXfGqUuZzPn0X8UeamFdwt0-ItJk6/s320/_49A6953.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“The dwelling still shows the damage by cannon
balls, fired by the Confederate batteries, from the Chesterfield side near
Dutch Gap,” according to a 1937 report on the plantation. (<i>Photo of damaged area, Henrico County</i>)<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The brick west
wall of the home today is pocked with small craters made by the artillery
rounds.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Wagner said: “You
can tell the cannon balls are cemented into the damaged brick. On site we
wondered if that was done for effect by later owners. Would the cannon
fire have hit the wall and lodged in or just bounced out -- possibly both
happened?”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Charity says
officials believe the round shots in the wall replaced original cannonballs
removed in the 1960s.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">“</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We do not believe that the cannonballs are modern, but we believe
that they are replacements. More than likely, leftover cannonballs found on the
property from Butler’s time there,” he said.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Union
pontoon bridge was later removed, but different references mention remnants
still on or in the James River, according to Charity.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">None of the
other buildings of the time, other than the 1853 home and its kitchen outbuilding,
along with remnants of the barn, are still standing, said Charity.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMf6HZZ0tGl7kcFFvoXSdJmz1IL1buC91a7XM87QL0Hi0URznsRZVtB8mk7AMueRBCyAfgTZq2nVm0UXuV0koRW1H2bNKvrEH-mkuzX5laNrlKux19bWGHODT3f9sm5fKhR9UuPDXzPpjtm4N5G_hwBSl99sEFRzq2h5cJr3GyCqLnXTJL-i3UOYQcrua3/s4608/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_Exterior_West%20wall%20detail.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3456" data-original-width="4608" height="354" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMf6HZZ0tGl7kcFFvoXSdJmz1IL1buC91a7XM87QL0Hi0URznsRZVtB8mk7AMueRBCyAfgTZq2nVm0UXuV0koRW1H2bNKvrEH-mkuzX5laNrlKux19bWGHODT3f9sm5fKhR9UuPDXzPpjtm4N5G_hwBSl99sEFRzq2h5cJr3GyCqLnXTJL-i3UOYQcrua3/w471-h354/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_Exterior_West%20wall%20detail.JPG" width="471" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Cannonballs in the west wall (Marc Wagner (Va. Dept. of Historic Resources)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><b style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Home was modernized, but still has original elements</span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">For fans of
antebellum homes, the Aiken home just about has it all.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The interior
has a variety of decorative elements, according to a 1976 nomination form for
the home’s placement on the <b><a href="https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/VLR_to_transfer/PDFNoms/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_1977_Final_Nomination.pdf" target="_blank">National Register of Historic Places</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The form says
of the dwelling:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“The dwelling
house is a two-story, common-bond brick structure connected by a long hyphen to
a kitchen at the east and was built in 1853. It is five bays long with
six-over-six sash and white wooden sills and lintels, except on the ground
story of the river front where all of the window openings have French doors set
into them. A one-story, decastyle Ionic porch, rebuilt after a 1941 tornado,
stretches the length of the river front and is returned halfway along the west
end. A one-story tetrastyle Ionic portico shelters the land front. “<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZypUrnLINMGFOgcyiSbB0rhT_24YW5Zy5LOsy_yEkQig50tS6typGOiVkSBFkbn1W-a4ER3QhQ37r-LNdG8-0Y7_CM3qJpSHKLKO7STmBJ-jx0X9SJiWiM2qMO2Aie6mB_lY53fSlBX2w9C7XmBUFF0ImZ2CoU0L6U5v49S5kz4mWQxQ_mAgFkeZJQceh/s4597/Combo.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1369" data-original-width="4597" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZypUrnLINMGFOgcyiSbB0rhT_24YW5Zy5LOsy_yEkQig50tS6typGOiVkSBFkbn1W-a4ER3QhQ37r-LNdG8-0Y7_CM3qJpSHKLKO7STmBJ-jx0X9SJiWiM2qMO2Aie6mB_lY53fSlBX2w9C7XmBUFF0ImZ2CoU0L6U5v49S5kz4mWQxQ_mAgFkeZJQceh/w608-h181/Combo.png" width="608" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Civil War photo shows flat roof, renovations included taller chimneys (Va. Dept. of Historic Resources)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">The home is
showing its age, though county officials say the Stonemans did a good job
maintaining it and the property. </span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;">No one has
lived in the house for at least 10 years, and the electrical has not been
updated since the 1970s.</span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We have some
work to do, but I’ve definitely seen structures in far worse condition,” said
Charity.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Wagner with
the state DHR said <span style="background: white; color: #222222;">the house was
updated in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century so the interior reflects a
lot of that period. “The roof blew off the house during a tornado at one
point so the whole roof area was rebuilt.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">He said the house appears to have undergone a substantial
remodeling a little more than a 100 years ago.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq8KpKZIZUlfYQtMXjM8DNMk5NDxtwOF22Q4c8lZEeW4idTt7AgjHxUn6Y5altiAvtW22nXbw_mr8gq7oIJy8mBFjF308KW4Mlc7SkrBV89DNriTP1FPIYYce2ltZRElesRVUcSBM7eNl31_3wLiBaDjwXAbGJJ2i5P6HaQxHWA5t81ENgSJvPFI2zp3ZT/s4608/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_interior_First%20Floor%20Parlor_2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3456" data-original-width="4608" height="359" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq8KpKZIZUlfYQtMXjM8DNMk5NDxtwOF22Q4c8lZEeW4idTt7AgjHxUn6Y5altiAvtW22nXbw_mr8gq7oIJy8mBFjF308KW4Mlc7SkrBV89DNriTP1FPIYYce2ltZRElesRVUcSBM7eNl31_3wLiBaDjwXAbGJJ2i5P6HaQxHWA5t81ENgSJvPFI2zp3ZT/w478-h359/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_interior_First%20Floor%20Parlor_2.JPG" width="478" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">One of the rooms at the old Varina home (Marc Wagner, Va. Dept. of Historic Resources)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">“This was the
period when farms got upgraded all over Virginia. Farming became more
prosperous operations with the growth of cities, RR (railroads) and improved
scientific farming methods -- and the owners would often upgrade these old
plantations with modern bathrooms and kitchens.”<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Parts of
Varina’s main house interior date back to the 1850s, especially the room plan
and central hall circulation. All of the brickwork, and some of the
exterior trim is from the 1850s. The porches have been rebuilt over time in the
same 1850s Greek Revival style, Wagner said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“The kitchen
interior is all modern,” he told the Picket. “It likely housed 5-10 enslaved
persons (a guess) and had a large cooking space. It is rare to find the
covered connected kitchen to house structure, original to the design -- the
only one left in Henrico that is pre-1860. You can see in later years that
a new entrance was added to the kitchen and the small upstairs window. The
new entrance on the kitchen signals a difference use of the kitchen building,
as just residential space.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8eumPusgWcn8oKIseHI8lq_RUdoOAduH1woOGos2QTxObJwjBMUV65XKLZAmqW7BtrQcZsC7D6KGFI5r384r51KuB7-DZP2Nf7gQGwnHJnbX2Zep5w13rceDVrfm2nI8lhffCBeq7zcTbCQU2NTVR5mo3hwqsVh91KJoQp4T_iuyQ1vwuS5RL2jL-zrVx/s4608/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_interior_Second%20Floor%20Room.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3456" data-original-width="4608" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8eumPusgWcn8oKIseHI8lq_RUdoOAduH1woOGos2QTxObJwjBMUV65XKLZAmqW7BtrQcZsC7D6KGFI5r384r51KuB7-DZP2Nf7gQGwnHJnbX2Zep5w13rceDVrfm2nI8lhffCBeq7zcTbCQU2NTVR5mo3hwqsVh91KJoQp4T_iuyQ1vwuS5RL2jL-zrVx/w477-h358/043-0020_Varina_Plantation_2023_interior_Second%20Floor%20Room.JPG" width="477" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(Marc Wagner, Virginia Dept. of HIstoric Resources)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">Charity said the county plans to move forward on preservation
talks and work soon.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">“</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We’ve gone through the
general assessment phase where we’ve identified priorities (electrical,
windows, plumbing, etc.), now we are in the contractor estimation phase. We have a number of contractors under contract (due to the other historic
properties we manage), and are getting more information on exactly how to
proceed.” (<i>Aerial view of Varina, below, Henrico County</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixRZ_Tu0pTCHScBkqRgOAmEsxYPQ4nIZdXJ25U2ZfDMBml23tRROuGGpHPZw7Db1dVmNfu3D80-XznvPHruCjSYH9ZuzjinjoRsED2a9V9V1Nntg8cNAtMwT8EtvG2rSxtj6drzL6j3m2pvFOZDnB1qUA2LD3juMp7-TWI8XETbcEl5lMVvA6T1Bo_c5nl/s864/Varina-on-the-James-side-view.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="576" data-original-width="864" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixRZ_Tu0pTCHScBkqRgOAmEsxYPQ4nIZdXJ25U2ZfDMBml23tRROuGGpHPZw7Db1dVmNfu3D80-XznvPHruCjSYH9ZuzjinjoRsED2a9V9V1Nntg8cNAtMwT8EtvG2rSxtj6drzL6j3m2pvFOZDnB1qUA2LD3juMp7-TWI8XETbcEl5lMVvA6T1Bo_c5nl/w278-h185/Varina-on-the-James-side-view.jpg" width="278" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Henrico
County owns other Civil War-related properties, including portions of Malvern
Hill, New Market Heights, Deep Bottom and Savage’s Station battlefields.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">It is
working with a consortium of groups and governments </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">to build a bike/walking trail through the New Market Heights
property to a Civil War site and one to Four Mile Creek, from the Revolutionary War.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The New Market Heights site has been master planned for a large passive park site, but
it has not yet come to fruition.</span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-64895390472262536962024-01-21T16:04:00.006-05:002024-01-24T10:15:20.355-05:00Brace yourself as we update you on U.S.S. Monitor mystery maker's mark and explain how two rods stabilized ironclad's remarkable revolving turret<p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgojQiXLnH_2teAD7W9XDMCHm7Uz0CB5ef683jPekNGJsyXk-x2QjzITMfQyFJ59XmUMp22M0lLI9_v7KUQW0eiOwiJSdv_v-dWQjGUVzsI2WTFeYNpBECl4NwJTjXmPsGRz7AGwPJqOMnxpo97zv7uGvzKEksZJsbqBLHtq-bMct1hujEFmr1z_sfVrRNZ/s1833/topper.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1833" data-original-width="1587" height="665" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgojQiXLnH_2teAD7W9XDMCHm7Uz0CB5ef683jPekNGJsyXk-x2QjzITMfQyFJ59XmUMp22M0lLI9_v7KUQW0eiOwiJSdv_v-dWQjGUVzsI2WTFeYNpBECl4NwJTjXmPsGRz7AGwPJqOMnxpo97zv7uGvzKEksZJsbqBLHtq-bMct1hujEFmr1z_sfVrRNZ/w576-h665/topper.jpg" width="576" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Braces under, near guns in recovered turret (top); rendering of them with crew (MMP, Andy Hall)</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The 600-page
“Drawings of the U.S.S. Monitor, published in 1985, depicts the venerable Civil
War ironclad from practically every angle. Scores of sketches demonstrate the
exacting work of the draftsmen – with some components drawn to the inch.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“To the men
who had the imagination, knowledge and skill to produce these drawings and the
Monitor,” reads the dedication in the volume, written by Ernest W. Peterkin for the North Carolina and federal governments.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">I continue to
marvel at the design and engineering skills of those who made the vessel that changed
naval warfare in a single battle with the CSS Virginia in March 1862. My recent
foray into learning a bit more about the vessel’s circular, ingenious turret –
and its supporting braces -- put me back in touch with experts on Monitor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">As I further studied
the turret after communicating with them – I had an amusing observation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">A drawing (below) at the top of the publication – “transverse section through turret” -- features a cross-section of Monitor, with the turret resting on top of a spindle.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Oh my, I thought. The turret and rod combined look like a child’s spinning top!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFoZb1JzUBjfiFOAQ3NxSyEvk6kUfI3_Yx6h_ZnasENHHxlEfv0J9FOdxdZBj8mQ_x0CpBgbQH6w-sdY50oNbd_MksOAaznmkhX870dKUHC-6Mnx56tgaBZ8f348ehYiLEYS5fKupNSOee0JFEMi1KsG-JqTZK6yRha_b3VhvHbRQbFw6mu62F6HfikqHQ/s896/Transverse.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="493" data-original-width="896" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFoZb1JzUBjfiFOAQ3NxSyEvk6kUfI3_Yx6h_ZnasENHHxlEfv0J9FOdxdZBj8mQ_x0CpBgbQH6w-sdY50oNbd_MksOAaznmkhX870dKUHC-6Mnx56tgaBZ8f348ehYiLEYS5fKupNSOee0JFEMi1KsG-JqTZK6yRha_b3VhvHbRQbFw6mu62F6HfikqHQ/w549-h301/Transverse.jpg" width="549" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Transverse section through turret shows spindle beneath (Drawings of the Monitor)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">The revolving
turret was no toy, however. It housed two XI-inch Dahlgren guns that could
smash both ship and man. But to make the setup work, designer John Ericsson had
to overcome challenges with the turret, dubbed a “cheesebox on a raft.”</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“It was
enormously heavy … (and) was designed to be turned by machinery rather than by
hand,” Civil War naval expert Andy Hall told me in a recent email.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“To improve
this efficiency, Ericsson recognized that it was necessary to relieve part of
the weight of the turret on the rollers around its perimeter by ‘jacking up’
the turret a bit, temporarily placing much of its weight on its central
vertical spindle. To prevent the turret structure from sagging, Ericsson included
diagonal braces from the central roof beam to the base forward, aft and on
either side of the turret that could be adjusted using enormous turnbuckles.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyS2RpSJlD3zuI8GEugf9AaxwD8l0nqfrQpzjPFNHvFE1QNy7SD3tAVxketXFVYHGhqD9v2bAC9YyjXJK7eKlFH9T7j-yZ955DLn34tSwVtBa7N3qZgg_xGfGaynbId5tb09r_tUznDeIzE8mA3TTff_2Ljgj52_WqLXafNpIcZSmRIBhEGwWcEOM_6-ut/s2335/Mark%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="701" data-original-width="2335" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyS2RpSJlD3zuI8GEugf9AaxwD8l0nqfrQpzjPFNHvFE1QNy7SD3tAVxketXFVYHGhqD9v2bAC9YyjXJK7eKlFH9T7j-yZ955DLn34tSwVtBa7N3qZgg_xGfGaynbId5tb09r_tUznDeIzE8mA3TTff_2Ljgj52_WqLXafNpIcZSmRIBhEGwWcEOM_6-ut/w641-h192/Mark%20combo.jpg" width="641" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aft diagonal brace with ULSTER, highlighted at right, click to enlarge (Courtesy Mariners' Museum and Park)</td></tr></tbody></table><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Maker's mark 'Ulster' leaves questions</span><o:p></o:p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The two diagonal
support braces (forward and aft)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>inside
the turret have been of interest to me following <b><a href="https://www.marinersmuseum.org/2016/09/news-tank-farm/" target="_blank">the 2017 announcement</a></b> by <span style="color: black;">The Mariners’ Museum and Park in Newport News, Va.,
that Monitor conservators removing corrosion from the aft brace uncovered the
word “ULSTER.” It’s the first time a maker’s mark was found in the turret. </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Officials
theorized the two wrought-iron braces – which have undergone conservation
since 2016 -- were produced by Ulster Iron Works <a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2017/04/uss-monitor-makers-mark-uncovered-in.html" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">in Saugerties</a><b> </b>and added to the turret interior. The scenic city
along the Hudson River is about <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2017/08/what-do-uss-monitor-jimmy-fallon-have.html" target="_blank">100 miles north</a></b> of New York City, where Monitor
was assembled in late 1861 and early 1862.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">The
company, which operated from 1827 to 1888 and <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2017/08/what-do-uss-monitor-jimmy-fallon-have.html" target="_blank">took advantage of iron deposits</a></b>
in the area, was a Navy contractor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0tZWOOmVagGZK0oTkoQlir4Y0Bj8CeBiXrvL4XIdl_GLmUeoYyNhiX_EWvBRVCtjW2jhx1adbYKwbnSXPSt99qYxBDcZJ5QQpqNRndFHNz4ffDGwZk1Jr4PYjdMl7Pndlr97icmnSbA3BwsUUPMoGMZptilHca9_1f8fbchqwn-n0pQ5bHYaaLI0qNuBt/s974/Turret.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="764" data-original-width="974" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0tZWOOmVagGZK0oTkoQlir4Y0Bj8CeBiXrvL4XIdl_GLmUeoYyNhiX_EWvBRVCtjW2jhx1adbYKwbnSXPSt99qYxBDcZJ5QQpqNRndFHNz4ffDGwZk1Jr4PYjdMl7Pndlr97icmnSbA3BwsUUPMoGMZptilHca9_1f8fbchqwn-n0pQ5bHYaaLI0qNuBt/w473-h373/Turret.jpg" width="473" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cannon damage on USS Monitor after clash with Virginia (Library of Congress)</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;"></span></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">“While this firm was never mentioned as a supplier during the
Monitor’s construction at Continental Iron Works, it is now believed that
Ulster provided materials for modifications to the ship while it was
undergoing sea trials at the Brooklyn Navy Yard</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">,” says the museum, which houses the USS
Monitor Center, home to artifacts and items still being conserved after they were
recovered off Cape Hatteras, N.C., more than two decades ago.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">I
have been mesmerized since the announcement by the mystery of the Ulster mark.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">I
reached out last month to Will Hoffman, Monitor project manager, to see whether
conservators have since confirmed any link between the vessel and Ulster Iron
Works. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4Sutnh_ICf82a6eDBpdcpkR5oStSvPMea4sJ654MEeTUojjWz0t613J_S5KXoQ_plVKrY1aKOZ5EhVUQ4u-HhZC7mvSOn584bkrUqIoyWEAabJ7DRIDCslYIviCKrvXMMnf2n-4y5l-KOqY8Qw6g-F1bmSB683auGbE1WKc1XxQoD3rbzfOW3YZy2OoSU/s546/Both%20braces.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="546" data-original-width="267" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4Sutnh_ICf82a6eDBpdcpkR5oStSvPMea4sJ654MEeTUojjWz0t613J_S5KXoQ_plVKrY1aKOZ5EhVUQ4u-HhZC7mvSOn584bkrUqIoyWEAabJ7DRIDCslYIviCKrvXMMnf2n-4y5l-KOqY8Qw6g-F1bmSB683auGbE1WKc1XxQoD3rbzfOW3YZy2OoSU/w185-h380/Both%20braces.jpeg" width="185" /></a></span></div><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">The
short answer: No.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Hoffman
<b><a href="https://findingaids.lib.umich.edu/catalog/umich-wcl-M-2010uls" target="_blank">has cited papers</a></b> from Ulster Iron Works in the collection of William L. Clements
Library at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://findingaids.lib.umich.edu/catalog/umich-wcl-M-2010uls" target="_blank">A summary of the collection</a></b> includes this line:<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b><span style="background: white; color: black;">“Among the factors that contributed to the
success of the Ulster Iron Works was the ability of the owners of the
corporation to arrange for government contracts, especially contracts with the
Navy, for providing iron products for use in rockets, ships, and other
materials.” (<i>At left, the forward and aft braces, courtesy of Mariners' Museum and Park</i>.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">I reached out to the library to ask whether Ulster Iron Works
records make specific mention of Monitor.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">Terese Murphy, head of reader services, says a bound volume
has entries through 1863 – a year after Monitor was lost in a storm.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;">Murphy wasn’t able to find mention of Monitor, but kindly sent me photos
of the pages that would have mentioned the ironclad. I wasn’t able to make all
the writing, but I, too, didn’t see the Monitor in the notes – many
descriptions of technology and project summaries. It is possible that the names
of the vessels for projects were not inscribed. The descriptions are very
technical.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The manufacturer, which drew workers from as far
away as England and Wales, was known for using European technology. A process
called “double puddling” could produce appreciable amounts of high-grade bar
iron.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoC20n-Ac2zqppBydAKWe79GiuzGcmDoIVz4nKaBQNeS3eXQ3bYscuF0UE_d-e4nV9eF-xBHPCYyqW3PgnK3ne5RT7-7vhX_PPuyRz8X-6RQuBf0B3_fm69pOx8wjZFld_vYBlBGkClE-Yd4u_0POaSqse2gStSGp18BkRKuNcKHQpodSZ5eiOQOujq4UB/s1012/Clements%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="857" data-original-width="1012" height="418" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoC20n-Ac2zqppBydAKWe79GiuzGcmDoIVz4nKaBQNeS3eXQ3bYscuF0UE_d-e4nV9eF-xBHPCYyqW3PgnK3ne5RT7-7vhX_PPuyRz8X-6RQuBf0B3_fm69pOx8wjZFld_vYBlBGkClE-Yd4u_0POaSqse2gStSGp18BkRKuNcKHQpodSZ5eiOQOujq4UB/w494-h418/Clements%20combo.jpg" width="494" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">1862 page from volume on Ulster Iron Works (Courtesy Clements Library, U. of Michigan)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hoffman says, despite some research by his
staff, he has not learned much more.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">“It kind of went dead after that,” he says of the search for
the Ulster connection. “We know these braces are additions.” They are not shown
in original blueprints.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: black;">I reached back out to </span><span style="background-color: #fbfbfb;"><b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2017/04/uss-monitor-makers-mark-uncovered-in.html" target="_blank">Audrey Klinkenberg</a>, </b>Saugerties town historian, about whether anyone there have come across any mention of the USS Monitor and Ulster Iron Works since the 2017 news. She said no.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">A delicate balancing act during battle</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">With the Ulster mystery still out there, I asked Hoffman and
Hall, who writes the <b><a href="https://deadconfederates.com/tag/u-s-s-monitor/" target="_blank">Dead Confederates blog</a></b>, about the six braces that
reinforced the turret. (BTW, it’s possible the forward diagonal supporting
brace also had an ULSTER mark and it was eaten by corrosion or is still covered.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">The diagonal braces were installed near the two guns in a
claustrophobic space manned by an executive officer <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2018/07/the-uss-monitor-overcame-doubters-its.html" target="_blank">and 16 sailors</a></b>. Like Hall,
Hoffman says the 160-ton turret had a revolutionary design for the time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEginglcQ4oYLUX-vchXiokryFE2mfT5du4hRDDUMuT0NbDcUy3jWJdAKOO38sFj2pRzEhyazzsP_UI4DF9ooRrdWjdGSUtaWj1lmTqvaBOyv09arvOGfpJ2boCU9EMd8isGQ249Ds9QBekk9UClMUf3ZrU73S4fZaZIEBaIHVcRTbe0_3R1LjA8jTPUrkit/s715/Braces.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="715" height="348" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEginglcQ4oYLUX-vchXiokryFE2mfT5du4hRDDUMuT0NbDcUy3jWJdAKOO38sFj2pRzEhyazzsP_UI4DF9ooRrdWjdGSUtaWj1lmTqvaBOyv09arvOGfpJ2boCU9EMd8isGQ249Ds9QBekk9UClMUf3ZrU73S4fZaZIEBaIHVcRTbe0_3R1LjA8jTPUrkit/w440-h348/Braces.jpg" width="440" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""> </span><em><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Braces highlighted, “U.S.S. Monitor: The Ship that
Launched a Modern Navy” by Edward Miller</span></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">“The turret is like a suspension bridge,” with the diagonal
braces providing balance to “keep it from tipping while firing the gun,” the
lead conservator told me. One crew fired a Dahlgren while the other reloaded
the second.</span><div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://deadconfederates.com/2011/08/12/u-s-s-monitor-turret-revealed/" target="_blank">Hall says turnbuckles on the braces</a></b> were a particular benefit
at close quarters, as in the Monitor-Virginia battle in Hampton Roads.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“The crew in
the turret adopted the practice of firing as the gun muzzles rotated past the
target, rather than trying to rotate the turret, lock it in place, and then
fire,” he says.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“With both
ships maneuvering for advantage, almost at point-blank range, keeping Monitor’s
turret moving during the action was essential. The officer commanding in
Monitor’s turret, Samuel Dana Greene, <b><a href="https://emergingcivilwar.com/2018/08/03/around-we-go-in-the-monitor-turret/#:~:text=Lieutenant%20Samuel%20D.,long%20and%20weighing%209%20tons." target="_blank">described this as the turret’s ‘whirligig motion.’”</a></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In a post on Dead Confederates, Hall describes
the turret as “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">a very crowded and chaotic place.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2377" data-original-width="4221" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinHNZ1jfwt54ZBcv23W13azyTH6h2T3bAd0jxcnBv8fQ3ED3NUTIktQKbb2kdrchJGakFAW-KcbdDWlV4d44Qw_jAfSP1OSPdqAhaiJMwibcSXoWuBZSaxwyMf5y0g785gB7Akf9cqRw0ZdwDArSpbAXIKOLCoDRVE6OfvQEr3QaVVEuwdQWzJIiiWHPYO/w512-h288/Clevis%20aft%202019.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="512" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Clevis used in aft diagonal support brace (Courtesy The Mariners' Museum and Park)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">The “Ulster” brace and its mate have undergone extensive
conservation.</span></div><div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">Hoffman says in 2016 both got their first round of dry-ice
cleaning, followed by another round in 2018, and the aft “Ulster” braces was
disassembled. Conservation of its aft clevis (fastener) was completed in 2019. Last
year, the forward brace and remaining after-brace components received additional cleaning.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Unroll the turret for cleaning, or leave as is?</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The turret currently rests on a lower support
pad in a giant Mariners’ Museum and Park tank where it <b><a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2012/april/continuing-monitor-story" target="_blank">has undergone conservation</a></b> for two decades.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The guns and braces have been <b><a href="https://www.marinersmuseum.org/2016/09/news-tank-farm/" target="_blank">treated in separate areas</a></b>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQOR0SggocVw9SDJ39sehmvbHnQiHrFob_aEeLbPENxzEUbdmjbp-eIILygUjijdAvFoSwiaJhi3zrVNWkARoT8WG9mdwuRvxaRFA1_04je4UFySWX3kIWTJTEuraCLRSLFa4ZNsENsYuZg5lSPrt-R9EFjjq9KFeImYlcDH4fyDyFJgGWKPX9mcNrj6sg/s4608/dry-ice%20cleaning.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4608" data-original-width="3456" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQOR0SggocVw9SDJ39sehmvbHnQiHrFob_aEeLbPENxzEUbdmjbp-eIILygUjijdAvFoSwiaJhi3zrVNWkARoT8WG9mdwuRvxaRFA1_04je4UFySWX3kIWTJTEuraCLRSLFa4ZNsENsYuZg5lSPrt-R9EFjjq9KFeImYlcDH4fyDyFJgGWKPX9mcNrj6sg/w244-h325/dry-ice%20cleaning.JPG" width="244" /></a></span></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">More than 50 maker’s marks associated with
Monitor have been <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2022/08/twenty-years-ago-today-giant-spider.html" target="_blank">noticed over the years</a></b>, says Hoffman. </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">Roman
numerals were spotted on the turret armor plates (the roof is upside down in
the tank) and there are Roman numerals on sockets of the canopy stanchion.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">The next big thing will be the full cleaning of the turret –
but that is still a couple years off. (<i>At right, dry-ice cleaning. Courtesy of Mariners' Museum and Park</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And there are two considerations:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">1. Should the turret be left in its current ring
configuration for cleaning? While unrolling the plating might allow
conservators to get into its curved layers, replacing rivets afterward may be
impossible. Hoffman says the decision was to keep it as is. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">2. The team has studied ways to treat wrought iron, which is
forged and several inches deep. The turret is too big to clean by hand, so the
likely scenario is dry ice, going from solid to gas. The whole idea is to
remove ocean salt (chlorides) from the metal, to stem further corrosion.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2018/03/take-tour-with-picket-of-uss-monitor.html" target="_blank">The lab is working</a></b> on a plan for the turret treatment, which
could take up to eight months.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">The turret will be turned right-side up, and the roof taken
apart. “There are potentially artifacts still to be found” in the roof because
some may be captured in concretion, according to Hoffman. (The remains of two
sailors and numerous artifacts were found in the turret.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Using scaffolding, conservators will clean the ring.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;">Turret bracing goes down in history, literally</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Monitor and
Virginia fought to a tactical draw at the 1862 Battle of Hampton Roads.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Hall, author
of “<b><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Civil-Blockade-Running-Texas-Coast/dp/1626195005" target="_blank">Civil War Blockade Running on the Texas Coast</a></b>,” says Monitor earned the
strategic victory because the Confederate ironclad never ventured out again to
attack the U.S. fleet.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrvipp9vY9Oypvm2MGZt4SylcGU9dXRqCLwO5w0Hi1AbuPO4Lw4hV82HJd4oIyy15hnMuehT_80sOloFELWqIntX84Sr3V90OeURbnQLddn_E7pObMiXxbDgU5io3l3pA2LsIH11C5QRwUh0lnfRgfaJ_PDXtqtALr8xKbieSKAujvzPPCMKVKOuG1jTM1/s3937/DT111%20ADIB%20P03%207.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3937" data-original-width="2705" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrvipp9vY9Oypvm2MGZt4SylcGU9dXRqCLwO5w0Hi1AbuPO4Lw4hV82HJd4oIyy15hnMuehT_80sOloFELWqIntX84Sr3V90OeURbnQLddn_E7pObMiXxbDgU5io3l3pA2LsIH11C5QRwUh0lnfRgfaJ_PDXtqtALr8xKbieSKAujvzPPCMKVKOuG1jTM1/s320/DT111%20ADIB%20P03%207.jpg" width="220" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“The U.S.
Navy immediately contracted for new monitors, with several classes of the type entering
service before the war ended in 1865. Each new class of monitor was built on
the hard-won lessons of those before, with incremental technical improvements
in armament, machinery and armor,” he says. (<i>At left, part of the aft diagonal brace assembly. Courtesy of Mariners' Museum and Park</i>)</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Monitor sank
in the Atlantic storm on Dec. 31, 1862, with the loss of 16 lives.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">“</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">The value of Ericsson’s bracing to
keep the iron cylinder of the turret rigid proved to be beneficial to history
as well, as it ensured that when Monitor capsized and sank in December 1862
after only a few months’ service, the turret fell off the ship but remained
intact on the sea floor, from where it would be recovered in one piece in
2002,” says Hall.</span></span></p></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-63919642598475510162024-01-16T08:17:00.001-05:002024-01-16T08:17:11.471-05:00Man up: At Andersonville and other Civil War prisons, captives resisted and coped in a number of ways. They asserted a new form of masculinity<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="329" data-original-width="500" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdthXSo21u-4MfSUOc6rGgOu7klamnwbU2vqgRqkyW6SvVAF-qV1_RFCXBJR53SZSC3QtNVDWebFhI8R2QfuS9I_0tdu4D5Hd4UiBhU25eWqFnPlo-H-XKJZXyLMfAA7P7H9lRaEyswzHRZvRNwP-UGaHkxRjfKUkY_dmR95wo_gLRbp2wxlUrSjGTfp3r/w487-h321/Escape%20NPS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="487" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Desperate to be free: Union prisoners tunneling (National Park Service)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://antietam.aotw.org/officers.php?officer_id=21386" target="_blank"><b>Sgt. Maj. Robert H. Kellogg</b></a> and his comrades in the 16</span><sup style="font-family: arial;">th</sup><span style="font-family: arial;"> Connecticut Infantry,
like generations of American soldiers before them, believed the only manly
death in war should occur on the battlefield.</span><div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">But they
would find their experience to be different as the Civil War wore on. <b><a href="https://repository.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2281&context=cwbr" target="_blank">The green regiment</a></b>, chopped up <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/anti/planyourvisit/final-attack-trail-stop-5.htm" target="_blank">at Antietam</a></b> in September 1862, was captured in only its
second engagement 19 months later in Plymouth, N.C.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Gone were the
ideas of battlefield victories and fame. Kellogg realized their world had been
turned upside down when the regiment surrendered in April 1864.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #0f1111; font-family: arial; line-height: 115%;"><span>“On the morning of (April)
21st we awoke to new experiences. Instead of the calls to which we had -been
wont to listen, and the labor we had been accustomed to perform, we were but
passive beings, subject to the will of a conqueror,” <b><a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Life_and_Death_in_Rebel_Prisons_giving_a/6rdXAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=But+Passive+Beings,+Subject+to+the+Will+of+a+Conqueror&pg=PA34&printsec=frontcover" target="_blank">Kellogg wrote in</a></b> “Life and
Death in Rebel Prisons,” <b><a href="https://www.baumanrarebooks.com/rare-books/civil-war-robert-h-kellogg/life-and-death-in-rebel-prisons/89018.aspx" target="_blank">published in March 1865</a></b> near war’s end.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">The</span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #0f1111; line-height: 115%;"> soldier could not have predicted the extreme </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">privation and horror he would witness
and endure at Andersonville prison in Georgia. He provided colorful details in
his book, considered one of the best personal accounts about life and death at Andersonville.</span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #0f1111; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH87xX_iicPZE1L5YHDS_Yc5zKYm2NikjPgeOoGoW2nMnEDldv1vfgjRUsytgdsaEcQi_1Jdkr9gfvZBlJ2zlkAd3WcGM7UrxdBdUez7yT7HrquBv607b6fX6JkIEldWIjdtGXMirLt6b1u8eFBWnkWZc1bb3F-Xwm0fcOrjNXPKnPegwrgLrgzc0k0x0p/s3271/Kellogg%20combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1789" data-original-width="3271" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH87xX_iicPZE1L5YHDS_Yc5zKYm2NikjPgeOoGoW2nMnEDldv1vfgjRUsytgdsaEcQi_1Jdkr9gfvZBlJ2zlkAd3WcGM7UrxdBdUez7yT7HrquBv607b6fX6JkIEldWIjdtGXMirLt6b1u8eFBWnkWZc1bb3F-Xwm0fcOrjNXPKnPegwrgLrgzc0k0x0p/w562-h308/Kellogg%20combo.jpg" width="562" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Various photographs of Robert H. Kellogg (Museum of Connecticut History)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">What Kellogg
and soldiers from both sides <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/civil-war-prison-camps" target="_blank">experienced at prisons</a></b> contributed to a change in
the perception of 19<sup>th</sup>-century masculinity, according to many
scholars, including conflict archaeologist Ryan K. McNutt.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">As McNutt
pointed out in a paper and a lecture in November at <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/ande/index.htm" target="_blank">Andersonville National Historic Site</a></b> near Americus, the Victorian ideal of manliness was courage
through sacrifice and action – a good death on the battlefield, should it come
to that.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilRXJyLwuVBPj7YQNJZ8OKv_UaK1unkP7Fa16aqh9MEs_b7PvVKQSaoprfDCN9nZ-2gI9mspOM7B9ZqqSAcqnEwsz-EU9yflvYyviI_yPL5HLd_QktVh0rAewt-RwN-G5QnjT6cPwvq8mKjaUSu_zGGhxBROxTaVdptBmW-S1gTKgV6e1QcsXIUNt_eshQ/s999/Whelan.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="899" data-original-width="999" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilRXJyLwuVBPj7YQNJZ8OKv_UaK1unkP7Fa16aqh9MEs_b7PvVKQSaoprfDCN9nZ-2gI9mspOM7B9ZqqSAcqnEwsz-EU9yflvYyviI_yPL5HLd_QktVh0rAewt-RwN-G5QnjT6cPwvq8mKjaUSu_zGGhxBROxTaVdptBmW-S1gTKgV6e1QcsXIUNt_eshQ/w262-h236/Whelan.jpg" width="262" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“The POW
experience was the direct antithesis of this ideal: Capture was socially seen
the same as surrender,” wrote McNutt (the men of the 16<sup>th</sup>
Connecticut said it was not their decision to surrender). “And the wartime
experience of POWs in the American Civil War was passive, inactive – waiting.
For exchange, for parole.”</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The talk by
the assistant professor of anthropology at Georgia Southern was titled “But
Passive Beings, Subject to the Will of a Conquerer,” pulling the line from
Kellogg’s book.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">(<i>At left, Father Peter Whalen prays for prisoners, Thomas O'Dea sketch, NPS</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">As it turned
out, <b><a href="http://npshistory.com/publications/civil_war_series/5/sec3.htm" target="_blank">men confined with Kellogg</a></b> were not all that passive, McNutt told the
November audience in the park visitor center. They resisted in a variety of
ways, trying to survive while buttressing their sense of manliness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Tries were usually futile. But they dreamed of escape</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">McNutt spoke
about resistance at both Andersonville (Camp Sumter) and Camp Lawton, another
Confederate prison site in Georgia. McNutt directs the </span><a href="https://www.georgiasouthern.edu/cbss/camp-lawton/" target="_blank"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">GSU archaeological project</span></b></a><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""> at the latter site<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Andersonville is the emblem of POW suffering at Union and Confederate
camps during the Civil War. Of 45,000 men held there, 13,000 Union service
members succumbed to horrible conditions. Rather than a quick battlefield death
by a bullet or artillery round, they faced death on an hourly or daily
occurrence. It could come at any time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3Kq5HvHUiV8" width="378" youtube-src-id="3Kq5HvHUiV8"></iframe></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br />Themes of
heroism through endurance, martyrdom and stoicism arose, <b><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00438243.2020.1739553" target="_blank">McNutt argues</a></b>.<br />
<br />
Soldiers engaged in tunneling, trickery and barter with guards. They endured
beatings and incidents of cruel treatment – all while trying to stand tall amid
the misery. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Attempting
is just as important as being successful,” McNutt said of defiant acts. More
than 80 tunnels were found at Andersonville. Only 30-40 men successfully
escaped the prison, which held about 45,000 soldiers over its 13 months.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">But that <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/ande/learn/historyculture/my-ancestor-escaped.htm" target="_blank">did not stop them</a></b> from trying.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLE1sjBEYPzSwx57aC3_4JxRoa91kJeZ9k1hd0BVqz_jWNEQaXYKtXejnRsbWxtCiAiwc_B4ySDmPOwil34Imng3XhBwRHipE_B8ciwOEsdOSoQjJhmRN52JxHGINQFz1VoMqXyXeYXQy6MYmgyPFdcOZUrHARXmNfz8xgA3GVYhUhzFX0aUxu54Grnhyphenhyphen7/s970/O'Dea%20escape.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="901" data-original-width="970" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLE1sjBEYPzSwx57aC3_4JxRoa91kJeZ9k1hd0BVqz_jWNEQaXYKtXejnRsbWxtCiAiwc_B4ySDmPOwil34Imng3XhBwRHipE_B8ciwOEsdOSoQjJhmRN52JxHGINQFz1VoMqXyXeYXQy6MYmgyPFdcOZUrHARXmNfz8xgA3GVYhUhzFX0aUxu54Grnhyphenhyphen7/w277-h257/O'Dea%20escape.jpg" width="277" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">A National
Park Service article about escape attempts includes a paragraph that gets at what
McNutt and others have studied. By being taken captive, prisoners had to find
other ways to “prove oneself” and disprove any notions of cowardice.</span><p></p><span style="font-family: arial;">“<span face=""Helvetica","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #212529; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">As a result,
many prisoners faced the choice of either returning home after the war to be
received as failures, or to attempt a dangerous escape. Those prisoners at
Andersonville and elsewhere who never successfully escaped would often invent
escapes or escape attempts in order to validate themselves in the eyes of their
society,” the NPS says. (<i>At right, Thomas O'Dea drawing of escape attempts at Camp Sumter</i>)</span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">'Can this be hell?</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;"><b><a href="https://www.wethersfieldhistory.org/articles/sgt-maj-robert-h-kellogg-i-wonder-if-they-know-at-home-of-our-real-condition-here/" target="_blank">Kellogg was 20 years old</a></b> when he passed through the gates of
Andersonville into the chaos and suffering.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #3c3936; font-family: arial; font-style: normal; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">"As we entered
the place, a spectacle met our eyes that almost froze our blood with
horror…before us were forms that had once been active and erect -- stalwart
men, now nothing but mere walking skeletons, covered with filth and vermin…Many
of our men exclaimed with earnestness, 'Can this be hell?'" the sergeant
wrote<o:p></o:p></span></em></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The soldier survived Andersonville and was transferred after a few months to prisons in South Carolina paroled in November 1864. He was a
changed man.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1019" data-original-width="1200" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1wAsDhpZCA7ZmZGJo1qXc7NYCaSRMJkyiIW0kCjpCEdmdGCzZMZLxwanJ4NUoEUNp7FNLLRk5QHJFRLmmhHoZocs-cbPAfICuAXPGnzga_jur3lZCwFTF4Ki1UTabpdQFlnQF7wy-qIGkb3aPJtZGjH-dzv9eNwOHk6uiDntbVWGJlx87ExhkJOOksd12/w457-h389/Kellogg.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="457" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Robert Kellogg (right) with Oscar Wiel (Museum of Connecticut History)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Kellogg </span><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">tried to resume his career path as a druggist but
found himself disconnected and isolated, according to an <b><a href="https://www.zocalopublicsquare.org/2018/11/01/union-army-regiment-survived-andersonville/ideas/essay/" target="_blank">article in Zocalo Public Square</a></b>. When a local deacon died, he wrote in his diary that he felt
numb: “Death seems to have lost its solemnity in me since ‘Andersonville.’”</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white;">He
later moved to Ohio and published his book. Kellogg worked for years to ensure
“thousands of brave men” were not forgotten. He died in 1932. The Connecticut Historical Society <a href="https://cmch.bibliovation.com/app/work/29650" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">has his diaries</a><b>, </b>letters to his parents and military service records, among other items.</span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The </span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://museumofcthistory.org/" target="_blank">Museum of Connecticut History</a></b> in Hartford contains numerous photographs of Kellogg and some information about this life. (Special projects curator Christine Pittsley was helpful while I researched this post.)</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="602" data-original-width="999" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMREN-n3d55QI5LQZUK7AgERycQ6P8CmJWWh73FzW2M_tsuppgUkzFy7H931uS7vaAoowPTbLbEYOIDd9FsqKhW8J_KiLy8NXYWvpceSVDq1-vAjChFPRuGYGQZjgF7tRElRwkJjJQGjFUnNLN4vKYiy9a5SYAVH_cXD7PEgIguzGNcELxHvZtKTW9qNGn/w437-h263/Latrine.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="437" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">One of only a handful of photographs of Andersonville (National Park Service)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">Mary Gorman, </span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://newbedfordcwrt.org/flagbearer-mar-2022.pdf" target="_blank">author of a book</a></b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">about the Andersonville Raiders and a member of the</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"> </span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/113696832149138/" target="_blank">Descendants of Andersonville Prison</a></b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">Facebook page, says Kellogg’s is probably the best Andersonville memoir, drawing from his vivid diary.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: #050505; font-family: arial;">“If you want to get the truest picture of Andersonville, stick mostly with diaries and the memoirs published within the first 5 years” after the war, Gorman wrote when I asked followers of the Facebook page about Kellogg.</span></p></div><div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">McNutt
concluded his paper outlining the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD) suffered by Civil War prisoners.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“The
restructuring of masculine identities, the resistance both physical and
symbolic, the creation of crafts and games, such as chess pieces found under
the brick oven at Lawton, all served to combat the depression and mental
effects of long confinement, a final deadly symptom of structural violence of
the internment system, through action and engagement,” he wrote.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">“Acts of
resistance, effective or ineffective, were acts of survival.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-30770336335230626732024-01-12T07:54:00.010-05:002024-01-12T12:56:34.059-05:00Tracing 'A Long Arc': These 9 Civil War-era photographs in an Atlanta exhibit drive home identity, race and trauma across the South, US<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuUnkOrvVIu_a0szZLeWIhcXUDTRU-Z_sfucpfmV59ww1nqOKRM8xqio6UzpluryPXKflgjhzL9CAGFR2SOFMcaFlf4NTV9GFFLLtnU3Z6K_ZsehN9F-bVaJCjSiAX_9AZHnfvUE2sH92QJYWrbl1xgXHwBTRIDP1ug1pwgaoW5ud_HIbGpZejN4Sc-9zh/s2400/3.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1378" data-original-width="2400" height="347" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuUnkOrvVIu_a0szZLeWIhcXUDTRU-Z_sfucpfmV59ww1nqOKRM8xqio6UzpluryPXKflgjhzL9CAGFR2SOFMcaFlf4NTV9GFFLLtnU3Z6K_ZsehN9F-bVaJCjSiAX_9AZHnfvUE2sH92QJYWrbl1xgXHwBTRIDP1ug1pwgaoW5ud_HIbGpZejN4Sc-9zh/w603-h347/3.jpg" width="603" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">A young Union artilleryman (High Museum of Art, more information below)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">I have been remiss
in making a timely post about my visit to the High Museum of Art in Atlanta to see
its <b><a href="https://high.org/exhibition/a-long-arc/?utm_medium=ad&utm_source=social&utm_campaign=alongarc" target="_blank">incredible exhibit</a></b>, “A Long Arc: Photography and the American South since
1845.”</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The show,
which concludes its Atlanta run on Sunday (Jan. 14), has nearly 200 black and white and
color photographs. They are presented chronologically, taking the visitor
through a series of rooms.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">As the
introductory panel says, “A Long Arc” demonstrates “<span style="color: black;">how
Southern photography has shaped American concepts of race, place, and history.”
I am no art critic, so I offer a <b><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/18/opinion/photography-black-southern-history.html" target="_blank">New York Times</a></b> essay, <b><a href="https://www.ajc.com/things-to-do/high-amasses-200-photos-documenting-evolution-of-the-south-since-1845/L4RC226ZDJDEVLBIWIBLR7NPSU/#:~:text=Martin%20Luther%20King%20Jr.%2C%20on,the%20High%20Museum's%20growing%20collection.&text=A%20notable%20shift%20in%20the,the%20advent%20of%20color%20film." target="_blank">this article</a></b> and <b><a href="https://emorywheel.com/new-high-museum-exhibit-captures-south-at-its-most-macabre/" target="_blank">this one</a></b> for deeper looks.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">While
I was struck during my October visit by compelling images from the past 100
years (<b><a href="https://high.org/exhibition/a-long-arc/?utm_medium=ad&utm_source=social&utm_campaign=alongarc" target="_blank">some seen here</a></b>), I am concentrating this post on the first gallery,
related to slavery, secession and the Civil War. (Picket photo below)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4uDhW6OhjfpKAGbM3tK6CojqM1qvMY8WKDxElwKMeZBbgMo0ESDV4jTkZPMP8MVckcP2AgFbV37HrReF0qojcj39gR4ptFUU6FQQGm1GB02sW8rCUaDzfqbVEXtVo21bslIC46lQGH7vDz5lk3krj0n2KjrVyPLhOumMUI-Lpl1afYuElBHjthS7igntn/s4032/IMG_0021.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4uDhW6OhjfpKAGbM3tK6CojqM1qvMY8WKDxElwKMeZBbgMo0ESDV4jTkZPMP8MVckcP2AgFbV37HrReF0qojcj39gR4ptFUU6FQQGm1GB02sW8rCUaDzfqbVEXtVo21bslIC46lQGH7vDz5lk3krj0n2KjrVyPLhOumMUI-Lpl1afYuElBHjthS7igntn/w291-h218/IMG_0021.JPG" width="291" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span>As
the High states, photography was in its relative infancy on the eve of the war.</span><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Portrait
photography in the antebellum South was most distinctive for how it projected
and channeled racial and social identity at a moment of intense debate over
slavery. It was not unusual for Southern slaveholders to commission photographs
of their children with enslaved members of their households, a means of
reinforcing social hierarchies. Yet, significantly, the medium also offered
free Black Americans a means to declare their presence and self-possession in a
society that did not regard them as citizens.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Wartime
studios provided portraits soldiers could send home. Photographs of battlefield
carnage and the destruction of Southern cities viewed the land as “the
repository of memory, history, and trauma,” says the High, which amassed most
of the collection.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">I am sorry
that I am writing this just before the Atlanta exhibit ends (life got in the way). But if you can't get there in the next couple days, the Addison Gallery of American
Art in Andover, Mass., <b><a href="https://addison.andover.edu/exhibition/a-long-arc-photography-and-the-american-south-since-1845/" target="_blank">will be hosting "Long Arc"</a></b> from March 2 to July 31.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN-frSuZa8b_Q91SAjBhDbGpOMR3PKnzSyv2DM5M7yacLCvtpx-3fDeSMM-4EP4O32aRigKNWKNfn5U8447g8NtzZ81wjh6H-8C0JACujIJubJYd7iea0hr2WWNn6Oyf8RmIKQbwA0goU4OXOn0tF9O8DqS-vwT1uvWsowvdHn9wCXYAje5TGnbSxdnaV_/s2000/1.tif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1363" data-original-width="2000" height="336" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN-frSuZa8b_Q91SAjBhDbGpOMR3PKnzSyv2DM5M7yacLCvtpx-3fDeSMM-4EP4O32aRigKNWKNfn5U8447g8NtzZ81wjh6H-8C0JACujIJubJYd7iea0hr2WWNn6Oyf8RmIKQbwA0goU4OXOn0tF9O8DqS-vwT1uvWsowvdHn9wCXYAje5TGnbSxdnaV_/w494-h336/1.tif" width="494" /></a></span></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />SLAVE PEN IN VIRGINIA</span><o:p></o:p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Several
images of such markets were taken during the war, often after Federal forces
had taken a Rebel city, such as Alexandria, Va., shown here. The photographer
was A.J. Russell, a member of the 141<sup>st</sup> New York. When he took the
photo, the building had been converted into a prison holding Confederates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><b><a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/283193" target="_blank">According to the</a></b> Metropolitan Museum of Art, <span style="background: white; color: #333333;">between
1830 and 1836</span>, Alexandria – across the Potomac River from Washington,
D.C. – was the seat of the slave trade. Hundreds of slaves were held in this
building.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">A New York
Times <b><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/18/opinion/photography-black-southern-history.html" target="_blank">essay on the High Museum exhibit</a></b> said this about the “Slave Pen” label
for photograph: “<span style="background: white;">Think about the cold fact of
that label for a moment. The places where enslaved people were imprisoned
before being sold weren’t called jails. They were called pens. Built to contain
livestock.”<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Andrew Joseph Russell (American, 1830-1902), <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Slave Pen, Alexandria, Virginia</span>,
1863, albumen silver print from glass negative, High Museum of Art,
Atlanta, purchase with funds from the Lucinda Weil Bunnen Fund and the Donald
and Marilyn Keough Family, 2021.266. <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">DEFIANT SECESH SHOWS HER COLORS</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwwQAtfaUCD6ITV8WQg2AeaghobzUJuS-vcEEWngmIzTEYV2NEaf-0RQlRov6SjZSkcADTOvZfb7gJ2amymTYBxbSfW4XoMNr53_gH3f1sn_UmJOa8yA1bNO7ae4bWHga9r1CylPKAUISCORKRmEa1e6HBkfEhFSnUGg1LMgwtkC8jjFLSMhTCV6fFgQEV/s2352/2.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2352" data-original-width="1956" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwwQAtfaUCD6ITV8WQg2AeaghobzUJuS-vcEEWngmIzTEYV2NEaf-0RQlRov6SjZSkcADTOvZfb7gJ2amymTYBxbSfW4XoMNr53_gH3f1sn_UmJOa8yA1bNO7ae4bWHga9r1CylPKAUISCORKRmEa1e6HBkfEhFSnUGg1LMgwtkC8jjFLSMhTCV6fFgQEV/w233-h281/2.jpg" width="233" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span>In 1860-61, patriotic fervor (both pro- and anti-secession)
was at its height, according to the <b><a href=" https://creativecockades.blogspot.com/2022/01/which-cockade-is-right-for-you.html" target="_blank">Creative Cockades website</a></b>. Women, in
particular, wore dresses or other garments festooned with cockades, or they
might wear a sash, <b><a href="https://high.org/collection/woman-wearing-secession-sash/" target="_blank">such as this Southern woman</a></b>. The reality of a bloody war had
not yet set in and many thought the coming conflict would be minimal.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">In South Carolina, </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;">civilian men and women, and even companies of
soldiers, wore palmetto emblems during the Civil War, <b><a href="https://hindmanauctions.com/items/10671091-civil-war-south-carolina-palmetto-secession-cockade" target="_blank">according to Hinman Auctions</a></b>.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">“Southern cockades were generally all blue, all red, or red
and white,” according to Creative Cockades. “Once again, center emblems include
stars, military buttons and pictures, but additionally Southern products such
as palmetto fronds, pine burs, corn or cotton were used.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unidentified photographer, <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">woman wearing secession sash</span>, ca. 1860, ambrotype, <span style="background: white;">High Museum of Art, Atlanta, purchase with funds from
the Lucinda Weil Bunnen Fund and the Donald and Marilyn Keough Family,
2021.279. </span></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;">WHITE CHILD WITH ENSLAVED CHILD</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQmj_yl1fHANRchjTtJmnXoFHBJGjfILw-iApSrFgxjmw9Iq1RvuQL9XqEqyZXWVqigVCKAdFhcitXzOL9nP2GI11niaADJP_eUnbowgxoWJRvRK1fK9BIoj7CEBiWR-taL9aETutE55mMcIlIyagNH_flK1FaFmH-hurcdnF2kKjP1kx23PK3lLgLk2du/s800/Addison.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="800" height="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQmj_yl1fHANRchjTtJmnXoFHBJGjfILw-iApSrFgxjmw9Iq1RvuQL9XqEqyZXWVqigVCKAdFhcitXzOL9nP2GI11niaADJP_eUnbowgxoWJRvRK1fK9BIoj7CEBiWR-taL9aETutE55mMcIlIyagNH_flK1FaFmH-hurcdnF2kKjP1kx23PK3lLgLk2du/w526-h296/Addison.jpg" width="526" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br />This image really caught my attention: What was their relationship exactly? What became of them later in life?<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The New York Times said this of such
photographs: “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">Even before photographs of battle fortifications and mass graves and
prison camps and cities in ruin brought home in detail the enormous scale and
human cost of the Civil War, images of the realities of enslaved people in the
South inspired widespread moral outrage and aided the abolitionist movement.
Southern politicians had been lying about both the benevolence of enslavers and
the ‘three-fifths’ nature of Black humanity since the founding of this country,
but the real truth about slavery began to come clear to most people outside the
South only when first photographs of enslaved people ermerged.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Whitehurst Studios, <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Mary
Zulette Waterhouse, Richmond, Va., Age about Two, with Unidentified Enslaved
Child</span>, 1850s, hand-tinted sixth plate daguerreotype in hinged enclosure,
3 1/2 x 3 inches, Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Andover,
MA, museum purchase, 2012.21<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI24GFlQ-tC1boW3ymX80LzLWLrsipiQcf7osHLyP_iPvVrYBagZr-S2cnB5u0kbJ5HCAnmkVMbg9AjtzITx8nhFOrSpiu7S3cA67goDyhxD2gKlpkeycUFqPF2MUAElaxlCDx-bGKINJcvXEOsmkumOolmu1gtZFkb9Zzmwfd3uqOqnuwMFEkqsWqrNHp/s2400/2021.267%20Reekie%20crp_o2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1853" data-original-width="2400" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI24GFlQ-tC1boW3ymX80LzLWLrsipiQcf7osHLyP_iPvVrYBagZr-S2cnB5u0kbJ5HCAnmkVMbg9AjtzITx8nhFOrSpiu7S3cA67goDyhxD2gKlpkeycUFqPF2MUAElaxlCDx-bGKINJcvXEOsmkumOolmu1gtZFkb9Zzmwfd3uqOqnuwMFEkqsWqrNHp/w469-h362/2021.267%20Reekie%20crp_o2.jpg" width="469" /></a></span></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span>CHILLING COLLECTION OF SKULLS</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">This
photograph by John Reekie (1832-1885) can lead viewers to gasp at its content
and composition. It was included in a sketch book produced by legendary Civil
War photographer Alexander Gardner. The relatively unknown Reekie captured
African-American soldiers in April 1865 digging up the remains of Union troops
who died nearly a year before at Cold Harbor, Va.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">The
Metropolitan Museum of Art <b><a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/302590" target="_blank">says this of</a></b> the photograph: “<span style="background: white;">Reekie’s atypical low vantage point and tight
composition ensure that the foreground soldier’s head is precisely the same
size as the bleached white skulls and that the head of one of the workers rests
in the sky above the distant tree line. It is a macabre and chilling
portrait -- literally a study of black and white -- that is as memorable as any made
during the war.<br />
</span></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">A
Burial Party, Cold Harbor, Virginia, 1865, published 1866, albumen silver
print, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, purchase with funds from the Lucinda Weil
Bunnen Fund and the Donald and Marilyn Keough Family, 2021.267</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBOJzpbz31vi75SLN0Gop1OIAOL6E0ontacZ1X9y1XaQ0-zj-lNrlyPIBO_ioyz5pbKZx0c8R3NrkfA-kOAWratKt3n3i00ECVbuzm1lxbzBdBGIpXgFZHhtPoLmYIb97lqLVphyphenhyphenUUHivaYpdZpjlVBgNfBErs9bJPP5UeRL_astfgPZKI-f8v0pT-rCxi/s2400/2021.269%20Bonsall%20crp_o2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1793" data-original-width="2400" height="368" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBOJzpbz31vi75SLN0Gop1OIAOL6E0ontacZ1X9y1XaQ0-zj-lNrlyPIBO_ioyz5pbKZx0c8R3NrkfA-kOAWratKt3n3i00ECVbuzm1lxbzBdBGIpXgFZHhtPoLmYIb97lqLVphyphenhyphenUUHivaYpdZpjlVBgNfBErs9bJPP5UeRL_astfgPZKI-f8v0pT-rCxi/w493-h368/2021.269%20Bonsall%20crp_o2.jpg" width="493" /></a></span></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br />GET YOUR PICTURE RIGHT HERE!</span></b><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Isaac H.
Bonsall (1833–1909), according to the High Museum, was one of many enterprising
photographers who took advantage of the public’s rising interest in
photography, especially studio portraits, during the onset of the Civil War.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“These
photographs allowed sitters to strengthen bonds with their loved ones, reinvent
themselves, and construct personal histories,” the museum says. “In 1862,
the <em><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #4d4d4d;">New York
Tribune</span></em> published an observer’s account of the onslaught of
traveling portrait studios among the army: “A camp is hardly pitched before one
of the omnipresent artists in collodion and amber … pitches his canvas gallery
and unpacks his chemicals.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Bonsall’s Photo Gallery, Chattanooga,
TN, 1865, albumen silver print, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, purchase with
funds from the Lucinda Weil Bunnen Fund and the Donald Marilyn Keough Family,
2021.269.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcwmxdLSPRXcuBWLCfwXjPuN_2_eIxh88haRq3le_E1oC36Y1NV7vxmRljG7Sb5Mj7vs2vW9T3fYr9DJx_TEj9Buy_5LYAtxBaodUfzSjfFFSMP3VRPFtz-cOT2t8IrbpHXMi5OcDsZkWk62Nix-ca2yQi5ut2M11T5Ghz0mV9XyssiEQGDsUOQNgPKjzQ/s2293/2021.275%20Artillery_RAM%20crp_o2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1739" data-original-width="2293" height="401" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcwmxdLSPRXcuBWLCfwXjPuN_2_eIxh88haRq3le_E1oC36Y1NV7vxmRljG7Sb5Mj7vs2vW9T3fYr9DJx_TEj9Buy_5LYAtxBaodUfzSjfFFSMP3VRPFtz-cOT2t8IrbpHXMi5OcDsZkWk62Nix-ca2yQi5ut2M11T5Ghz0mV9XyssiEQGDsUOQNgPKjzQ/w527-h401/2021.275%20Artillery_RAM%20crp_o2.jpg" width="527" /></a></span></b></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />RAMMING THE ROUND HOME</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">The men of 2nd
Regiment, United States Colored Light Artillery, Battery A, are shown on drill
circa 1864. <span style="color: #4d4d4d;">Organized in Nashville in 1864 and
dispatched until 1866, the unit accompanied the infantry and cavalry troops
into battle with horse-drawn cannons. </span></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #4d4d4d; font-family: arial;">Though
many batteries were relegated to everyday garrison duty, Battery A fought in
the Battle of Nashville in December 1864, where these photographs chronicling
the loading and firing of the gun may have been taken, the High Museum says.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Unidentified photographer, albumen
silver print, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, purchase with funds from the Lucinda
Weil Bunnen Fund and the Donald and Marilyn Keough Family, 2021.275.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;">EYES OF A YOUNG ARTILLERYMAN </span>(top photo)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #4d4d4d; font-family: arial;">More
than 25.000 black artillerymen, many of whom were freedmen from Confederate
states, served in the Union Army. Artillerymen were required to handle hundreds
of pounds of supplies, such as the gun, its limber, a traveling forge and
caissons to store the ammunition, according to the High Museum. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unidentified photographer, <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Young biracial artilleryman</span>, undated,
ambrotype, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, purchase with funds from the
Lucinda Weil Bunnen Fund and the Donald and Marilyn Keough Family,
2021.280. </span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJcneiRAMogBc9VeYYA-29ldkVWoxJh1MaYMApZUxx7Jp1knvp__cew6Df96iIaZYXROh0IJlBYuj4i0IA6uiXnQxCh8S7FNCfq1mL28m5bOLjj5iEjmcyP5SAGieGiOb7bDv5g3HSx7JuC28GxvLSCns2hwWz4EWq5wFwkcO02wbseofk_Ch-Qanj4yGE/s2400/75.23%20Barnard_o2%20(1).jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1730" data-original-width="2400" height="348" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJcneiRAMogBc9VeYYA-29ldkVWoxJh1MaYMApZUxx7Jp1knvp__cew6Df96iIaZYXROh0IJlBYuj4i0IA6uiXnQxCh8S7FNCfq1mL28m5bOLjj5iEjmcyP5SAGieGiOb7bDv5g3HSx7JuC28GxvLSCns2hwWz4EWq5wFwkcO02wbseofk_Ch-Qanj4yGE/w481-h348/75.23%20Barnard_o2%20(1).jpg" width="481" /></a></span></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />CONFEDERATE WORKS IN GEORGIA</span><o:p></o:p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">George N. Barnard (1819-1902) arrived in Atlanta
shortly after the Confederates abandoned the city. He was intent on taking
photographs of its defenses, including this image of what is now part of the
Georgia Tech campus.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <b><a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/302617" target="_blank">Metropolitan Museum of Art says</a></b> </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #333333;">“this
view is one of the most frequently cited and reproduced of all Barnard’s war
photographs. The subject is an abandoned Confederate fort with rows of
chevaux-de-frise running through the landscape.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">Rebel Works in Front of Atlanta, Ga.,
No. 1, 1864, printed 1866, albumen silver print, High Museum of Art, Atlanta,
gift of Mrs. Everett N. McDonnell, 75.23.</span><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-10734083903549424902024-01-09T12:24:00.006-05:002024-01-09T18:47:13.254-05:00At James Longstreet's grave in Georgia, taking measure of a man whose reputation gets stronger with time -- and through a new biography<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisW7HJ-7VomaqzrjW9VLZ3ZtfEsUiVazWEo9F-m72DftexJBVEcKgJz4gojeKAfqx1g9sKib_biOPQWIfRt_QpNlqteViuKTLvI6TTrzv95XJPyH28YcmQYTc0kv3MIdPFWdT9DYcFemyvZPEqdW8tOcUVengu1IeD0bvLLPUgoXoSKW8NAKhUJSS58HJk/s6097/combo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3949" data-original-width="6097" height="372" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisW7HJ-7VomaqzrjW9VLZ3ZtfEsUiVazWEo9F-m72DftexJBVEcKgJz4gojeKAfqx1g9sKib_biOPQWIfRt_QpNlqteViuKTLvI6TTrzv95XJPyH28YcmQYTc0kv3MIdPFWdT9DYcFemyvZPEqdW8tOcUVengu1IeD0bvLLPUgoXoSKW8NAKhUJSS58HJk/w575-h372/combo.jpg" width="575" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Longstreet's grave on Sunday, birthday cake later at the Piedmont Hotel (Picket photos)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">With a copy
of the new biography of James Longstreet in tow, I drove Sunday to Gainesville,
Ga., for the annual memorial service honoring the Confederate general.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">I’ve been to
<b><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Longstreet-Confederate-General-Defied-South-ebook/dp/B0BTZY4JLW" target="_blank">Alta Vista Cemetery before</a></b> (though I don’t remember it being as chilly) and I
was long familiar with (and have written about) Lt. Gen. Longstreet’s
controversial life – his performance at Gettysburg and, later, support for
Reconstruction, black suffrage and the Republican Party.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">When I
visited and interviewed people about the Southern pariah nearly 15 years ago,
his story was little-known to most Americans. Yes, the novel “The Killer
Angels” and the film “Gettysburg,” coupled with scholarship by historians, helped
to usher in a reassessment of the general.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">But I think
America’s current political divide – a take no prisoners philosophy – and its
racial reckoning since Charlottesville and Charleston have made for perfect <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>timing for Elizabeth R. Varon’s “<b><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Longstreet-Confederate-General-Defied-South-ebook/dp/B0BTZY4JLW" target="_blank">Longstreet:The Confederate General Who Defied The South</a></b>.” In the past couple months, I
have noticed more articles about Longstreet than ever before. Varon’s biography,
which I read over the holidays, has generally <b><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/22/books/review/longstreet-elizabeth-r-varon.html" target="_blank">been well-received</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCWs-hLbV69hkmUYHSUs98V9tVeGfYGI6cNsliTcjPHQS2gq3QdO4Qf5vkHoMRNaqlaoYCi9G7Dfr22TsedmiTGIvuF4MzCF4mgoTYPp5VJAU82cAePFmnZklHLWvg-Q4E6cd0g4Gmo4ApNG2RDwEJMs_hLyqdzkVlPMZUaq5RR2daIhSYOoEtVOI0N4qF/s4032/IMG_0664.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCWs-hLbV69hkmUYHSUs98V9tVeGfYGI6cNsliTcjPHQS2gq3QdO4Qf5vkHoMRNaqlaoYCi9G7Dfr22TsedmiTGIvuF4MzCF4mgoTYPp5VJAU82cAePFmnZklHLWvg-Q4E6cd0g4Gmo4ApNG2RDwEJMs_hLyqdzkVlPMZUaq5RR2daIhSYOoEtVOI0N4qF/w467-h350/IMG_0664.JPG" width="467" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">A small gathering Sunday at Longstreet's grave in Gainesville, Ga. (Picket photo)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">On Sunday, I
stood near a dozen other people – many members of the Gainesville-based
<b><a href="http://www.longstreetsociety.org/" target="_blank">The Longstreet Society</a></b> -- circling the family plot. While an impressive monument
mentions the general’s Confederate service and an iron Southern Cross of Honor
is positioned nearby, it’s notable a U.S. flag flies above the grave and
violinist played the National Anthem during the brief service –- 120 years
after the man’s passing.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Society
president Richard Pilcher gave a brief summary of the general’s life,
mentioning his military prowess, public service and courage away from the
battlefield – working for reconciliation after the war. “Many Southerners
considered him a traitor to the cause, and blamed him for the Confederacy’s
defeat,” he said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Of the people
I spoke with at the cemetery and at the society’s headquarters about a mile
away, only a couple had read much of Varon’s book, which dubs Longstreet
“Confederate Judas” in the prologue. But they know the general’s story – and
have been his defender for a generation. (<i>Sharon Johns plays during the memorial service at Alta Vista, below</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Longstreet
lived in Gainesville the last 30-plus years of his life, filling federal jobs,
writing his memoirs, defending his war record and lobbying for the reunification
of North and South. The society has held the memorial service for 29
consecutive years. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5Ysd0FoMJtdzpMmLeNDOaqiqqIlOtLC4tmnOD1YMlVc_2K3CSsIUPA5BCh5gK0v2Xq0YeZjrF-cuQSXbxo8oYIfaHl2FD5l1lY5IO4_Xm9NXSRO9RnZqVmxp7DZmVkeFQuh6oXlg1mOoJmILisicmiULMir20PU9VX-sxlIOv9uKqt0JCfRToefUE5dhf/s2994/IMG_0662.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2673" data-original-width="2994" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5Ysd0FoMJtdzpMmLeNDOaqiqqIlOtLC4tmnOD1YMlVc_2K3CSsIUPA5BCh5gK0v2Xq0YeZjrF-cuQSXbxo8oYIfaHl2FD5l1lY5IO4_Xm9NXSRO9RnZqVmxp7DZmVkeFQuh6oXlg1mOoJmILisicmiULMir20PU9VX-sxlIOv9uKqt0JCfRToefUE5dhf/w245-h219/IMG_0662.JPG" width="245" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Member Doug
Smith, a lifelong resident of the area, at the service read Theodore
Roosevelt’s famous passage about bravery – the kind Longstreet demonstrated as
he defended himself when he was assailed by Southerners who deemed him a
turncoat for supporting former enemy Ulysses S. Grant and Reconstruction.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Longstreet,
who supported slavery before and during the conflict, did an about-face on race
and famously led black and white troops in New Orleans during a violent white uprising in
the 1870s. And while he was not a racial egalitarian, <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2009/10/gen-longstreet-part-2.html" target="_blank">Longstreet pushed</a></b> for
black suffrage in the decade after Appomattox (He was not an active civil rights
activist in his last years.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">The worthy
man, Roosevelt wrote, is he who fights for something despite the pain, willing
to fail “while daring greatly.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">I spoke with
Smith afterward at the <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2009/09/southern-fried-longstreet-part-1.html" target="_blank">historic Piedmont Hotel,</a></b> the society’s headquarters.
Longstreet operated the hotel and lived there for a time, welcoming those who
took a buggy from the rail depot a couple blocks away. He famously served them
Southern fried chicken, according to legend.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNzGKtAc2qWL8JNaWh5B0d0wag8tXa2rgZ_Iugp714iLQnrRqos8xYRolKs7dCoP822cxPqCevrJedTrs5THIHtYATxoK_WArnnm-Ys_xHnI3kfEDTDUTGjok5zty8uixBVcbH4eZjnXYY4Q_wpJUubtyFR6wpd_WP-kiVVAj0U0zf_SwVhH0mAkpMnauO/s3149/IMG_0677.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3149" data-original-width="2185" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNzGKtAc2qWL8JNaWh5B0d0wag8tXa2rgZ_Iugp714iLQnrRqos8xYRolKs7dCoP822cxPqCevrJedTrs5THIHtYATxoK_WArnnm-Ys_xHnI3kfEDTDUTGjok5zty8uixBVcbH4eZjnXYY4Q_wpJUubtyFR6wpd_WP-kiVVAj0U0zf_SwVhH0mAkpMnauO/s320/IMG_0677.JPG" width="222" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“You could be
flawless if you sat on the couch every day,” Smith told me, providing his
perspective on <b><a href="https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/7-it-is-not-the-critic-who-counts-not-the-man" target="_blank">Roosevelt’s words</a></b> and their application to Longstreet.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">As members
and visitors enjoyed birthday cake (Longstreet’s birthday is January 8), Smith
told me he learned nothing as a child about the general. Southern leaders and
educators had brushed Longstreet aside, and veneration for his valor was out of
the question.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">“I never heard
of him one bit until the Gettysburg movie came out,” Smith said of the 1993
film that starred Tom Berenger as Longstreet.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">The movie
focused heavily on the Gen. Robert E. Lee-Longstreet relationship during the
battle. The latter, who Lee called his “old war horse,” lobbied for a more
defensive posture. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">Longstreet in postwar years voiced his opinion that Lee
should not have launched the disastrous Day Three attack at Gettysburg.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;">Advocates of the romantic Lost Cause myth lashed out at him, and said he
failed Lee at Gettysburg by delaying the execution of orders.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">But many Confederate veterans lionized him and he was popular
at reunions, including a notable gathering at Gettysburg in 1888.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Longstreet-Confederate-General-Defied-South-ebook/dp/B0BTZY4JLW" target="_blank">The society’s museum</a></b> mostly covers Longstreet’s military service, his family and the hotel.
Pilcher estimates about 60 percent of the interest in the general is about his
Civil War record.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6zFrmh4uvkzGAv7E-BwzI8lsnrqmxQHp2HYKH8ZDf-JGeM82svrVNryICVToK48nphAU53o7XfLoRhFQKcERzbtPRFFAb1mtRaOHeFlJA3etvK0D-iJ2QE_d8d2PpN9qKP2N8t2lAHnpn97l5E5r_H3Ggh5A4OsdyiAdVYYUPyW9u42Fl7mGvSD1KFgoy/s1851/IMG_0698.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1851" data-original-width="1463" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6zFrmh4uvkzGAv7E-BwzI8lsnrqmxQHp2HYKH8ZDf-JGeM82svrVNryICVToK48nphAU53o7XfLoRhFQKcERzbtPRFFAb1mtRaOHeFlJA3etvK0D-iJ2QE_d8d2PpN9qKP2N8t2lAHnpn97l5E5r_H3Ggh5A4OsdyiAdVYYUPyW9u42Fl7mGvSD1KFgoy/w158-h200/IMG_0698.JPG" width="158" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Longstreet supporters, like those I spoke with Sunday, <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2009/10/gen-longstreet-part-2.html" target="_blank">defend his actions</a></b> at Gettysburg. Interestingly, one portrays Lee at various events,
such as he did Sunday.<span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">“I love Lee,
but Lee made a mistake at Gettysburg,” Raymond E. Loggins, dressed in uniform (left),
said on the porch of the remaining portion of the hotel.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Smith said
Longstreet was a pragmatist and believed it made sense for the South to accept
defeat and move forward. As for the general’s motivation?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">“The war is
over. We lost. Get over it. I’ve got to make a living,” Smith theorized, who has read portions of the new biography.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Even after
reading Varon’s book, I still don’t know exactly why Longstreet took the path
he did after the Civil War. Was it because of his deep friendship with Grant? Was
it by taking federal jobs in Republican administrations, as he did, he would be exempt from foes firing him
if he held a local position? Or, maybe he wanted the South to lower its head
and do what it was needed to be full equals.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">We may never
know, and a framed piece of text at the museum, entitled “PRESENTISM,” goes to
the difficulty of understanding the thoughts of people who lived 160 years ago.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW6w247Q6ShBwA1BlvIfIJIQ1VbUnEMZGKSf539O2qyPLPoOKIYzNKoEFJVmzKXR3W5h_2BOiLBRdJJGdXYfRLL9JfLSIz3FYbeSs_E6Es81dp8IuUq-VkMY6VdE52sgAzuIampRWsu0JcAd_gpma33IDVOCI8sb2Pjm9wAI5Vq_jmR3PAfdEZv-epODlR/s4032/IMG_0675.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="351" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW6w247Q6ShBwA1BlvIfIJIQ1VbUnEMZGKSf539O2qyPLPoOKIYzNKoEFJVmzKXR3W5h_2BOiLBRdJJGdXYfRLL9JfLSIz3FYbeSs_E6Es81dp8IuUq-VkMY6VdE52sgAzuIampRWsu0JcAd_gpma33IDVOCI8sb2Pjm9wAI5Vq_jmR3PAfdEZv-epODlR/w468-h351/IMG_0675.JPG" width="468" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Only the first floor of the old Piedmont Hotel survives (Picket photos)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">“Presentism
is an ugly virus invading journalism, history, religion and other fields,” the
message reads. “It is the idea that we should apply the modern world’s moral
and ethical standards to judge people of the past who had different standards.
And, if people from our past are found wanting in the judgment of the present,
the virus would eradicate their names and their memorials from the world.”<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">Of course,
many Americans vociferously disagree when it comes to the Confederacy, saying
actions speak louder than words. Civil rights activists, according to CNN, say
monuments are racist and offensive because they honor those who promoted the
enslavement of Black people.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Helvetica","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.3pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">“Destroying these monuments
and these memorials will not erase the legacy of slavery,” said Southern
Poverty Law Center researcher Kimberly Probolus in 2022. “But abolishing these
memorials is a first and essential step in combating the white supremacist
values of the Confederacy.”</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2014/08/gen-james-longstreets-granddaughter.html" target="_blank"></a></b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUeSGd-pyvKw2HhLlXPlwrcQ3x7tul89ehOSvOuDHbHPyNmBaoouPSDvccrvFEPjPBM6M51PobcA32xHOZ3bPVXMJpoba7ou9kTIBXwUpXqLtGW3crL2iN9N9k-Wa9L95LFR4GklMqtchL7x1vOerqAKi23faw9ccxNaJ8aJuR2Fc87ylvbcAr9MNlKG2Z/s4032/IMG_0681.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="351" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUeSGd-pyvKw2HhLlXPlwrcQ3x7tul89ehOSvOuDHbHPyNmBaoouPSDvccrvFEPjPBM6M51PobcA32xHOZ3bPVXMJpoba7ou9kTIBXwUpXqLtGW3crL2iN9N9k-Wa9L95LFR4GklMqtchL7x1vOerqAKi23faw9ccxNaJ8aJuR2Fc87ylvbcAr9MNlKG2Z/w263-h351/IMG_0681.JPG" width="263" /></span></a></b></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Dan Paterson</b>,
a great-grandson of Longstreet who lives in Virginia, was unable to attend
Sunday’s memorial. But he told me beforehand he plans to read Varon’s book
soon.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“I was aware of the book coming out for quite
some time and my anticipation was guarded as it usually has been regarding
Longstreet books over the years,” Paterson wrote in an email, adding he has
enjoyed some biographies of the general.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Given the monument destruction of the last
several years, including grave desecration, I am a bit leery of the angle taken
on any former Confederate commander, much less my ancestor,” said Paterson, who
said he had ancestors who fought on both sides. He faulted the recent removal
of the <b><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesfarrell/2023/12/20/judge-allows-confederate-statue-at-arlington-national-cemetery-to-be-removed-ending-day-long-hold/?sh=59965e772c40" target="_blank">Confederate monument </a></b>at Arlington National Cemetery.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Taking down a reconciliation monument right
before Christmas is not a good look.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: arial;">Regarding Longstreet, Paterson said: “It seems
to me, from what I am told, he will probably be the only former Confederate not
canceled. Those are the words of my son. who also added that the
liberals/progressives are backing him up or his reputation, as it were.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-34529687689979496582024-01-05T08:42:00.011-05:002024-01-05T16:49:25.146-05:00Army's Fort Sam Houston renames road for Maj. Jonathan Letterman, the 'Father of Battlefield Medicine' and a Civil War surgeon<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijUjdIhGF_8j6SARJnK0ndkB4ADfnqrhHXZ0M0HzsQoWvmiq37hY9XVAIA0bfcn6Ybb2jVoLP5zgUqgQNJDYsnz4Ren8u48u5SQ4A2mMMo3xcqgooOscCiAbaK5wgiV1-0UGHEORY4NI57TvSmiSEhFJToVBbQMVFcQbELZAhWs32FOKobPU7vgd_7_unM/s2680/Letterman2.tif" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2377" data-original-width="2680" height="466" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijUjdIhGF_8j6SARJnK0ndkB4ADfnqrhHXZ0M0HzsQoWvmiq37hY9XVAIA0bfcn6Ybb2jVoLP5zgUqgQNJDYsnz4Ren8u48u5SQ4A2mMMo3xcqgooOscCiAbaK5wgiV1-0UGHEORY4NI57TvSmiSEhFJToVBbQMVFcQbELZAhWs32FOKobPU7vgd_7_unM/w525-h466/Letterman2.tif" width="525" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Maj. Letterman (seated) was an innovator in battlefield medical care (Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">Fort Sam
Houston -- home of the prestigious Brooke Army Medical Center and the U.S.
Army Medical Center of Excellence – is removing the name of a Confederate
general from a street and designating it Letterman Road, a tribute to a Civil
War pioneer in the treatment of trauma patients.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Joint Base
San Antonio officials <b><a href="https://www.aetc.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3630958/jbsa-fort-sam-houston-street-renamed-after-civil-war-surgeon-soldier/" target="_blank">made the announcement </a></b>Wednesday, saying Army Maj.
Jonathan Letterman is receiving the honor as the “Father of Battlefield
Medicine.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">William
Hardee Road is <span style="background: white; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;">being renamed
after the recommendation of a congressional commission set up to remove
Confederate names from military bases. Lt. Gen. William J. Hardee was a senior
commander in the Confederate army. Earlier in his career, after the
Mexican-American War, he was posted in Texas, including <b><a href="https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/chron/civilwarnotes/hardee.html" target="_blank">a stint in San Antonio</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;">Letterman, <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/jonathan-letterman" target="_blank">a surgeon and administrator</a></b> with the Union
Army of the Potomac, established the first ambulance corps, reorganized hospitals
and devised the system of triage treatment, saving the lives of thousands. His ambulance system was successfully tested at Antietam, Fredericksburg and Gettysburg.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">“Before Letterman’s innovations,
wounded men were often left to fend for themselves. Unless carried off the
field by a comrade, or one of the regimental musicians doubling as a stretcher
bearer, a wounded soldier could lie for days suffering from exposure and
thirst,” said <b><a href="https://www.aetc.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3630958/jbsa-fort-sam-houston-street-renamed-after-civil-war-surgeon-soldier/" target="_blank">a news release</a></b> this week about the road renaming.<o:p></o:p></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLS6tsxnl0bgIgtuNNdI5WXuFGFYmtgJZc_JlBxbrR614n5y93aEdQo1ZHMQIBPL6vKibw6q3VBhqeXUyKYcMbxoFslVW6oGjtxf2q-Ek2acBWmm6RiX_IbTOKCsmBGAm-OzI_GIS_SmO2dSCC9WxVwdhvVGzJzGxViR0hjH4vdCRGKCZQQ1HtHD4Cy5Vv/s4145/Ambulance%20corps.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2593" data-original-width="4145" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLS6tsxnl0bgIgtuNNdI5WXuFGFYmtgJZc_JlBxbrR614n5y93aEdQo1ZHMQIBPL6vKibw6q3VBhqeXUyKYcMbxoFslVW6oGjtxf2q-Ek2acBWmm6RiX_IbTOKCsmBGAm-OzI_GIS_SmO2dSCC9WxVwdhvVGzJzGxViR0hjH4vdCRGKCZQQ1HtHD4Cy5Vv/w509-h318/Ambulance%20corps.jpg" width="509" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Demonstration of the Army of the Potomac's ambulance corps (Library of Congress)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.4px;">Letterman put in place field dressing station near the battlefield for initial treatment and wound dressings. A field hospital, usually in homes or a barn, provided emergency surgery and more treatment. Large hospitals away from the hospital provided long-term care, according to the American Battlefield Trust.</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"></span></p><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">The National Museum of Civil War Medicine in Frederick, Md., offers a
<b><a href="https://www.civilwarmed.org/quick-facts/letterman/" target="_blank">medical excellence award</a></b> in Letterman’s honor, recognizing innovation in
treatment. It was pleased by the road renaming at Fort Sam Houston.</span><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">David Price, executive director of the museum, says the venue tells the
story of Letterman and his leadership in bringing about profound changes in the
health of a fighting force. "He simply brought order out of chaos. The
system he put in place on Civil War battlefields is the same system used today
around the world. His innovations were quickly adopted into civilian
medicine - specifically the ambulance system, which we all are familiar with
today.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">The <a href="https://www.nps.gov/anti/planyourvisit/pryhouse.htm" target="_blank"><b>Pry House Field Hospital</b></a> museum at Antietam
National Battlefield details Letterman's command of the medical response on the
bloodiest day in American history in September 1862. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">“His system was in its infancy and proved
invaluable in evacuating the nearly 23,000 casualties within 24 hours of the
battle,” said Price in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG2QFYI8iQPbFkWi28wqIZYn9699y6aULibGCRDSPMGqHCXwE7FG9Yir6wjezMjStXluEhpSqY_PCkhwWQbrg3G7Ecq0qE5yFlACJUa6Ta8uoUnZW_ayLxK9GxE945Qzw2UqinuPkMKsTkgu2LwmcnSoQ6_8yjGp69fJm80iT_JikaoLL7TNewK3mM9nb9/s1946/Letterman%20desk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1289" data-original-width="1946" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG2QFYI8iQPbFkWi28wqIZYn9699y6aULibGCRDSPMGqHCXwE7FG9Yir6wjezMjStXluEhpSqY_PCkhwWQbrg3G7Ecq0qE5yFlACJUa6Ta8uoUnZW_ayLxK9GxE945Qzw2UqinuPkMKsTkgu2LwmcnSoQ6_8yjGp69fJm80iT_JikaoLL7TNewK3mM9nb9/w464-h308/Letterman%20desk.jpg" width="464" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Letterman's desk is on display in Frederick, Md. (Courtesy NMCWM)</td></tr></tbody></table>The museum’s Frederick location includes some
Letterman items, including his desk, which is on loan from <b><a href="https://www.civilwarmed.org/people/dammann/" target="_blank">Gordon Dammann</a></b>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">The first floor focuses on echelons of
care, triage, logistics, nutrition and more.“Modern medical military leaders
come from all over the world to see the birth of the systems they command today,”
said Price.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial, "sans-serif";">The museum recently purchased a reproduction <b><a href="https://civilwarlibrarian.blogspot.com/2013/06/on-road-rosecranswheeling-wv-ambulance.html" target="_blank">Rosecrans/Wheeling</a></b>-style ambulance from a seller in New Hampshire. It and a Rucker-style<b><a href="https://www.civilwarmed.org/ambulance-repair/" target="_blank"> reproduction</a></b> are on view at the Pry House. </span></p><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9SmFdhcT_y8S-RjHq18v0GVaHrW9k5TYQQ7dDwLhcy2gYlwbbioZtsWGx9i3kcGChOkuB0aV_jsxCOOzLmMPaFB1PCkWqLZ_aOQeR53Emq7SPOBkQDQHa2yvVsQqRBYXc1bFVgs943ArRNUYH7nBYFYGVauS5yeSc7fP51Yj5u4Rq8A0ZwVByX8a0O6cQ/s3329/ambulances%20pry.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1985" data-original-width="3329" height="269" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9SmFdhcT_y8S-RjHq18v0GVaHrW9k5TYQQ7dDwLhcy2gYlwbbioZtsWGx9i3kcGChOkuB0aV_jsxCOOzLmMPaFB1PCkWqLZ_aOQeR53Emq7SPOBkQDQHa2yvVsQqRBYXc1bFVgs943ArRNUYH7nBYFYGVauS5yeSc7fP51Yj5u4Rq8A0ZwVByX8a0O6cQ/w451-h269/ambulances%20pry.jpg" width="451" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Reproduction ambulances at Pry House at Antietam (Courtesy NMCWM)</td></tr></tbody></table>Letterman's ideas remain foundational to trauma care.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-family: arial;">“I
often wondered whether, had I been confronted with the primitive system which
Letterman fell heir to at the beginning of the Civil War, I could have
developed as good an organization as he did. I doubt it,” said Maj. Gen. Paul
Hawley, chief surgeon of the European Theater in WWII. “There was not a day
during World War II that I did not thank God for Jonathan Letterman.”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The innovator has been honored before. The now-closed hospital at the
Presidio in San Francisco was named Letterman Army Hospital.</span></span></span></p><p></p></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-63431409990101760472023-12-29T07:18:00.004-05:002023-12-29T07:22:55.151-05:002023's Top 11 Picket posts: Fredericksburg cannonball house, fallen witness tree, loads of river artifacts, flag finial find -- and much more<p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO6q2GjYdKqwygUYhNrUcCtk47R7tWaLZM48Jpjb2IGjLLmZjK7SzfO8Er3ADC1AdlDOGicz9g2KNQfc9GpIBD2vkcxLmZCiOWfhprhhhDadeEsWbMhKdz0WvnXeygG92ZIZDoLRNnIzNs-Tt_YtMEJTJrWT4AzECA9_h49-u93aKFJJhwjyB5hjReKXmo/s1931/Combo.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1109" data-original-width="1931" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO6q2GjYdKqwygUYhNrUcCtk47R7tWaLZM48Jpjb2IGjLLmZjK7SzfO8Er3ADC1AdlDOGicz9g2KNQfc9GpIBD2vkcxLmZCiOWfhprhhhDadeEsWbMhKdz0WvnXeygG92ZIZDoLRNnIzNs-Tt_YtMEJTJrWT4AzECA9_h49-u93aKFJJhwjyB5hjReKXmo/w578-h333/Combo.jpg" width="578" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /><span>Artifacts
and archaeology continue to be big draws to this blog. The top 11 Civil War
Picket posts – by Blogger page views -- in 2023 included posts on an impressive
collection of period rifles, a Virginia home that comes with a cannonball and a
flag finial found in the ravine of a Georgia battlefield.</span><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">We’ve got several items in
the works (USS Monitor, Fort Sumter flags, POWs) and we look forward to rolling
out those and more in 2024. Thanks so much for your continued interest.
Please tell a friend or two about us. Happy New Year!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">11. GETTYSBURG AMPUTEES</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">:</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;">Even after 160 years,
unpublished photographs associated with the Battle of Gettysburg occasionally
come to light, including one unveiled this year depicting Federal amputees and
other wounded recovering at a hospital. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href=" https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/07/a-touching-photograph-of-union-amputees.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></b></span></span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">10. CSI: NASHVILLE</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">:</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;"> The Metro Nashville
Historical Commission partnered with local police to study two unoccupied
log structures at Sunnyside Mansion in Sevier Park. They wanted to solve the
mystery regarding embedded bullets and holes discovered earlier this year in
the cabin walls. Here’s what they learned <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/07/csi-nashville-goes-civil-war-police-3d.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">9. SAVING
A CIVIL WAR SURVIVOR:</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;">Restoring the Adam Strain
building in Darien, Ga., and an adjoining one-story building is a labor of pure
craftsmanship and sweat equity. The Strain survived the burning of the coastal
town during the Civil War.</span><b> </b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/07/saving-civil-war-survivor-restoration.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></span></b></span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKmKwDEBszfSbo9HeZRvlOOT_oPw-vOdH5wcZ-BSwyFNsZdrBpSBeI_Xxba6B8QT4YHyx4d9ZRi6zkp1OaxnAa_Rphh3v3Tf7bwaLCWL907Su14veGEPIGM0icrUwkW1KqunPmA0cLO3RYo2-0oFVjNsX0dvdA1KFQV6lZq3yYUQcv0zOpq4fVFavSuYzb/s1725/2014-01-05-04F-003%20408%20Hanover.tif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1126" data-original-width="1725" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKmKwDEBszfSbo9HeZRvlOOT_oPw-vOdH5wcZ-BSwyFNsZdrBpSBeI_Xxba6B8QT4YHyx4d9ZRi6zkp1OaxnAa_Rphh3v3Tf7bwaLCWL907Su14veGEPIGM0icrUwkW1KqunPmA0cLO3RYo2-0oFVjNsX0dvdA1KFQV6lZq3yYUQcv0zOpq4fVFavSuYzb/w400-h261/2014-01-05-04F-003%20408%20Hanover.tif" width="400" /></a></div><br />8.
HOME COMES WITH A CANNONBALL</b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black;">:</span></b></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;">A piece of ordnance on an upper-floor brick wall is among the selling
points for a 1848 Greek Revival residence in Fredericksburg, Va. As many
as 100 shells a minute exploded over the town during the Dec. 11, 1862, Union
bombardment.</span><b> </b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/09/for-nearly-18-million-you-can-own.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">7.
LOADED WITH RIFLES</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">:</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;">The Atlanta History Center, home to the Cyclorama
painting depicting the Battle of Atlanta and a major exhibit on the Civil War,
has acquired dozens of weapons in the past couple of years, bringing the total
inventory to nearly 400. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/02/civil-war-rifles-atlanta-history-center.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></b></span></span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><b><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSEpaU8X8UjUEd_GjT7aUcD6xfoGLw_ykS4drbMLa8x7mb1N323TKSmCzwkLUQjsJd91EldFvE-vlnCzV1BXfOoUiT_uKK9VEpPH8KrvZ_vGHwHMFyyasQK7XWZ6R6wbfAuEAy3mluh691hGVJeLf2Bw8Efquzu8sqt34y8guc9rF5m_w3pYYoabJlk92Q/s762/Oak.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="762" data-original-width="618" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSEpaU8X8UjUEd_GjT7aUcD6xfoGLw_ykS4drbMLa8x7mb1N323TKSmCzwkLUQjsJd91EldFvE-vlnCzV1BXfOoUiT_uKK9VEpPH8KrvZ_vGHwHMFyyasQK7XWZ6R6wbfAuEAy3mluh691hGVJeLf2Bw8Efquzu8sqt34y8guc9rF5m_w3pYYoabJlk92Q/s320/Oak.jpg" width="260" /></span></a></b></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span>6. WITNESS TREE DIES</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">: <span style="background: white;">An imposing witness tree that greeted visitors
to </span></span><a href="https://www.exploregordoncounty.com/directory/resaca-battlefield-historic-site/" target="_blank"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #0e487e; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Resaca Battlefield
Historic Site</span></b></a><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;"> in northwest Georgia is gone, lost to
weather and old age. The spot where the tree was located is approximately
the area where the Union’s 20th Corps and the 14th Corps overlapped one another
during the 1864 battle. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/12/a-giant-oak-at-resaca-battlefield-in-nw.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></b></span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">5. FLAG FINIAL</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">: <span style="background: white;">Staff members and volunteers at Pickett’s Mill
Battlefield near Atlanta thought a weathered finial – an ornament placed on the
top of a flag – might be a reproduction. Here’s what they now say, and
why.<a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/05/where-eagles-dare-bronze-bird-was-atop.html" target="_blank"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">– Read more</b></a></span></span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">4. MIGHTY MILITARY
MINIATURES:</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> <span style="background: white;">Visitors to Gettysburg National Military Park in
Augusta saw up to 300 military miniatures at an exhibition that supported
efforts to conserve the park’s 2<sup>nd</sup> North Carolina Infantry
flag. Officials said the regiment likely carried the flag at Gettysburg in July
1863. The unit brought 243 men to the field and suffered 61 casualties in three
days of fighting.<a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/08/military-miniatures-galore-this-weekend.html" target="_blank"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">– Read more</b></a></span></span><span style="color: black;"> <br />
</span><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"><br />
3. BRAILLE MARKERS AT GETTYSBURG</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">: Three new markers <span style="background: white;">feature
landscape elevations that visitors are encouraged to touch. They were inspired
by a massive topographic map created more than a century ago and on display at
the visitor center.</span><b> </b><span style="background: white;">The
creation of the tactile tables is part of a larger project to update
interpretive signage throughout the park. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/04/gettysburg-unveils-bronze-markers-that.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></b></span></span><span style="color: black;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><b><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxNAEpAaGcJvGG0VhfsBhzqnkIHQWup4Diu-7UbAbdYmExsVt0PxqEYn78GynS2p792RRlRJmqcopbCI-g7IZ5JlaZUcEHoHGeXVpW0dqcgzLeHpv-vQGyngAVgSK-56c6xgd3RKmaVReI6Kw5ALVF64gL_A_WdP2_zJ2ucFe53Ipq4z6a0F6RbHfa_BBJ/s903/gloves.jpeg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="903" data-original-width="800" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxNAEpAaGcJvGG0VhfsBhzqnkIHQWup4Diu-7UbAbdYmExsVt0PxqEYn78GynS2p792RRlRJmqcopbCI-g7IZ5JlaZUcEHoHGeXVpW0dqcgzLeHpv-vQGyngAVgSK-56c6xgd3RKmaVReI6Kw5ALVF64gL_A_WdP2_zJ2ucFe53Ipq4z6a0F6RbHfa_BBJ/w177-h200/gloves.jpeg" width="177" /></span></a></b></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><b>2. TREASURE TROVE</b><span style="color: black;">:</span></span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;"> Descendants of Capt.
James Lile Lemon of Georgia traveled to the Atlanta History Center to see items
that belonged to him. <span style="background: white;">Dozens of Civil War-period
items were laid out on tables. Almost all related to a single soldier -- a
curator's dream<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. </b>There were personal
items, a captured drum, revolver, letters, canteen, photographs and much more.<a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/04/treasure-trove-capt-james-lile-lemon.html" target="_blank"> </a><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/04/treasure-trove-capt-james-lile-lemon.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">1. HUNDREDS OF ARTIFACTS
PULLED FROM RIVER</span></b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">: <span style="background: white;">Some of the captured weapons
and ammunition that Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman’s troops dumped into
the Congaree River in Columbia, S.C., in the last months of the Civil War
reemerged during an environmental project that removed tar from the riverbed
The haul included including cannonballs (photo above), canister, remnants of a saber and
wagon wheel and dozens of bullets. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/11/archaeologists-found-500-civil-war.html" target="_blank">– Read more</a></b></span></span></span></p><p></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-46383077112743808512023-12-26T11:49:00.004-05:002023-12-26T11:50:53.451-05:00Confederate monument removed from Arlington could end up at New Market<p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">A Confederate
memorial that was removed last week from Arlington National Cemetery and could be
relocated to the New Market Battlefield State Historical Park in the Shenandoah
Valley if Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin gets his way. The park is operated by
the Virginia Museum of the Civil War, which is run by the Virginia Military
Institute. The sculptor attended VMI. </span><b><a href="https://www.insidenova.com/news/state/shenandoah-civil-war-park-potential-new-home-for-confederate-memorial/article_61da9fd7-b477-5001-a364-ed33805fb3b0.html" target="_blank">-- Article</a></b></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-85395581267559962023-12-19T11:19:00.008-05:002023-12-26T09:44:17.783-05:00Kennesaw Mountain staff confirmed names of mountains on a map. Now, the Library of Congress is crediting drawing to Theodore Davis, rather than Alfred Waud<p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg34uc85LctIGjnQiApK_UvjL3gGL-oHtqnIanRldCZLkSDq855R1nD_380PeBFRoX16JFJp9cQrzPmzsLMIzlr001cqnVtM3mB19v4LS-oIXBOTQ5VH-GIro-lFB3L8oAatt5AYIbGvnEUsdC-qT8O18Pkb9kslYHvtDbnv9LfjgPXkP1oalymDoZRNPJr/s6133/LOC%20map.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3357" data-original-width="6133" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg34uc85LctIGjnQiApK_UvjL3gGL-oHtqnIanRldCZLkSDq855R1nD_380PeBFRoX16JFJp9cQrzPmzsLMIzlr001cqnVtM3mB19v4LS-oIXBOTQ5VH-GIro-lFB3L8oAatt5AYIbGvnEUsdC-qT8O18Pkb9kslYHvtDbnv9LfjgPXkP1oalymDoZRNPJr/w607-h333/LOC%20map.jpg" width="607" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A map of the Kennesaw Mountain battlefield shows Rebel guns (Library of Congress)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">An effort by
the <b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a></b> to identify mountains <b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ppmsca.20160/" target="_blank">in a sketch</a> </b>depicting Confederate
artillery positions at the Kennesaw Mountain battlefield has concluded with the
institution changing the attribution for the drawing from Alfred R. Waud to
Theodore R. Davis.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The unsigned and
undated map of the Georgia battlefield was among many Civil War drawings
donated to the library more than a century ago by the estate of famed <b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2003691200/" target="_blank">financier J.P. Morgan</a></b>. It was long attributed to Waud, the <b><a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alfred-R-Waud" target="_blank">legendary artist-journalist</a></b>
who followed the Army of the Potomac in Virginia.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyQGqIQSBI-ew6TOWUFMOH68CpaqUXDeY6HX3y2YUU0b7fC9R02bkrjPU9_SfwM4K-hWlhyphenhyphenl79A38LimC70b8-muKPyjjH0HhFgDCFiuDfJ6u17fTJamD76ePsUlnF4a9fadNYu5EJ-vec91Y05IW0yn-B7o0Kx6MKS2qFFw3eirv3n7n_ZNEBgtN8vjP3/s361/Davis.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="361" data-original-width="257" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyQGqIQSBI-ew6TOWUFMOH68CpaqUXDeY6HX3y2YUU0b7fC9R02bkrjPU9_SfwM4K-hWlhyphenhyphenl79A38LimC70b8-muKPyjjH0HhFgDCFiuDfJ6u17fTJamD76ePsUlnF4a9fadNYu5EJ-vec91Y05IW0yn-B7o0Kx6MKS2qFFw3eirv3n7n_ZNEBgtN8vjP3/w143-h200/Davis.jpg" width="143" /></a></span></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">But the LOC’s
Kara Chittenden, </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">senior cataloging
specialist</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""> with the </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/" target="_blank">Prints & Photographs Division</a></b>, and Sara Duke, </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222;">curator of <a href="https://www.loc.gov/collections/hidden-treasures-at-the-library-of-congress/articles-and-essays/meet-the-curators/#:~:text=Sara%20W.&text=Duke%20is%20a%20curator%20of,of%20the%20Library%20of%20Congress." target="_blank"><b>Popular and Applied Graphics</b></a>, told the Picket that the library is changing the catalog
reference to the map as likely belonging<b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_R._Davis" target="_blank"> to Davis</a> </b>(right), another famous Civil War
illustrator.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #222222;">Waud
was in Virginia in June and July 1864, creating dramatic scenes from Cold
Harbor and Petersburg while Davis was with Sherman’s armies during much of the
Atlanta Campaign, including the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain on June 27, 1864.
His employer, Harper’s Weekly, did not publish the sketch, according to the
LOC.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Waud did
travel to Georgia after the Civil War to make illustrations for a book and
other publications. He died in nearby Marietta in 1891.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial;">Chittenden
in mid-November reached out to <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/kemo/index.htm" target="_blank">Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park</a></b> with
a question. An outside researcher wanted an addition to the sketch’s catalog,
but the federal library needed to verify that information.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW7KOCgLF02xcgSGwAtvKSwMvOmfwaQyFSYasUYEy2jUG59quBOeXduJO1VjsyeYlKbswdXhmmow9TdXyWrneeIhlLuKfHIaRBEt_LJF0aQsHDCdOh_PtmO-PK2_aHO7zHfaM_FrzT-naabjdipZ4DKt3Xw2STEgfxOxzj_AGeRaG6HRGWDNTn12eUiekm/s4032/Box.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW7KOCgLF02xcgSGwAtvKSwMvOmfwaQyFSYasUYEy2jUG59quBOeXduJO1VjsyeYlKbswdXhmmow9TdXyWrneeIhlLuKfHIaRBEt_LJF0aQsHDCdOh_PtmO-PK2_aHO7zHfaM_FrzT-naabjdipZ4DKt3Xw2STEgfxOxzj_AGeRaG6HRGWDNTn12eUiekm/w564-h422/Box.jpg" width="564" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Box of index cards showing locations of units at Kennesaw (Jake Boling/NPS)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">“The
researcher believes <b><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ppmsca.20160/" target="_blank">that the map</a></b> depicts Kennesaw Mountain battlefield, with
Pigeon Hill on the left, Little Kennesaw Mtn in the center and Big Kennesaw Mtn
on the right. Unfortunately, there is very little information on the map to
confirm this. Would you be able to verify this information?” Chittenden wrote to the park.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The inquiry
was picked up by Jake Boling, a park ranger and education coordinator at the
park.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Boling used
valuable old-school technology to confirm the location of the mountains: Emmet Nichols, a
ranger at Kennesaw Mountain in the 1970s and 1980s, worked from official records to pinpoint the locations of Union and Confederate
positions, including those brimming with artillery. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Nichols put the
information on large index cards. The folders, which included the names of units on each mountain, have been kept in a large box.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaBxdF57gHsBUq7WTW7fvP3Dkd2Br3teUelsilMDz-qbN8elAfwqq18HJh1tehKPnUVHiLXqbi6La71Iw5EKcyUPVFxLTDNv_-ZiKI2VXQ9XJcyxD6YgUO7UTPog5MJdA7NW2-zimY9oa1S3uXE0XFLjkrZDuQJSh6Wy4zxQv7-Zt3_E2VlhNmnYqmfIGO/s2617/Card.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1257" data-original-width="2617" height="289" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaBxdF57gHsBUq7WTW7fvP3Dkd2Br3teUelsilMDz-qbN8elAfwqq18HJh1tehKPnUVHiLXqbi6La71Iw5EKcyUPVFxLTDNv_-ZiKI2VXQ9XJcyxD6YgUO7UTPog5MJdA7NW2-zimY9oa1S3uXE0XFLjkrZDuQJSh6Wy4zxQv7-Zt3_E2VlhNmnYqmfIGO/w598-h289/Card.jpg" width="598" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">These names in the park's archives are shown on the LOC map (Jake Boling/NPS)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">While the Library of Congress drawing itself does not label the mountains, the artillery positions are labeled with the <b><a href="https://kennesawmountain.wordpress.com/order-of-battle-2/confederate-order-of-battle/" target="_blank">names of their commanders</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“Working here
as long as I have, I recognized these names,” Boling said in a recent phone
call.<span style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial;">The
batteries were under the command of Confederate <a href="https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/MF12-D79/maj.-george-strong-storrs-1840-1930" target="_blank"><b>Maj. George S. Storrs</b></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(252, 252, 252); color: black; font-family: arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">At left, on Pigeon Hill, are
Parrott guns of <b><a href="https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Hoskins%27_Battery,_Mississippi_Light_Artillery_(Brookhaven_Light_Artillery)" target="_blank">J.A. Hoskins</a></b>’ Mississippi battery. Deployed at Little Kennesaw
are more Hoskins Parrotts and Napoleon guns belonging to <a href="https://civilwartalk.com/threads/portrait-of-captain-john-james-ward-wards-battery-alabama-light-artillery.119882/#google_vignette" target="_blank"><b>Capt. John Ward</b>’<b>s</b></a>
Alabama battery and <b><a href="http://pricecamp.org/units/guiborbattery.htm#:~:text=Guibor's%20Battery%20was%20armed%20with,NC%20on%20April%2026%2C%201865." target="_blank">Capt. Henry Guibor’s</a></b> Missouri battery. At far right of the
sketch are siege guns.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVHNHndmAvIfzSBli_WgnxjCCljwDfhshK0PHX61EkyoTS1kA9g3tAdG93BKEjjHKUAAEo5-Bf8f5EW5Wk3Ou36NyYlyHcox2o6X1FBvvdFlj-t7hyphenhyphenMuBWNQu13wKSkXbxDYdWHcjfPeHoDEGrNgojz78fKgVpCs8iaapIK8Mn8Gt7_fNPKiaBA8_gzOp2/s3261/map%20detail.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1517" data-original-width="3261" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVHNHndmAvIfzSBli_WgnxjCCljwDfhshK0PHX61EkyoTS1kA9g3tAdG93BKEjjHKUAAEo5-Bf8f5EW5Wk3Ou36NyYlyHcox2o6X1FBvvdFlj-t7hyphenhyphenMuBWNQu13wKSkXbxDYdWHcjfPeHoDEGrNgojz78fKgVpCs8iaapIK8Mn8Gt7_fNPKiaBA8_gzOp2/w547-h255/map%20detail.jpg" width="547" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Detail from the Library of Congress map of Pigeon Hill (left) and Little Kennesaw</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">“The guns did
move. I don’t think all of these were in these positions all at once,” Boling
said.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The drawing
shows the profile of mountains as they would be seen from Marietta, just to the
southeast.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Boling says
<b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/william-w-loring" target="_blank">Confederate Maj. Gen. William Loring</a></b>, who commanded a corps during the Atlanta
Campaign, may have been consulted for the battery locations. When that occurred is uncertain.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Chittenden
added the names of the mountains to the catalog and said the library will now be
attributing the map and a few other Kennesaw Mountain sketches to Davis.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj09fUl3ihOuzA34vKmiIZGeVsAikY8zEFM2dj_a6h6UdTHsSXzPRmMiSDdQyZcj7HpV4nFF3Ch2fYDzqOibO79fI-AJ2cJM-B5FziMBMLdB8lAjCpQpszbgYSx96KwCXLSdnR-XKZ2opQjMPsUMH3U12SB4onI1e5GrjYr7qZl2NSUQ6B3qEFpARV28cnD/s1693/Waud.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1693" data-original-width="1167" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj09fUl3ihOuzA34vKmiIZGeVsAikY8zEFM2dj_a6h6UdTHsSXzPRmMiSDdQyZcj7HpV4nFF3Ch2fYDzqOibO79fI-AJ2cJM-B5FziMBMLdB8lAjCpQpszbgYSx96KwCXLSdnR-XKZ2opQjMPsUMH3U12SB4onI1e5GrjYr7qZl2NSUQ6B3qEFpARV28cnD/s320/Waud.jpg" width="221" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“<span style="background: white; color: #333333;">The former attribution to Alfred Waud (left) is
unlikely because Waud was not at this battle,” the <b><a href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2004660525" target="_blank">updated catalog</a></b> will say of
the mountains drawing, which it says was created in 1864.</span><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial;">It’s impossible, without a signature, to know for sure who
made the map. But there can be clues.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333;">
</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #333333;">“</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">I’m afraid there isn’t enough evidence on the
map to know <b><a href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=LCCN&searchArg=2004660525&searchType=1&permalink=y" target="_blank">that Davis drew it</a></b> and not a soldier or other eyewitness who drew
it and gave it to him,” said Duke of the Library of Congress. “As you can see,
modern databases have made it easier for us to change attribution of art and
learn the whereabouts of the artists who recorded the Civil War for illustrated
weeklies."</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial;">Duke told the Picket when she looked at copies of Harper’s
Weekly for Kennesaw, the only artist represented was Davis.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal">
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #222222;">“When I cataloged the collection in 1991, I worked with a
pencil, sheets of paper and bound editions of Harper’s Weekly, Frank Leslie’s,
and the New York Illustrated News. Almost all of the drawings were attributed
to Waud when I arrived. I was able to verify attributions to other artists
using the bound volumes. What I could not do in the time allotted, was track
dates and movements with a pencil and paper. Now, it is easier to see how
artists moved with the armies. As databases improve, it takes much less time to
verify information, but a lot more time to change the cataloging.</span>”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;">The Picket reached out to Boling about the new Davis attribution, but he was away from the office.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222;">When asked for comment, Kennesaw Mountain park ranger Ray Hamel said: "</span><span style="background-color: white;">If you feel the new information is reflective of accurate scholarship, I think it's safe to say the credit can go to Davis."</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe_G5E0g8kujMCNHN-Gad7L9oCJ5dFl22A6nX5UfFPsvBlYsN3CwdiUzbB87mrJbXAtmp3wDKCvKgHVR9mTFWpIzZ1KNyy5n0EVHxJmLB563cHA1tZs1HT-ukIZkEm97KYbRB_oDhFDTneKAYzcUqHO4CWcZzQVwEeEFvvc2PBgmZ-vMKa5s03py0zuAKK/s3189/Folder.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="561" data-original-width="3189" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe_G5E0g8kujMCNHN-Gad7L9oCJ5dFl22A6nX5UfFPsvBlYsN3CwdiUzbB87mrJbXAtmp3wDKCvKgHVR9mTFWpIzZ1KNyy5n0EVHxJmLB563cHA1tZs1HT-ukIZkEm97KYbRB_oDhFDTneKAYzcUqHO4CWcZzQVwEeEFvvc2PBgmZ-vMKa5s03py0zuAKK/w476-h83/Folder.jpg" width="476" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Folders in the park's collection show Storrs' batteries (Jake Boling/NPS)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #050505; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black;">The Picket learned about the drawing from a Facebook post by the park about the collaboration with the Library of Congress. The post said the sketch “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #050505; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">matches up almost perfectly with the park's own records.” (At the time of our call, Boling and I understood the drawing to have been done by Waud.)</span></span></span><div><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #050505; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #050505; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chittenden said the public -- should they want to propose changes or additions to an image description -- can reach out to the Library of Congress’ Prints and Photographs page via its “<b><a href="https://ask.loc.gov/prints-photographs/" target="_blank">Ask a Librarian</a></b>” form. “</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Once we receive a request to update a catalog record, we try to verify the information before making any changes.”</span></span><div><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #050505; font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Boling said he and fellow park staffers try to
be transparent to the public about where they get their information. He points
out that most of the visitors to the popular site come for recreation and do
not realize the park also tells the history of the area.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We try to
set the standard for accurate, unbiased information, and research opportunities
and resources.”</span></p><p></p></div></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-90551845129554206362023-12-13T13:01:00.004-05:002023-12-13T13:24:42.369-05:00Andre Braugher, who played Cpl. Thomas Searles in 'Glory,' dies at 61<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrwXVpoK87mzWb7zSx8dum5XVKxbA6Hiw3j8quFBcpzt9QltKjU6KmsatWYKn4y7zBGGZ-mSSCjEbaAGEUu0iC6AOL_wonQeH0yRBcc-GW3e2XUEKl3R7N0dz0csgIpyS3zqkRJqKzP63dlHxFX8vh_GKvgabh-BPRZjy8SUBHZspzpDrIJYWB3IShiVSN/s317/Glory.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="317" data-original-width="214" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrwXVpoK87mzWb7zSx8dum5XVKxbA6Hiw3j8quFBcpzt9QltKjU6KmsatWYKn4y7zBGGZ-mSSCjEbaAGEUu0iC6AOL_wonQeH0yRBcc-GW3e2XUEKl3R7N0dz0csgIpyS3zqkRJqKzP63dlHxFX8vh_GKvgabh-BPRZjy8SUBHZspzpDrIJYWB3IShiVSN/w268-h397/Glory.jpg" width="268" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Andre
Braugher, who gained fame portraying a member of the 54<sup>th</sup><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">
Massachusetts Infantry Regiment in the 1989 film “Glory,” has died at age 61,
<b><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/12/entertainment/andre-braugher-obit/index.html" target="_blank">according to news reports</a></b>.</span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Braugher
played <b><a href="https://m.imdb.com/title/tt0097441/fullcredits/cast" target="_blank">Cpl. Thomas Searles</a></b>, a sensitive African-American recruit who had a
difficult time adjusting to army life and was ridiculed by many of his
comrades.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">But the
bookish Searles, who was a family friend of white regimental commander Col.
Robert Gould Shaw, toughened up and volunteered to carry the flag should the color bearer fall during the Union
assault on Fort Wagner near Charleston, S.C., in July 1863.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">When Shaw asks
whether anyone would pick up the staff, Searles stepped forward and said, “I
will” to cheers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“I’ll see you
in the fort, Thomas,” said an emotional Shaw, played by Matthew Broderick, who before then ordered the
soldier not to speak to him by first name.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Shaw, Searles
and many other members of the regiment died in the failed assault.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="https://parade.com/tv/andre-braugher-movies-tv-shows" target="_blank">“Glory” also starred</a></b> Denzel Washington, Cary Elwes and Morgan Freeman.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj02ro7xxhJwbTqRVlsc84LgW_SLG3wcnvao5RYHnPdiWe_xnW3C0GhLuyndJgPz6CnklWGe6QN2it6vTQUVrhZtpLdw_kTI9CKG1x-H9T2kJYOh58trb41Gom05wgy0JkNdECj4XL5R1pg5fsfhSYqwKcmTdW16efMgEa5YG5XEeFYA6aVyckDsM515wzc/s588/Braugher.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="588" data-original-width="457" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj02ro7xxhJwbTqRVlsc84LgW_SLG3wcnvao5RYHnPdiWe_xnW3C0GhLuyndJgPz6CnklWGe6QN2it6vTQUVrhZtpLdw_kTI9CKG1x-H9T2kJYOh58trb41Gom05wgy0JkNdECj4XL5R1pg5fsfhSYqwKcmTdW16efMgEa5YG5XEeFYA6aVyckDsM515wzc/w156-h200/Braugher.jpg" width="156" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Braugher (left, Peabody Awards photo via Wikipedia) later starred in a number of movies and television shows, including<span style="background: white; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> “Homicide: Life on
the Street” and the comedy series “Brooklyn Nine-Nine,” according to CNN.<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;">In 2015, <b><a href="https://www.thewrap.com/andre-braugher-glory-usa-characters-unite-film-series-exclusive-video/" target="_blank">the actor introduced</a></b> “Glory”
when it was broadcast on USA Network.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">“It was an incredible honor to be involved in ‘Glory’ and work amongst a
tremendous cast to highlight some of our nation’s first black military heroes,”
said Braugher, according to The Wrap. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">“The film pays tribute to the brave soldiers and inspires us to defy
adversity when all odds are against us, while paying tribute to those who
selflessly fought to preserve the union during the American Civil War."<br /></span></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-37396763222758803842023-12-13T11:45:00.002-05:002023-12-13T11:46:59.002-05:00Reuters: How slaveholding families reasserted themselves after the Civil War<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="font-family: arial;">One fifth of
the U.S. political elite are direct descendants of slaveholders. In examining
the lineages of three current members of Congress, Reuters focused on how their
forebears reclaimed family wealth and power in the decades following the
post-Civil War Reconstruction Era. It was a time when the old South sought to
reassert itself socially and politically, stripping away the rights Black
people had gained during Reconstruction before federal troops withdrew from the
region in 1877. <b><a href="https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-slavery-families/" target="_blank">-- Article</a></b></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-50865276777785426502023-12-04T06:24:00.011-05:002023-12-04T15:17:42.245-05:00Was this wagon wheel shattered in explosion as Sherman's troops took S.C. capital? Experts hope to learn more when they conserve hundreds of artifacts<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQscvErlyG6wXuhoiFlCLvqEMdnKxumGM1Wfa6R_kmUbrJLR_6OMJ0l4AB3mdEOOp0Cef-PM79eAmVpADh7VF4iLuGukV0s3Yg082wZ4mizMwdOUsnK2-XXDU_c1kRm2vDrrM10-bRTFSD7gHAGN_VbdrZVLGZjKd6B2NQUg5bnPmifNSXBfwjQrk4cYT1/s2607/Wheel%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1485" data-original-width="2607" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQscvErlyG6wXuhoiFlCLvqEMdnKxumGM1Wfa6R_kmUbrJLR_6OMJ0l4AB3mdEOOp0Cef-PM79eAmVpADh7VF4iLuGukV0s3Yg082wZ4mizMwdOUsnK2-XXDU_c1kRm2vDrrM10-bRTFSD7gHAGN_VbdrZVLGZjKd6B2NQUg5bnPmifNSXBfwjQrk4cYT1/w592-h338/Wheel%202.jpg" width="592" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The wheel hub recovered from the Congaree River (Courtesy of Sean Norris, TRC Companies)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">A metal
detector first noticed the round object buried in the bed of the Congaree River
in Columbia, S.C. Archaeologists surmised it was a just another rubber tire -- one of many found during <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/11/archaeologists-found-500-civil-war.html" target="_blank">an extensive river cleanup</a></b>.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">After all,
some 2.5 tons of debris – including trash, tires and scrap metal – were carted
off during the removal of toxic, century-old coal tar along the shoreline, Dominion
Energy <b><a href="https://news.dominionenergy.com/2023-11-13-Dominion-Energy-Announces-Early-Completion-of-Congaree-River-Project" target="_blank">announced last month</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Crews decided
to dig out the object by hand, expecting an item made well past the Civil
War-era.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">“Once it was
exposed, we knew we had something much more interesting than that,” said Sean
Norris, <span style="background: white; color: black;">program archaeologist
for </span></span><a href="https://www.trccompanies.com/" target="_blank"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #0e487e; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">TRC Companies</span></b></a><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">, a
subcontractor for Dominion Energy.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">The item was the shattered hub of a wagon wheel, and it’s
possible it was damaged in an explosion when Union troops who took the city in
February 1865 dumped tons of captured Confederate ordnance into the Congaree. (<i>Photo below, courtesy of <o:p></o:p></i></span><b style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.crr.sc.gov/" target="_blank"><i>South Carolina Confederate Relic Room and Military Museum</i></a>)</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimreemL-1OGN9Dn5HOeS-YVTlbsRP877QeIm6NsF_keNBIJxRrM9CVy27AUZj6s7HDFLdU9YsRqc6HNWgIvuC6W-nJ2OT5et4_oCMyXPjbSkNrwe9b568aPeZavCuHAG5rCQMD6p3wFsy9_ifl4FZ8OJzUYvh5KWPHPqTX31z7GjRFg-EKcs77wmv-AxU-/s4032/Wheel%20hub.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="388" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimreemL-1OGN9Dn5HOeS-YVTlbsRP877QeIm6NsF_keNBIJxRrM9CVy27AUZj6s7HDFLdU9YsRqc6HNWgIvuC6W-nJ2OT5et4_oCMyXPjbSkNrwe9b568aPeZavCuHAG5rCQMD6p3wFsy9_ifl4FZ8OJzUYvh5KWPHPqTX31z7GjRFg-EKcs77wmv-AxU-/w291-h388/Wheel%20hub.jpg" width="291" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">The artifact
was found an area where numerous rounds of Civil War ammunition <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2023/11/archaeologists-found-500-civil-war.html" target="_blank">were recovered</a></b>.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“We had a few
folks from the (<b><a href="https://www.crr.sc.gov/" target="_blank">South Carolina Confederate Relic Room and Military Museum</a></b>) take
a preliminary look and our consensus was that this wheel fit the time frame for
a Civil War-era wagon. The location in association with other artifacts of that
time period lead us to believe that this wheel was deposited around the same
time the other ordnance was dumped in the river,” Norris said in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“The official
records mention the explosion and the destruction of a wagon and a team of mules
in a couple correspondences. It seems possible that what was left of the
wagon after it was destroyed was thrown in the river along with everything else
that was being dumped. There would be no specific reason for the wagon parts to
be discarded elsewhere.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">Wartime reports indicated three Federal soldiers,
including </span><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3009329/williamson-m-davis" target="_blank"><b><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: #0e487e; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Capt. Williamson M.
Davis</span></b></a><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">, died in the explosion. Another 20 or so troops were
injured.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The wheel,
which shows signs of charring, currently rests in a plastic vat at the Relic
Room in Columbia as it awaits conservation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The museum typically
has it covered with a wet towel and plastic bag to keep in moisture. Exposed wood
-- if left to dry before conservation -- can disintegrate, experts said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Archaeologists
recovered about 500 Civil War artifacts during the project. Most of those will
go to the Relic Room after treatment, which could take up to 18 months, said
Chelsea Sigourney, curator of exhibits and collections.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIGvWRVCSk2_UbW4Ao9gj96g6JunUhqoCJZZ8TWhbeXhoiaUU7lUVowXFEhSqOKlO2OguJzVqENsNBo7QtVhiQu3ZRt3i4rI9jUKmH-epcz86eV1b-7dt08FmS6jNMORXzOTglWkaSaFEFToa0RF8gR5HUTqV2xBhuxFMpJmPCeH-P4vTn1-PL3bfmTTRL/s4608/DSCN3039.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3456" data-original-width="4608" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIGvWRVCSk2_UbW4Ao9gj96g6JunUhqoCJZZ8TWhbeXhoiaUU7lUVowXFEhSqOKlO2OguJzVqENsNBo7QtVhiQu3ZRt3i4rI9jUKmH-epcz86eV1b-7dt08FmS6jNMORXzOTglWkaSaFEFToa0RF8gR5HUTqV2xBhuxFMpJmPCeH-P4vTn1-PL3bfmTTRL/w540-h404/DSCN3039.JPG" width="540" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Exhibit on burning of Columbia (Courtesy South Carolina Confederate Relic Room and Military Museum)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;">“Some
artifacts will be stabilized in distilled water and later go through
electrolysis” at the <b><a href="https://sc.edu/study/colleges_schools/artsandsciences/sc_institute_archeology_and_anthropology/" target="_blank">South Carolina Institute for Archaeology and Anthropology</a> </b>(SCIAA),
Sigourney told the Picket.</span><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">“I’d like to
be able to have a small exhibit about what is collected from the dig, but that
is a project for the future. I wouldn’t even attempt to set a date for that until
we hear conservation is complete,” the curator said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Relic
Room <b><a href="https://www.crr.sc.gov/exhibits/currentexhibits/maingallery" target="_blank">has exhibits that</a></b> mention Sherman’s occupation and the burning of the
capital.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT2-G-urkWPLdasAjaSgzg00VsoU1q5EzKQ128GDrdDjH9JmF6DNmKBZGAuFMEA4D_M5hoeqvTBDyKsSs_Oi920g4wJ0XvNVrqU4q4DE400qAdwrg0AubDRBYbMi6o7stjrQf7J67lFZ9TMGvzBdWDnjwHp3GpdW9qv0hnyTzO8tidhwiMOIUqRxJHuO-I/s2448/Sword.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1752" data-original-width="2448" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT2-G-urkWPLdasAjaSgzg00VsoU1q5EzKQ128GDrdDjH9JmF6DNmKBZGAuFMEA4D_M5hoeqvTBDyKsSs_Oi920g4wJ0XvNVrqU4q4DE400qAdwrg0AubDRBYbMi6o7stjrQf7J67lFZ9TMGvzBdWDnjwHp3GpdW9qv0hnyTzO8tidhwiMOIUqRxJHuO-I/w490-h350/Sword.jpg" width="490" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Remnants of Rebel sword, canister and iron spike points (James Legg, SCIAA)</td></tr></tbody></table>James Legg, public archaeologist for SCIAA, said the agency will handle the bulk of the conservation work. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">“I think I currently have about 200 Civil War artifacts and an
assortment of other metal artifacts. This is essentially what the EOD
(explosive ordnance disposal) teams recovered during excavation, and it was
convenient to bring it on over here to SCIAA in anticipation of the TRC contract,”
Legg told the Picket.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">“TRC still has a collection of similar or somewhat smaller size that was
recovered during the off-site screening process. They may conserve some or all
of that group,” he said.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA8WXxGoJhWmqlpgPtjMhxpcQCZE3c7AJ27IJHjCKIZBuQ9ZTrLxsl024t-g5wR4jkjsTkXDwsvSNvdwaYWXwWdkXboQM1T9zqz27YAMjw74YaP9-jzUqapbWMHIo9ZpioDQaaNR2Y4EC06KyqNBtPijPrOKBe7Nj6hyyns3nHYk7W8Le613BUTrImwh6u/s2484/P1250170.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1818" data-original-width="2484" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA8WXxGoJhWmqlpgPtjMhxpcQCZE3c7AJ27IJHjCKIZBuQ9ZTrLxsl024t-g5wR4jkjsTkXDwsvSNvdwaYWXwWdkXboQM1T9zqz27YAMjw74YaP9-jzUqapbWMHIo9ZpioDQaaNR2Y4EC06KyqNBtPijPrOKBe7Nj6hyyns3nHYk7W8Le613BUTrImwh6u/w415-h304/P1250170.JPG" width="415" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Numerous cannonballs were recovered (James Legg, SCIAA)</td></tr></tbody></table>The Civil War-related artifacts found during the project include some
6-pounder, 12-pounder and 10-inch projectiles, a large number of canister and
grape shot balls, canister plates, small arms ammunition and a Confederate
sword blade. Only the lead bullets will not require conservation<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">“The entire collection (or the half or more that I do) will take about a
year to complete, once we begin. I will use electrolytic reduction, manual
cleaning and other neutralization techniques before sealing each piece,” Legg
wrote in an email.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">He said it was unclear who would do the work on the wagon wheel. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Allen
Roberson, executive director of the Relic Room, said he has submitted a
proposal for funding of an exhibit room on the discoveries.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 115%;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNyhwHWrCoa9ZMt4nnDFjQYWSxFBSE6R90n5gm1715iTDm63qjAXTDInlvnR-IlW_haEypisLdxM7wwZkLnFPRWle6FrX5T5QH3J3ZDQ3irzueNQd-x19JHkVqa-TABQQZszGLP7glkLAw_FGOgf8ZKznu7UEbtU5vJJC4nvu9Yrkp3JqeSMVeFT50ld8s/s4032/PXL_20231128_174259268.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="375" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNyhwHWrCoa9ZMt4nnDFjQYWSxFBSE6R90n5gm1715iTDm63qjAXTDInlvnR-IlW_haEypisLdxM7wwZkLnFPRWle6FrX5T5QH3J3ZDQ3irzueNQd-x19JHkVqa-TABQQZszGLP7glkLAw_FGOgf8ZKznu7UEbtU5vJJC4nvu9Yrkp3JqeSMVeFT50ld8s/w500-h375/PXL_20231128_174259268.jpg" width="500" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Details of Sherman's campaign (Courtesy South Carolina Confederate Relic Room and Military Museum)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">“Some of that dig is fascinating,”
Roberson told the <b><a href="https://carolinanewsandreporter.cic.sc.edu/civil-war-artifacts-recovered-from-congaree-river-will-find-home-in-columbia-museum/" target="_blank">Carolina News and Reporter</a></b>. “I think the archaeological
recovery is almost as insane as what you pull out of the river.”</span><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span>He told the
news outlet that the exhibit may open in a year and a half to two years.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Norris said
most of the river artifacts are at a TRC Companies laboratory, awaiting
conservation and curation. He expects analysis of the wheel to begin in the new
year.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">Archaeologists did not find any other wheels, metal hubs or large pieces of
wood near the wheel.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5382000901773344023.post-1236330094509924072023-12-01T07:45:00.007-05:002023-12-26T07:29:50.778-05:00A giant oak at the Resaca battlefield in NW Georgia was a thing of beauty. Now the witness tree is gone, a victim of time and a storm<p><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTp4MNF0i77KAEqZm73aEvE4AojCgt5kFpVe_SzMqfHI8VNptml5hC04htV4dPfIxj7fcj6XviVZLNBL0G2qQQXzPPtE2Y2ukI5UYM-LOPQBUuXs5B-Yp0MN5CoAs4yDdPTY1Ay1cRIIoAHdBHW4PK0lhYpahq0iYeoK3LEiK2Q3Q7sdZbkm5UppB3T0YT/s1582/Combo%203.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1221" data-original-width="1582" height="409" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTp4MNF0i77KAEqZm73aEvE4AojCgt5kFpVe_SzMqfHI8VNptml5hC04htV4dPfIxj7fcj6XviVZLNBL0G2qQQXzPPtE2Y2ukI5UYM-LOPQBUuXs5B-Yp0MN5CoAs4yDdPTY1Ay1cRIIoAHdBHW4PK0lhYpahq0iYeoK3LEiK2Q3Q7sdZbkm5UppB3T0YT/w531-h409/Combo%203.jpg" width="531" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tree in better days, after storm, reduced to stump, a writing in the wood (Friends of Resaca)</td></tr></tbody></table></div><span style="font-family: arial;">An imposing witness
tree that greeted visitors to <b><a href="https://www.exploregordoncounty.com/directory/resaca-battlefield-historic-site/" target="_blank">Resaca Battlefield Historic Site</a></b> in northwest
Georgia is gone, lost to weather and old age.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Ken Padgett
with the Friends of Resaca said the oak was only about 10 years old
during the May 13-15, 1864, <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/resaca" target="_blank">Battle of Resaca</a></b>, <span style="background: white;">the
second-bloodiest of the Atlanta Campaign. A Georgia Department of Natural
Resources employee performed a drilling of the tree in about 2014 and came up with
the estimate, he said.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white;">The friends group recently posted photos of the stump and said a storm
last year finished off the oak, which was showing signs of decay.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieG_BUsh_p_Yqw7uWaNV36VwXcu9JMNBqyZ-08-QE894ZfvyejYE9eAhyUJWf6cHHBd3TD7b5eMAQ_X9LQLor1v17CG1cZLeEFQwm-k8obkL-z_XNFG7Y_YB-SqTUvo9qblMo71tISJ3FvrhWxlJkrSsgyJNUBVz2_FryNRJWuaJAx6FljdpV3PHACiHBf/s720/stump%20FB.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="540" data-original-width="720" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieG_BUsh_p_Yqw7uWaNV36VwXcu9JMNBqyZ-08-QE894ZfvyejYE9eAhyUJWf6cHHBd3TD7b5eMAQ_X9LQLor1v17CG1cZLeEFQwm-k8obkL-z_XNFG7Y_YB-SqTUvo9qblMo71tISJ3FvrhWxlJkrSsgyJNUBVz2_FryNRJWuaJAx6FljdpV3PHACiHBf/w354-h266/stump%20FB.jpg" width="354" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“She was a
beautiful tree,” one Facebook commenter said. “The field looked bare yesterday
without her, even though it needed to be done.”<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">Before it was recently cut up and hauled away, portions of the tree were propped up
and it was a safety risk to the public, according to Tony Patton of the friends
group.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Much of the western part of the battlefield is contained <b><a href="https://www.exploregordoncounty.com/directory/resaca-battlefield-historic-site/" target="_blank">within the park</a></b>, which
is bordered by Interstate 75.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">The spot where the tree was located is approximately where
the Union’s 20th Corps and the 14th Corps overlapped, said Patton (in Friends of Resaca photo).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Federal units
attacked the Confederate line on May 14, and Hooker’s 20th Corps supported
Palmer’s 14th Corps in the Camp Creek area near the witness tree. (See <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/resaca-may-14-1864-afternoon" target="_blank">American Battlefield Trust map</a></b> below for
details on units)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhynuNa7fa1o3QCf0zDUOmOfSrWnznl02DUh7bhyYodlM5hTwvLKCUYxj6MTS28rEP_6RyZwIO7o70fyyPWuAzS8ikhyphenhyphenyT9OFd4NQhKzIxx33VJsz1wgwSNOMGVi96A33Utp75LugbUVxl0rjM4bUCPnNIVt8pztRX1WRhApzOei5yySi1vhoVC9gO2E_O3/s1589/Damaged.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="1589" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhynuNa7fa1o3QCf0zDUOmOfSrWnznl02DUh7bhyYodlM5hTwvLKCUYxj6MTS28rEP_6RyZwIO7o70fyyPWuAzS8ikhyphenhyphenyT9OFd4NQhKzIxx33VJsz1wgwSNOMGVi96A33Utp75LugbUVxl0rjM4bUCPnNIVt8pztRX1WRhApzOei5yySi1vhoVC9gO2E_O3/w516-h277/Damaged.jpg" width="516" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The once-proud oak had broken limbs after a 2022 storm (Friends of Resaca)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"">Patton said
it’s difficult to pin down specific units that attacked near the oak but the
102</span><sup>nd</sup><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""> Illinois of the 20</span><sup>th</sup><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""> Corps was there a
short time before it was “</span><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="background: white;">pulled out and sent
around to the north end of the battlefield to help repel the Confederate attack
on the afternoon of the 14th.” <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/102nd_Illinois_Infantry_Regiment" target="_blank">The regiment</a></b> fought through the end of the Atlanta Campaign and was in combat in South Carolina and North Carolina at war's end.</span></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Carlin’s
brigade within the 14<sup>th</sup> Corps was in that part of the field much of the day. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvQQs056R18_nVVoY0Is7d8GqfgRWCgqRy3ryAtplfivd9QhJNTa20CdmL9oKd4vCQrA1pJlb7-GzW7SHkBR29xhSDJFFvPQJFz9j9mqRZ_tuSYoNvfHfpG3bLir_F6d8KmB_t2YwqW-Gt8LmDLyHD8EoA0Li9CsNX_mkU9tY46v9cU5AHNdPqkfYW4zY/s1503/ABT%202.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1503" data-original-width="1120" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvQQs056R18_nVVoY0Is7d8GqfgRWCgqRy3ryAtplfivd9QhJNTa20CdmL9oKd4vCQrA1pJlb7-GzW7SHkBR29xhSDJFFvPQJFz9j9mqRZ_tuSYoNvfHfpG3bLir_F6d8KmB_t2YwqW-Gt8LmDLyHD8EoA0Li9CsNX_mkU9tY46v9cU5AHNdPqkfYW4zY/w298-h400/ABT%202.jpg" width="298" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">There are impressive accounts of the 21<sup>st<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></sup>Wisconsin Infantry, which had recruits from the Oneida tribe,
according to Patton.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">The <b><a href="http://www.resacabattlefield.org/FoRMay14.htm" target="_blank">Federal assault</a></b> on the Confederate right-center (Cleburne, Bate and Hindman) petered
out around 3 p.m., “<span style="color: #3c3936;">having achieved nothing but
casualties,” according to the American Battlefield Trust.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="color: #3c3936; font-family: arial;">Fighting continued
the next day but the battle proved to be inconclusive.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #3c3936;">There was one result: The South’s Joseph E. Johnston was forced to retreat from
the field due to a wide flanking maneuver by William T. Sherman.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #3c3936;">Resaca
Battlefield Historic Site in Gordon County </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">contains significant remnants of Rebel earthworks,
including an impressive length of trenches visible on the Red Battlefield Trail
(Signs point out metal detectors are banned and artifacts cannot be removed).</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Patton said a witness tree on the <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2016/05/big-doings-this-month-in-nw-georgia.html" target="_blank">Blue Battlefield Trail</a></b> survives.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Northwest
Georgia is replete with Civil War sites, and the Resaca area includes the park, a Confederate cemetery in the town, Fort Wayne and an annual battle reenactment on a separate property.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif""></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMW8J-tSBiqnTfADuTKXT6IibrHtjWVZ0lkjF3o4_mT2xEiv6HYsvWxyInlIxW6c9YHAYZKuEfpW0e9pccB8WefBmiH1iRxnVjgcDCIhjB0ZjO8W1sKl-gS7J_8CBvyhR_waf45vTUg9f8iEho2kyETbtQ_OE9mvgLIZHBIyhcnJLD1LeUbvRQho3VU5qz/s921/Trail%20mapp.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="921" data-original-width="443" height="453" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMW8J-tSBiqnTfADuTKXT6IibrHtjWVZ0lkjF3o4_mT2xEiv6HYsvWxyInlIxW6c9YHAYZKuEfpW0e9pccB8WefBmiH1iRxnVjgcDCIhjB0ZjO8W1sKl-gS7J_8CBvyhR_waf45vTUg9f8iEho2kyETbtQ_OE9mvgLIZHBIyhcnJLD1LeUbvRQho3VU5qz/w218-h453/Trail%20mapp.jpg" width="218" /></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">“The
attendance is great by both local recreation users and history buffs alike,” Padgett
said of the <b><a href="https://civil-war-picket.blogspot.com/2016/05/so-much-potential-resaca-battle-site.html" target="_blank">historic site a few years back</a></b>. “We have hosted many tour groups
from around the South and had many national visitors.”</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">(<b>Note</b>: <i>To see where the witness tree was located at Resaca Battlefield Historic Site, click the map and see the red arrow west of River Battlefield Trail</i>)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">Witness trees still can be found in many Civil War
battlefields, including Gettysburg and Manassas, where the park suggests soldiers got under the leaves for shade or rested by leaning on a trunk.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: arial;">The National Park Service also <b><a href="https://www.nps.gov/articles/silent-sentinels-of-storied-landscapes.htm" target="_blank">has a protection program</a></b> at historic sites in
the Washington, D.C., area, including the White House and National Mall.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="background: white; color: black;">The witness flora </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"">“provide
essential context and markers on battlefields, allowing us to better identify
where parts of chaotic battles occurred,” says the <b><a href="https://www.battlefields.org/learn/head-tilting-history/witness-trees?ms=googlepaid&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAiApaarBhB7EiwAYiMwqknYhiYdEzaUB5pIgHFILtufIvW1undmePN-FwvSntV3X-L1XnQdxBoC3-4QAvD_BwE" target="_blank">American Battlefield Trust</a></b>. “The
trees, like the land we save, have seen things we cannot imagine, and bear the
marks of those events.</span>”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;">Patton puts the
situation at Resaca succinctly:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">”<span style="background: white; color: black;">It's very tragic that another piece of
history is gone.”</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p>Phil Gasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01388284468989278770noreply@blogger.com0